Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: Based on the results of SSM, regional natural endowment conditions, the stage of economic development and the industrial structure evolution determine the energy consumption structure, while the changes in total energy consumption determine the changes in amount of carbon emissions. Under the premise of the total energy consumption is determined, the optimization of energy consumption structure will reduce the carbon intensity (emissions per unit of GDP), that is to achieve low-input, low-emission energy, high output, which is the essence of the low carbon economic development model. Hebei Energy consumption is heavily dependent on coal; however, coal utilization efficiency is low and unit energy carbon emissions are huge, therefore, energy structure dominated by carbon-based energy is a long-term constraint of the development of low carbon economy. Energy consumption structure is composed of regional natural endowments, the stage of economic development and industrial structure, and it is difficult to change in the short term.

Abstract: The capacity of a large gas field is up to hundreds of billions of cubic metres, and percentage of the CO₂ volume in raw gas is 8%~10%. Estimated by survey data and empirical equations, over 60% of the total emission from the gas field can be absorbed and utilized by regional crops and vegetation, and nearly a million tons per year exhausted. Based on analysis of mechanism and effect of CO₂ influence on regional plants, soil and atmosphere, approaches for regional ecological restoration are put forward, including the approach of regional crops restoration, other plants restoration, ecological landscape reconstruction, and CO₂ reduction technologies. This study provides reference for sustainable development of other gas field in low carbon era.

Abstract: To study the influences of different factors on the removal of aniline and COD and find out the optimal process parameters of electro-Fenton method, pH value, the dosage of Fe²⁺ and electrolytic voltage were changed in this experiment. The results show that the removal of aniline and COD could reach to 93.24% and 81.41% respectively when the pH was 3, the dosage of Fe²⁺ was 1g•L^-1 and the electrolytic voltage was 15V. Consequently, electro-Fenton method is feasible as a treatment of aniline wastewater.

Abstract: Fibers reinforced polymers have received considerable attention from industry in recent years. Due to the sharp resources recovery, and the global demand for fiber materials, there has been growing interest in the use of the recycled glass fibers (RGF) as an alternative. This work focuses on comparing the RGF from nonmetals of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) and virgin milled glass fibers (MGF) as reinforcement fibers in polypropylene (PP). The results show that toughness, strength, and rigidity of the composites can be improved simultaneously by the addition the RGF into PP. Meanwhile, the effect of the RGF on PP matrix is slightly higher than that of the MGF. The morphology, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicates uniform dispersion of both types of the fibers in the PP matrix. Based on comprehensive consideration of the mechanical properties, thermal properties, economy and environment, the RGF could replace traditional MGF for producing PP plastic products and can bring a good economic benefit to enterprises. This would develop a new technique for meeting the demand of the glass fiber materials and resolving the environmental pollution.

Abstract: In this study, using solidified landfilled sludge (SLS) and its pyrolyzed produce (PSLS) as adsorbents, adsorption characteristics of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ onto SLS and PSLS was investigated. These results revealed that PSLS had more irregular pores and its surface roughness increased, and the surface area of PSLS was twice than that of SLS. Adsorption studies showed that adsorption capacity of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ increased with the increasing dosage of adsorbents, and the adsorption process of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ onto SLS or PSLS could be divided into the first rapid step and the second slower step. Based on Langmuir equation, the maximum limiting adsorption capacities of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ onto PSLS was much higher that onto SLS. Moreover, FTIR analysis showed that the adsorption of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ on SLS depended on active functional group such as hydroxy aldehydes while that relied on the groups such as C=C bond of aromatic rings, Si-O-Si or Si-O-C structures for PSLS.

Abstract: This paper analyzed a large-scale biogas plant in a meat-processing farm located in the Laiyang, the CSTR process was applied for production. Along with biogas production, this project also adopted a combined heat and power system. The system burns biogas for generating, but they also convert the waste heat into anaerobic reactor to promote the production of biogas.These comprehensive systems can provide heat, electricity and organic fertilizer, which can result in economic, social and energy saving benefits. Due to these benefits, the system is commonly used in China when dealed with large scale livestock biogas projects.

Abstract: For a long time, the garbage problem in rural areas does not get enough attention. In most rural areas, the construction of garbage disposal facilities is almost blank. Besides, the mechanism of garbage disposal is extremely inadequate, and the dirty and messy garbage pollution is widespread. This paper analyzes the situation of the rural household garbage disposal and the harm of household garbage, aiming to propose some countermeasures in order to solve the problem of household garbage pollution in rural areas.

Abstract: Taking a biogas plant in Yangxin city as an example, the paper introduced the technical mode of combined heat,power and biological desulphurization and evaluated the economic,social and ecological benefits.The results of FIRR proved the economic viability and promoted effects on the improvement of ecological environment. Finally, a summary of this development and the conditions in China are listed, expecting to provide references for the construction and design of farm biogas project.

Abstract: Printed circuit boards are part of computer and their compositions are quite varied, containing polymers, ceramics and metals. Bioleaching copper from the printed circuit boards (PCB) by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. f.) had been proved to be feasible in our recent work. The characteristics of the remainders of copper were carefully observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). It is found that the leaching pits were common on the surface of the leached copper and some crystal substances were also found on the surface. The EDS analysis was used to determine the elements of different area. The leaching pits area was consisted of copper and the crystal area was consisted of copper and oxygen. The surface shape of bioleached copper was compared with acid leaching copper and Fe3+ leaching copper. Different leaching method can get different morphology due to the different leaching mechanisms. The results can help us to understand the mechanism of the copper bioleaching by microorganism.

Abstract: The abandoned oil-based drilling fluid is a kind of water-in-oil system with high oil content, which has a significant recovery value. The effects of demulsifier dosage, heating temperature, ultrasonic time and centrifuge speed on the oil recycle were investigated in the chemical demulsification-ultrasonic treatment of oil-based drilling fluid. From the results of the experiment, BSF-L62 was a suitable reagent with the highest oil removal rate among the selected demulsifiers. The main influencing factors were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The oil removal rate was up to 76.9% under the optimal conditions of demulsifier dosage of 250 mg/L, heating temperature of 70 °C, ultrasonic time of 12.5 min and centrifuge speed of 7000 r/min.