Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: This document studies test methods on modification of activated carbon by potassium permanganate to adsorb Cu²⁺. Ensure all factors’ effects on Cu²⁺ removal. Use potassium permanganate solution to modify activated carbon, investigate main factors’ effects on Cu²⁺ removal and analyze mechanism by changing potassium permanganate solution concentration, adsorption time, activated carbon’s additive amount and temperature. The results show that modification of activated carbon by 0.03mol/L potassium permanganate solution (0.03K-GAC) can adsorb Cu²⁺ best. 0.03K-GAC’s removal rate on Cu²⁺ is 98% when the initial concentration of Cu²⁺ is 50mg/L, the additive amount of 0.03K-GAC is 2.0g, the pH value is 5.5, the temperature is 25°C and the adsorption time is 4h. Modification of activated carbon by potassium permanganate has good adsorbability on Cu²⁺. Potassium permanganate solution concentration, adsorption time and additive amount can influence the adsorption of Cu²⁺ by activated carbon. However, temperature’s influence on the effect of adsorption is non-significant.

Abstract: Experiment used the microwave and the adjustment of pH to modify corncob to adsorb heavy metal ions (Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺) from Water. In order to find out the best adsorption condition on the liquor which concentrations of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were 30 mg/L respective, the experiment used method of control variables and the modified corncob adsorption rate of Zn²⁺ was the reference index. The results indicated that when corncob diameter, dosage, absorbing time, shaking speed and the pH value of liquor zinc chloride were 1.5mm, 20mg/L, 30min, 180rpm and 6, respectively, the adsorption rate of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ reached the highest by 76.67% and 98.54%. The results showed that modified corncob adsorption rate of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were more than 80% and 98% at low concentrations. In conclusion, modified corncob had a good adsorption property of heavy metal ions in water.

Abstract: Based on the equipment of integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) with independent intellectual property rights. Plant biological membrane system (PBMS) was constructed to purify nitrogen of sanitary sewage. PBMS includes palm silk, non-woven and floating plant (Trifolium repens L.). Total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) was investigated to evaluate the effects of the layered purification and resistance to the outside impact. The results showed that layered purification occurred along the flowing vertical direction. The average removal rate of TN, NH₃-N and total dissolved solids was 65.6%, 60.7% and 38.7%, respectively. The TN and NH₃-N removal load of the lower, middle and upper layer were 1.0, 0.8, 0.7g/ (m².d) and 0.8, 0.8, 0.3g/ (m².d), respectively. The higher concentration of inflow the stronger resists impact load capability. The TN and NH₃-N average removal load of the lower, middle and upper layer were 4.1, 1.88, 1.57 times and 3.13, 1.25, 1 time than those of the stable phase, respectively.

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted for controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, focusing on the effect analysis of this mode with different fertilizations on profile soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen distributions and rice yield compared with the conventional irrigation mode. Results obtained showed that both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in soil profile were decreased with the increase of soil depth. Fast decrement of total nitrogen was found from surface 0-20 cm of soil layer and it reached the plateau below 40 cm of soil layer. Under the same fertilizer application, both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in surface soil layer were lower under controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode which reduced the loss risks of runoff and leaching of soil and fertilizer nitrogen. Controlled and mid-gathering irrigation reduced water comsumption and N pollutant discharge without significant changes in rice yield compared with conventional irrigation. Conjunction of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen.

Abstract: As one of China's traditional habits, setting off firecrackers during the holiday season has been going on for thousands of years, especially in north China. This paper selects the atmospheric environmental quality real-time data published by China environmental department, including the AQI, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. It shows that all pollutants have a rising trend during the Spring Festival period, especially from 20:00 at lunar 30^th to 4:00 at lunar New Year's Day. From the analysis on the cause, setting off firecrackers during the Spring Festival is the direct cause of the decline in air quality.

Abstract: Because of the special physic-chemical characters of the nitric oxides, controlling of the nitric oxides which shaped during combustion is a complex technology. In this paper, the advance in emission controlling technology of nitric oxide has been reviewed.Selective catalytic reaction of the nitric oxide(SCR) and plasma process in denitration of flue gas are emphasized.

Abstract: A new voltammetric sensor for the detection of ethylmalto was developed, based on the carbon nanotube ( CNT)/ITO modified electrode which allows for lower background current and more reproducible responses. The resulting sensor exhibits excellent redox activity towards ethylmalto. CNT/ITO electrodes were obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method .Further differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) experiments demonstrate that the oxidative peaks increased linearly with ethylmalto concentration in the range of 2.0×10^-6 to 8.0×10^-5 mol L^-1 with a linear equation of ip= 0.3428 + 0.7132C and coefficient of 0.994.

Abstract: Based on the investigation data of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay waters in April, July and October 1986, this paper tried to analysis the horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, and to reveal the pollution sources and transfer processes of Hg. Results showed that Jiaozhou Bay had been heavily polluted by Hg, whatever in different seasons. Hg in Jiaozhou Bay was mainly from point sources such as industrial waste and sewage runoff. The horizonal and vertical distributions of Hg content showed the transfer processes as, from estuaries to their outside and the bay mouth, and form surface waters to bottom waters, respectively. The water environmental capacity of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay had been unable to carry the emission load of Hg, and therefore the reduction of emission as well as the improvement of cyclic utilization ratio were the primary processes for Hg pollution prevention and reduction.

Abstract: Based on the investigation data of mercury (Hg) in waters in Jiaozhou bay during time peroids of 1979 to 1985 (absent of 1984), this paper tried to analysis the seasonal variations of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, to reveal the transfer process of Hg, and to provide basis for decision-making of pollution control. Results showed that, there was indistint seasonal variations of Hg content, due to anthropogenic discharge was the major source of Hg, which was not static, but depended on industrial adjustment. The land transfer process of Hg could be divided into three major processes: 1) human discharges of Hg to soil, waters, and atmosphere, etc., 2) Hg is washouted and delivered into streams, and 3) Hg is transferred to ocean via river channel runoff. In order to reconcile economic growth with environmental protection, we should have to improve the use ratio of Hg, and to reduce the discharge load of Hg.

Abstract: Based on air monitoring data during 1996-2011 in Nanchong city,analysis of atmospheric SO₂、NO₂ annual variation characteristics and laws, and quality evaluation. The results show that: the concentration of SO₂ decreased, and the small fluctuations in the range of SO₂ concentrations in recent 16 years of Nanchong City. Annual average of mass concentration of SO₂ more than 0.1 mg / m³ in 1996-2000, and not more than second level of "ambient air quality standard" GB3095-2012 in 2001-1011.The concentration of NO₂ fluctuated between 0.034 mg / m³ and 0.056 mg / m³ in 1996-2001, and are less than 0.040 mg / m³ 2002-2011.In the all, pollution of SO₂、NO₂ are reduced significantly through the treatment.