Advanced Materials Research Vols. 962-965

Abstract: Against the problem of calculating gas content rapidly, this article studied the desorption characteristics of coal by measuring the characteristic parameters of coal in the laboratory. With the actually measured amount of desorption and the desorption rule of the coal within the first 30min, through theoretical derivation and Multiple Linear Regression, the gas content desorbs within the first 120min and the residual amount after a 120min of coal desorption is studied and confirmed Based on the rapid determination model of gas content in the coal seam is established, and the new model is verified, whose accuracy rate reaches above 85%. If relevant electronic equipments were made, this method would be able to give a result within 40min, thereby realizing the rapid determination of gas content in the coal seam within the gas belt.

Abstract: The compound balance method is put forward to overcome the defect of conventional beam-pumping unit. The theory of secondary balance system is introduced. The CAD and ADAMS software are used to build up virtual prototype of pumping unit. The simulation result proves that the method can keep the advantage of beam pumping-unit and eliminate negative torque of crank shaft completely. The systematic efficiency increases effectively.

Abstract: Three principal mango cultivars (Yuexi No.1, Tainong No.1 and Guifei) grown in Guangdong province in China were selected, and their chemical composition, nutritional ingredients including fatty acid and amino acid, and bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids were characterized and compared. The results showed the mango seeds had high moisture content (64.74-71.84%) and crude fibre content (50.86-60.62%), and the seeds of Yuexi No.1 had the lowest content of protein (1.21%), total lipid (1.47%), total sugar (2.79%), and highest content of Ca (537.02 mg/100 g), Na (22.60 mg/100 g), Zn (6.13 mg/100 g), Fe (17.02 mg/100 g) compared with the other two cultivars. The total amino acid (AA) in Guifei seeds (4.33%) was the highest, but the proportion of essential AA was the lowest. Seven fatty acid compounds were found in the three varieties. Moreover, Tainong No.1 had highest content of total phenolics (10.82%) followed with Guifei (1.86%) and Yuexi No.1 (1.06%), while the flavonoid content of Tainong No.1 was 2.71%, higher than Yuexi No.1 (0.37%) and Guifei (0.70%).

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of the long production cycle and low yield of traditional inositol production process, we made several researches based on the traditional process. We experimented on the following methods to obtain a high yield qualified products: microwave-assisted phytin extraction, ion-exchange resin phytic acid absorption, elution of weak alkaline into phytate, atmospheric pressure enzymatic hydrolysis of phytate, ion exchange resin filtration, bleaching, further concentration, crystallization and refinement of hydrolysate.

Abstract: To research the characteristics of rice bran oil ( RBO) and identify RBO from vegetable oils,33 kinds of rice were collected from China, the fatty acids of rice bran oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, camellia oleosa seed oil were analyzed by Gas Chromatography, the contents were determinated by area normalization method. Fingerprint of RBO is bulid, the similarity of chromatographic fingerprint (SCF) is over 0.998, means that different RBO have the same fatty acid gas chromatographic fingerprint feature. The composition and content are different in the 7 vegetable oils ,that contribute to determinate the adulteration of inexpensive oils to RBO based on SCF. Main fatty acids in peanut oil are palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid. The characteristic fatty acid is behenic acid C22:0. Main fatty acids in soybean oil are palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid. Proportion of C18:3 is much higher than in RBO when C18:1 is lower obviously. Main fatty acids in cottonseed oil are palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid. Proportion of C16:0 is much higher than in RBO and C18:1 lower . Main fatty acids in palm oil are palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid. Decanoic acid C10:0 is one of the characteristic fatty acids ,and C16:0 is much higher than in RBO. Main fatty acids in rapeseed oil are palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, erucic acid.C22:1 is the characteristic fatty acid when little or zero in other oils. Main fatty acids in camellia oleosa seed oil are palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid.C18:1 is much higher than RBO.

Abstract: An effective method for decolorization of the polysaccharides from Lethariella spp. was studied. Decolorization rate was used as an indicator in the experiment, single factor text and orthogonal experiment was used to get the optimal conditions, the single factor experiment was carried out with temperature at 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, 65°C, and 75°C, the activated carbon added at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%, and time at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30min, respectively. The optimal conditions of Lethariella spp. clarification using activated carbon were carried out to get the optimal conditions (the temperature at 55°C, the activated carbon added at 1%, and time was 25 min, and the decolorization rate could reach 57.56 %).

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the protective role of polysaccharide from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino (PGP) supplementation against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress. A total of 48 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose PGP supplementation groups. The control group received distilled water and the supplementation groups received different doses of PGP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) by gavage once a day for 28 consecutive days. After 28 days, the mice performed an exhaustive swimming exercise, and some biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. The results showed that PGP supplementation could increase SOD, GPx and CAT contents, as well as decrease MDA contents in the liver and skeletal muscle of mice, which suggests that PGP supplementation has a protective role against exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Abstract: Under the condition of nine kinds of storage, In this thesis, through the determination of acid value of soybean oil, to search for the best storage condition, used to prevent the soybean oil acid value rise, through the analysis of the acid value data, We find the best storage condition, is 0°C, 6% moisture content, and PVC plastic wrap packaging.

Abstract: In order to survey the stability of carotenoids in Russula alutacea extraction. The survival rate of total carotenoid content in extract was determined under different conditions, including different light, temperature, metal ions, different pH solution, oxidizing and reducing agents. The results showed that all of these conditions could affect the stability of carotenoids in the extraction. The carotenoids were sensitive to sunlight and degraded rapidly in direct sunlight. The carotenoids had a greater loss with the increasing temperature. Acid environment may cause the carotenoids loss, but the carotenoids were relatively stable under alkaline environment. While zinc and ferric ions (Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺), especially Fe³⁺, could obviously destroy carotenoids. In all, the reducing agent had certain protective effect on the stability of carotenoids. So when using or saving the carotenoids, it was necessary to be dark, low temperature and neutral condition, and avoided using copper and ferric ware. The results will provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of carotenoids from R. alutacea in Yunnan.

Abstract: This study aimed to use the Chemometrics approach, namely cluster analysis (CA), discriminant analysis (DA) and Vectorial Angle Method (VAM) to analyze palm oil in rice bran oil (RBO). RBO was extracted from fresh rice bran in China and palm oil from Malaysia. Simulated adulteration of palm oil in RBO was designed and the amounts of fatty acid content under different adulteration were detected by gas chromatography (GC). DA and CA were used for the classification of RBO and RBO mixed with palm oil based on GC data. The VAM was exploited for the quantification of palm in RBO. The clustering analysis showed that no misclassification for RBO and RBO mixed with palm oil when adulteration is over 9%, and discriminant analysis reached a maximum classification accuracy of 100%.