Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: In order to achieve the automatic management of air quality monitoring data, the air quality data management system has been developed using VB.NET platform and Oracle as background database. It is also combined with the situation of the air quality in Beijing and based on the air quality monitoring data. The paper analyzes the system from 6 aspects, including technology selection, system architecture, system data flow diagram, system development environment, system functions and system features. Finally this paper explains the significance of the system development and application prospects.

Abstract: The spatial-temporal variability of water temperature in autumn during the early stage of kelp culture in Sanggou Bay was studied based on moored measurements. The vertical profiles of temperature demonstrated that the water columns were well mixed. By using moving average filter, water temperature variations were decomposed to the trend (>12d), synoptic-scale (5~12d) component, and tidal-scale (<25h) component. Temperature variations were dominated by the trend which dropped gradually during the observation. The temperature decline rates, which were affected by water depth, varied from 0.16 °C/d to 0.24 °C/d. Synoptic and tidal cycles contributed to the temporal oscillations of temperature. The synoptic-scale components were also modulated by water depth. The ranges of tidal-scale component were higher at the bay mouth than those in the inner bay. Water temperature during the early stage of kelp culture was basically within the optimum ranges for kelp and bivalves.

Abstract: Soil salinization problem was serious in Southern area of Laizhou Bay under the influence of shallow underground brine. In this patter, the dynamic changes of soil salinity in summer and fall were analyzed by using classical statistics and geo-statistics. Results indicated that soil salinity of each 1ayer shows great variability. The layers of 0~30cm, 30cm~60cm in summer and 30cm~60cmlayer in autumn showed moderate spatial autocorrelation, while the other layers showed strong spatial autocorrelation. The spatial distribution maps of soil salinity interpolated by Kriging method indicated that the spatial distribution of soil salinity of different layers were similar, the salt content decreased from the coastal area to inland and presented zonal distribution.

Abstract: A novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with excellent stability, repeatability and anti-interference was synthesized and it exhibited an electrocatalytic signal for hydroquinone (HQ) compared to bare GCE, which suggested that the presence of MWCNTs efficiently enhances electron transfer. Various parameters such as pH, modifier volume, and scan rate were optimized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. Under optimum conditions, linear responses for HQ in 0.1mol·L^-1 phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.0 were obtained in the range of 5×10^-6 mol·L^-1 to 2×10^-4 mol·L^-1 with detection limits of 2.7×10^-6 mol·L^-1 (signal-to-noise ratio of 3). Such MWCNTs-modified GCE was successfully applied for the determination of hydroquinone in simulated water samples and can be developed for the the detection of HQ.

Abstract: Gaussian process (GP) is a newly developed machine learning technology based on statistical theoretical fundamentals, which has successful application in the field of solving for highly nonlinear problems. Conventional methods for forecasting of non-point source pollutant load often meet great difficulty since relationship between pollutant load and its influencing factors is highly complicated nonlinear. A new method based on GP is proposed for forecasting of non-point source pollutant load. The monitoring data of a certain river since 1976 to 1990 are preformed to obtain the training samples and test samples. Nonlinear mapping relationship between non-point source pollutant load and its influencing factors can be constructed by GP learning with the training samples. The monitoring data of a certain river since 1991 to 1993 are preformed to testify the effects of the method above. The results of case studies show that the method is feasible, effective and simple to implement for forecasting of non-point source pollutant load. It has merits of self-adaptive parameters determination and better capacity for solving nonlinear small sample problems comparing with the artificial neural networks method and Support Vector Machine method. The good performance of GP model makes it very attractive for a wide range of application in environmental engineering.

Abstract: In order to solve the interference of CH₃COONa on measuring nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) concentration by ultra-violet (UV) spectrophotometric method, a series of tests were done. The solution with different concentrations of CH₃COONa was added respectively to a set of standard solutions, which the concentrations of NO₃^--N were already known, and the interference degrees of CH₃COONa on the measurement of NO₃^- by UV spectrophotometric method were examined. The results indicated that the interference degrees of CH₃COONa on the measurement of NO₃^--N concentrations were proportional to the concentrations of CH₃COONa in the standard solutions. Based on the tests, a set of correction curves was established, and the accurate NO₃^--N concentrations can be determined by the correction curves conveniently and quickly.

Abstract: It is a hazard to human health that urban atmospheric dustfall has increased year by year. The winter atmospheric dustfall in Linyi was studied in the paper, atmospheric dustfall carrying out heavy metal was determined by ICP-AES, and the sources of metal elements in the atmospheric dustfall was analyzed by enrichment factor method. The results showed that Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb and Hg elements in the atmospheric dustfall were significantly affected by man-made factors, and that As, Cr, Mn elements in the atmospheric dustfall were mainly derived from the crust. Meanwhile the results the sources of Zn, Cu, Pb and Hg in dustfall is closely related to coal and oil combustions, but that Cd elements in dust were deeply affected by soil

Abstract: Some waste rock piles create some problems such as acid mine drainage (AMD), leaching of heavy metals, and slope stability concerns. These problems are related to the flow of water through the rock pile. Understanding the physical and hydrological properties of the waste rock piles is important for flow and solute transport modeling. To study physical properties and unsaturated flow in rock pile, some soil samples were collected from surface of the large coal waste rock pile and tested for some common geotechnical parameters in the laboratory. The results showed that materials are so heterogeneous and highly supporting segregation and natural gravity sorting of waste rock materials from top to toe. Numerical simulation was performed to investigate the unsaturated flow conditions in the pile. The results obtained showed that pile is unable to fully saturate and drain during the simulated period. It was also found that high evaporation and also coarse grain nature of waste rock materials results holding few amounts of water in the system.

Abstract: From April to October 2012, eight species of bivalves were selected and 12 samples were chosen from each species of bivalve from by random sampling method in Dandong market. The heavy metal contents of Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Hg in the edible parts of the bivalves were determined by using incomplete digestion - AAS method, and the assessment on the pollution situation of the eight species of bivalves was made by using the single factor index method. The results showed that arca subcrenata was slightly polluted by As, and the pollution index was 0.51, and the other heavy metal contents in bivalves were lower than the pollution limit in the national standard of food safety. Therefore, the heavy metal accumulation ability in arca subcrenata was higher than in the other bivalves.

Abstract: From April to July 2012, four species of univalves were selected and 60 samples were chosen from each species of univalves by random sampling in Dandong market. The heavy metal contents of Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, total As and total Hg in the edible parts of the univalves were determined by using incomplete digestion - AAS method, and the assessment on the pollution situation of the four species of univalves was made by using the single factor index method. The results showed that bullacta exarata was slightly polluted by Zn, the pollution index was 0.65, and the edible value was threatened, which should be paid attention to. The heavy metal contents in the edible parts of the other univalves were far lower than the pollution limit of the national standard of food safety and the edible value was safe. The heavy metal accumulation ability in bullacta exarata is higher than in the other three species of univalves. Bullacta excta should be the biological indicator for the monitoring of heavy metal pollution.