Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: An overview of environmental protection technologies of modern lead-acid battery production is presented. Types of pollutants of lead acid battery in the production process are discussed and analyzed. Focusing on the different types of pollutants produced in different processes, and several environmental machines used in lead-acid battery are specifically introduced.

Abstract: Scale inhibitor is a medicament which has the properties of dispersing insoluble inorganic salt in water, and preventing or obstructing sediment and scaling of insoluble inorganic salt on metal surface. Research on the mechanism of scale inhibition can promote using and developing scale inhibitors. In this paper, the traditional macroscopic mechanism of scale inhibition was firstly analyzed, and it was also emphasized to introduce the research progress of quantization simulation technique on the mechanism of scale inhibition, and it was also suggested to combine the microstructure of scale crystal with quantization simulation technique to have a further study on the mechanism of scale inhibition.

Abstract: Describe the water pollution at present, the produce of industrial wastewater and its main characters. Find out the available methods to treat with the pollutants in PTA wastewater. For example: the physicochemical process, the Biological chemical process, the Bacterial film process and so on. Make up a whole fabrication processing.

Abstract: Wastewater reuse has drawn increasing attention worldwide as an integral part of water resource management due to increasing scarcity of freshwater resources and growing environmental awareness. At present, wastewater was mainly applied in agriculture irrigation in many countries. But wastewater reuse also will bring with a series of issues, such as environmental impacts and human being health risk. How to ensure sustainable wastewater reuse for irrigation is a very important issue. The essay analysed technique support and management strategy of sustainable wastewater reuse for irrigation.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to construct a turbulent aggregation device which has specific performance for fine particle aggregation in flue gas. The device consists of two cylindrical pipes and an array of vanes. The pipes extending fully and normal to the gas stream induce large scale turbulence in the form of vortices, while the vanes downstream a certain distance from the pipes induce small one. The process of turbulent aggregation was numerically simulated by coupling the Eulerian multiphase model and population balance model together with a proposed aggregation kernel function taking the size and inertia of particles into account, and based on data of particles’ size distribution measured from the flue of one power plant. The results show that the large scale turbulence generated by pipes favours the aggregation of smaller particles (smaller than 1μm) notably, while the small scale turbulence benefits the aggregation of bigger particles (larger than 1μm) notably and enhances the uniformity of particle size distribution among different particle groups.

Abstract: At present, many Chinese cities are suffering from hazy weather. Blue sky and white cloud have become a luxury. The frequent occurrence of haze has imposed different levels of impacts on people’s livelihood and work, and people are paying continual attention to air quality. How to resolve haze problem has become an important concern of many scholars nowadays. This paper makes an analysis on the formation mechanism of haze as well as the impact and hazard of haze on people’s livelihood, and than proposes a long-term mechanism for the treatment measures to haze.

Abstract: The objective of this study is employing acoustic coagulation to induce agglomeration of fine and ultrafine particles after wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) and analyzing its effectiveness and characteristic based on numerical simulation. Matters such as calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in WFGD can form very fine particles. Smoluchoski’s equation is employed as the simulating model. Orthokinetic coagulation, hydrodynamic coagulation and Brownian coagulation are taken into account to form the agglomeration kernel. An improved sectional arithmetic is introduced to achieve sectional size adjusting automatically according to the mass concentration of particles, so that section size is fine where the mass concentration is large to guarantee computational accuracy, but coarse where the mass concentration is small to save computation time. Besides, mass conservation rate is introduced to estimate the calculation error in the compute of mass concentration. Simulation results show that the overall number concentration decreased more than 40% after acoustic wave acting on the flue gas for 2 second; Increasing sound intensity level (SIL) is more effective to coagulation than increasing frequency; There exists an optimal acoustic wave frequency within 1500~2000Hz; Coarse particles are more sensitive to acoustic wave frequency than fine particles.

Abstract: The ammonia modified cotton stalks (CS) were utilized to adsorb the Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions from wastewaters, and the effect parameters (i.e. pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature) were also investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The maximum uptake was attained, i.e., 99.4% and 98.8%, respectively, for nickel and copper ions, under the optimum conditions (adsorbent dose: 10 g/L; pH: 6.0 (Ni²⁺), 5.0 (Cu²⁺); t: 75min; T: 20 °C) when the initial concentration of heavy metal ions was 20 mg/L. The adsorption process of nickel and copper ions on ammonia modified CS was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Abstract: A combined process of coagulation with Fenton oxidation was introduced to the advanced treatment of the secondary effluent of a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment process in northern China. Major factors affecting the treatment were investigated by lab-scale tests. The results showed that FeCl₃ was the best among the tested 4 coagulants, and its optimal dose and the initial pH for reaction were 175 mg/L and 7, respectively, at ambient temperature. After the coagulation, the wastewater was treated by Fenton oxidation. An excellent treatment efficiency was obtained with H₂O₂/Fe²⁺ (M/M) of 7.5 and H₂O₂ dosage of 10 mM/L at 20°C reacting for 60 min. For the influent with a COD of 170~200 mg/L and a TP of 6~9 mg/L, a COD removal and TP removal as high as 71.5% and 99.5%, respectively, could be reached after treated by the coagulation combined with the Fenton oxidation under the optimized condition. The final effluent could meet the requirement of Discharge Standards of Water Pollutants for Pharmaceutical Industry Fermentation Products Category (GB21903-2008).

Abstract: In this paper, the chitosan was prepared for treatment of electroplating wastewater. The influence of temperature, PH value, the amount of chitosan and mixing time on the effects of the wastewater treatment was investigated. The result showed that at PH=3, with the addition of 0.6g chitosan and 2h of mixing, the optimum wastewater treatment effect can be obtained. The removal rate of COD is above 80% and the adsorption rate of copper ion is above 99%. The decolourization ratio and the turbidity indicated that the treatment is effective.