Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: Night-soil pollution is a serious environmental and public health problem in highly populated and developing countries. Static and dynamic experiments were carried out to study the chroma and COD removal effect of night-soil sewage by ozone oxidation technique. The results show that, both the chroma and COD of night-soil sewage decrease with the growth of ozone dosage, and the chroma removal rate can be up to 90%, while the COD removal rate is less than 50%. The utilization efficiency of ozone decreases with the chroma reduction or the reactor diameter increasing. The appropriate diameter of ozonization reactor used in eco-friendly toilets is 150mm, and the optimal ozone dosage is 400mg/L.

Abstract: Modified bamboo charcoal was made by immersion with Nitric acid and heating at high temperatures. This paper compared the adsorption properties before and after modified bamboo charcoal which were used to treat the Cd²⁺ solution. The influencing factors such as solution pH, adsorption time, charcoal dosage, initial Cd²⁺ concentration, temperature were investigated. The results show that modified bamboo charcoal made by immersion with Nitric acid and heating at high temperatures improves the adsorption efficiency. The equilibrium of adsorption capacity is 6.65mg/g. Adding 15 g modified bamboo charcoal in every 1L Cd²⁺ solution, the removing rate of Cd²⁺ is above 99% after adsorbed 60min under pH from 4 to 8. The adsorption Cd²⁺ process with modified bamboo charcoal accords with similar secondary dynamic model. Langmuir isotherm equation is more suitable than the Freundlich equation to describe the adsorption Cd²⁺ process with modified bamboo charcoal. The adsorption Cd²⁺ process is exothermic and physical adsorption.

Abstract: Environmental problems have been caused by mining of ion-absorbed rare earth in South China, where chemical pollution in soil has been the most serious issues. There are rare earth mines in Longnan, Jiangxi Provence, South China as study object, where the investigation, sampling have been carried out and all samples were tested and analyzed. The results supported that key problems of polluted soil restoration in rare earth mining area are soil bad acidification and serious NH₄⁺-N,NO₃^--N,NO₂^--N pollution. Limited factors of polluted soil restoration of rare earth mining area are presented. It is believe that adjusting pH values and denitrifying of the polluted soil in rare earth mining area and revegetation are feasible plan for soil restoration in rare earth mining area.

Abstract: The methods of dosing composite microbial inoculants are used in vertical flow constructed wetlands for biofortification. The removal of the main pollution indicators by substrate microorganisms was studied. The results show that compared with the blank system, the number of bacteria and nitrifying bacteria was higher in the substrate of constructed wetland by biofortification. At the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of about 0.8 m³/(m²·d), relationship between total number of bacteria and the removal rate of COD was significant in Device A and Device B. Relationship with TP removal rate is not evident. Correlation between the number of nitrifying bacteria and TN removal rate was obvious. The biofortification is feasible on technology and economy.

Abstract: Plasticizer wastewater of high concentration was experimentally studied by the process of pretreatment of acidification demulsion and Fe-C micro-electrolysis and combined process of UASB and A/O aiming at the COD_Cr removal in this work. The result showed that the COD_Cr removal rate of pretreatment process arrived at 56.2% after Fe-C micro-electrolysis reaction of 160 min on the optimal condition of pH 3.5 of acidification demulsion and 1:1.2 of the Fe/C ratio, and meanwhile improved the biodegradability of wastewater. On the other hand, UASB-A/O process could afford 80~85% of the COD_Cr removal rate under the optimized condition of temperature 30~35 °C, HRT 48h, pH 6.5 for UASB and HRT of aerobic zone 10~12 h, DO of about 3mg/L for A/O basin. The whole system could run at the total COD_Cr removal rate of 94.53~96.36%, and the system effluent COD_Cr was 500 mg/L or less.

Abstract: For accurate test on the influence factors of nitrogen removal in constructed wetland technology, experiment to simulate the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland processing of central drainage water in Shenyang Architecture University, mainly analysis the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The results show that we ultimately determine the influencing factors on the removal rate of nitrogen effect model by analyzing the data through multiple linear regression method. It is proved that the prediction results were exact, and can be used to guide the eutrophic landscape water body treatment and pollution control field Construction of constructed wetland technology in China.

Abstract: Experimental study on the ultrasonic, Fenton law separate and composite handle direct blue-B2RL dyeing wastewater of main influence factors and treatment effect. Experimental results show that ultrasonic Fenton recombination method > Fenton> ultrasound treatment effect alone . Complex legal pH values, while ultrasonic-Fenton ultrasonic radiation dosing the amount of H₂O₂ and time and other factors were studied to determine the best experimental conditions.The best experimental conditions is :the dosing the amount of H₂O₂ 3ml/L, pH=3.

Abstract: With the increased attention on urban water environment, the treatment of initial rainwater is also being concentrated on. This article analyses the initial rainwater treatment in the city through the actual project and hopes to be able to make an effort for the improvement of urban water environment situation.

Abstract: Fine dust in the atmosphere is one of the key factors causing air pollution as well as fog and haze. Due to the limited efficiency of fine dust collection in conventional dust removal technology, pre-charged dust coagulation between particles to increase the effective collecting diameter, is an effective way to improve the dust collection efficiency. Currently, coagulation technology research falls into three mainly aspects: electric coagulation technology in constant electric field, alternating electric field and pulsed electric fields. The advantages and disadvantages as well as the research status and trends are fully analyzed in this paper, of which the technology that uses alternating or pulsed power supply for pre-charge device has more advantages and efficiency in coagulation. They will improve the efficiency of electric coagulation in further on the improved airflow pole with form and structure and the technical development of alternating or pulsed powers, which will make the coagulation and filtration technologies and new composite technology an important development direction of fine dust governance.

Abstract: The establishment of nature reserves is critical for saving endangered wild animal species, however, most of the reserves are separated by human settlements in China. It is unknown that how those animals inside the reserve adapted to the isolated environment in habitat use and dispersal. We studied red deer seasonal home range and dispersal by radio-tracking from 2006 to 2011 at Saihanwula Biosphere Reserve, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that home range sizes of female deer had seasonal differences with the smallest range in autumn and largest in spring which was different from home range variation of red deer in Europe. Home ranges overlapped between female deer, particularly in autumn and winter seasons. A young male showed dispersal behavior, several times during dispersal period it tried to find suitable habitat outside of the reserve. Our results indicated that a connected nature reserve network is needed to protect wild ungulates in China.