Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 105

Abstract: Railway transportation is one of the largest transportation networks in India, which conveys 23 million of commuters everyday mainly due to low cost of payment and nonexistence of any traffic difficulties. Even though there are locomotives with automatic doors, the negligence of both drivers and passengers often results in tragedy. Footboard accidents are occurred frequently due to lack of awareness, non- availability of trains often and sometimes unforeseen reasons by nature. In the proposed system, an arduino based accident prevention module is developed which detects and alert the person standing near footboards of the locomotives. It is spotted by the ultrasonic sensor that transmits and receives signals and there by communicate it to the loco pilot. The power for the proposed system is taken from the locomotive and it is controlled by the android based smart phones with the special app inbuilt in the system.

Abstract: Radio astronomy telescope can get information from invisible universe by receiving electromagnetic waves. Difference from optical telescopes, there exists many difficulties for making the public understanding the radio astronomy phenomenon. In this paper, we will introduce a new platform for radio astronomy science popularization education in order to help public know radio telescope and radio astronomy. The platform consists of a 0.8meter parabolic antenna, a wide bandwidth low noise amplifier (LNA) and a Software Defined Radio (SDR) terminal. Based on SDR terminal which covers the band from 70MHz to 6GHz, we can get some strong emissions such as the Neutral hydrogen, solar radio bursts and so on in this band. People can carry out many radio astronomy experiments focusing on science popularization by this platform. This new science education tool can interest high school students in science and technology, also students can understand how radio telescopes works.

Abstract: Magnetorheological braking devices function due to the organization of domain structures between liquid and solid magnetic materials under the action of an electromagnetic or magnetic field. The disc is most widely used as a rotating braking element that made of a solid magnetic material due to the large area of contact with a magnetorheological fluid. Many factors affect the braking characteristics of the magnetorheological disc brake. Specifically, the value of the magnetic field and how the field is distributed across the work element is significantly affected at the braking torque. There are different ways to generate a magnetic field. In this study, the method of installation of permanent magnets into the construction, allowing to increase the braking torque of the magnetorheological disc brake is proposed. Simulation modelling showing the distribution of the magnetic field across the disk depending on the installation of permanent magnets with different pole orientations were carried out. The model takes into account the possibility of increasing the gap between solid magnetic materials of the structure, inside them which the magnetorheological fluid is placed. Comparative estimation of the distribution of the magnetic fields depending on the chosen method of installation of permanent magnets with different orientations of their poles is carried out. Further research is planned to focus on a comparative assessment of the distribution of magnetic fields depending on the selected material of the braking chamber.

Abstract: Pneumatic soft actuators can change their shapes under pneumatic pressure actuation and are capable of continuous bending. However, the air chambers inside will expand during the actuation process and cause nonlinear problems. Therefore pneumatic actuators are difficulties to model. In this paper, three types of bending actuators with different air chamber shapes are designed and the finite element model (FEM) is developed to simulate the deformation under different air pressure actuation. A prototype of the bending actuator is fabricated and a method to limit the expansion of the air chamber is designed based on the FEM results, which can effectively improve the expansion and the response of the actuator under low air pressure conditions through experimental comparison.

Abstract: In this study, we design and fabricate a fully flexible angular displacement sensor and a corresponding fish-shaped soft pneumatic actuator. We describe the design and fabrication process of the sensor and fabricate a corresponding physical object to apply it to the soft pneumatic actuator. Material experiments with silicone rubber were also conducted to obtain the linear relationship in its small deformation range. Through the theoretical analysis of the designed angular displacement sensor, a linear relationship between the bending angle of the soft pneumatic actuator and the resistance of the angular displacement sensor was obtained. And a bending angle visual measurement platform was built for experimental verification. The results show that the experimental results are consistent with the theory, and the designed angular displacement sensor has a good linear relationship when applied to a fish-shaped soft pneumatic actuator.

Abstract: In this paper, the structural strain of the beam shear stress sensor is optimized, and the average strain of the strain sensor is simulated by Ansys Workbench. Firstly, the mathematic model of the beam sensor is established, and the stress and strain of the model are analyzed theoretically. Secondly, the finite element modeling of the sensor is carried out, and the finite element simulation of Ansys Workbench is carried out. The key dimensions of strain measurement are studied by parameter driven. Then the simulation results show that the effect of the production patch error on the output is quantitatively analyzed. Finally, the feasibility of mathematical model theory and finite element simulation is verified by calibration experiment.

Abstract: The working principle of ring capacitance sensor is introduced, that is capacitance fringe effect. Finite element model is established through the Hybrid-Trefftz algorithm. Electric field analysis and simulation calculation of different sensor model are done with the finite element software ANSYS, and the optimal structure combination is obtained. And followed the example of optimal structure, the relation of dielectric constant and electric field intensity were given. The result of simulation shows the most direct and the most important two parameters that affect the sensor performance in the design of the ring capacitance sensor are the two electrodes spacing and the length. The dielectric constant of measured medium is smaller, the intensity of electric field intensity is greater. The simulation for subsequent product design has a good theoretical guidance.

Abstract: The escalator intelligent design method with variable engineering parameters is proposed in this study by integrating the escalator parametric design and data-driven modeling method, in which, the developed intelligent design method provides efficient improvements in the solving the problems of escalator parametric intelligent layout and automatic modeling under different engineering conditions, for instance, different lifting heights and various station floor heights. Unlike other works in the literature, aiming to integrate the information collected by different equipment, the methods of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) expansion and Dynamo parametric data acquisition platform is introduced to develop the BIM 4D model. The computational result in the case study and applications show that, a big data system for enabling visualization, monitoring, and warning of escalator operations is developed in this work, which can provide real-time monitoring and safety warning during the design, construction and operation stage of escalator operations.

Abstract: Recent neural network research has demonstrated a significant benefit in machine learning compared to conventional algorithms based on handcrafted models and features. In regions such as video, speech and image recognition, the neural network is now widely adopted. But the high complexity of neural network inference in computation and storage poses great differences on its application. These networks are computer-intensive algorithms that currently require the execution of dedicated hardware. In this case, we point out the difficulty of Adders (MOAs) and their high-resource utilization in a CNN implementation of FPGA .to address these challenge a parallel self-time adder is implemented which mainly aims at minimizing the amount of transistors and estimating different factors for PASTA, i.e. field, power, delay.

Abstract: The network of public opinion in self-media has played a significant role in social security and stability and has become the dominant force in the current public opinion field. The traditional media sensations are being gradually replaced by the self-media consensus as represented by new media platforms such as We-chart and Weibo, and this is due to the development of wireless network technology and the proliferation of smartphone users. Therefore, this paper discusses the small-world network attributes of public communications in self-media by addressing the criteria of small-world network communications. It constructs the energy model of public communications in a self-media network, introduces the thermal energy calculation equation, takes the “Liu Guo Liang’s resignation event” as an example and simulates the evolutionary process of public communications in a self-media network. The experimental results show that the key users in self-media play critical roles in the evolution of hot topics and promote the evolution of public communications in self-media. Furthermore, the peak of the self-media consensus dissemination is affected by the initial heats and transmission probabilities of hot topics. All these factors promote the polarization of public opinion transmissions in a self-media network.