Paper Titles
Low-Temperature Firing of Clay Tiles Incorporating Waste Glass, Sediment Soil, Volcanic Soil and Local Illite Clay
p.91
Eco-Friendly Non-Fired Tiles by Utilizing Waste Glass and Limestone Dust
p.101
Preliminary Study on CO2 Sequestration in High-Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Cement via Direct Air CO2 Capture
p.111
Comprehensive Review on Numerical Modelling on Crack and Fracture in Concrete
p.117
The Effect of the Member Thickness of the Platform Jacket on the Strength and Fatigue Life: Case Study of the Four-Legged Jacket Offshore Platform
p.131
Optimizing Seismic Performance in Steel Beam-Column Connections: The Contribution of Cover Plates in RBS Configurations
p.141
Preparation of Vegetable Waste-Derived Paper Incorporated with Activated Carbon for Delay Mango Ripening and Its Application
p.153
Biodegradable Properties of PVA/AKD Incorporated with ZnO Nanoparticles for Food Packaging Application
p.161
Development of Functional Fish Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Films Reinforced with Astaxanthin-Rich Oil Extracted from Penaeus Monodon Byproducts via Green NADES-Ultrasonication
p.167

Optimizing Seismic Performance in Steel Beam-Column Connections: The Contribution of Cover Plates in RBS Configurations

Article Preview

Abstract:

This study presents a comparative evaluation of four steel beam-to-column connection configurations—Conventional (CONV), Cover Plate (CP), Reduced Beam Section (RBS), and a hybrid Reduced Beam Section with Cover Plate (RBSCP)—under cyclic loading conditions, with particular emphasis on hysteresis behavior and energy dissipation capacity. Finite element simulations were performed up to 6% story drift to evaluate each model’s performance against the seismic demand limits prescribed in ASCE/SEI 41-17. All configurations demonstrated adequate ductility for moderate to severe seismic events. The CONV model underperformed in both energy dissipation and stiffness retention, producing narrower hysteresis loops and exhibiting earlier stiffness degradation. In contrast, the CP connection achieved the highest energy dissipation and moment strength at all drift levels, attributed to the increased flange stiffness from the cover plates. The RBS model exhibited stable, well-balanced hysteresis loops with slightly lower strength but effective energy dissipation, benefiting from the intentional relocation of the plastic hinge away from the column face. The RBSCP connection combined the advantages of strength and ductility, sustaining broad and stable hysteresis loops with minor asymmetry between the positive and negative directions. Although it did not surpass CP in peak strength, RBSCP offered a well-balanced seismic performance. Envelope curve analysis revealed distinct differences in stiffness and degradation patterns. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid configurations such as RBSCP, with further geometric optimization recommended to enhance consistency and reliability.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Sustainable and Energy Materials, Engineering Materials and their Characteristics View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1053)

Pages:

141-149

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-F8RppB

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

May 2026

Authors:

Cintantya Budi Casita*, Budi Suswanto, Data Iranata, Aniendhita Rizki Amalia, Masahide Matsumura, Shinya Watanabe, Tchabremane Jean De La Croix Kombate

Keywords:

Cover Plate, Cyclic Loading, RBSCP Connection, Reduced Beam Section, Seismic Performance, Steel Connections

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] B. Suswanto, A. R. Amalia, E. Wahyuni, and N. Al Farisy, "Comparison of WF & tubular links on the eccentrically brace frame system due to cyclic loads," Int J Adv Sci Eng Inf Technol, vol. 8, no. 3, p.799–804, 2018.

DOI: 10.18517/ijaseit.8.3.4337

Google Scholar

[2] A. R. Amalia and D. Iranata, "Alternative design of post-earthquake temporary housing in Indonesia," Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 8, no. 3, p.289–296, Jun. 2020.

DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080312

Google Scholar

[3] B. Suswanto, F. Ghifari, Y. Tajunnisa, and D. Iranata, "Retrofitting Bolted Flange Plate (BFP) Connections Using Haunches and Extended End-Plates," Civil Engineering Journal (Iran), vol. 10, no. 8, p.2450–2470, Aug. 2024.

DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-08-03

Google Scholar

[4] C. E. Sofias, C. N. Kalfas, and D. T. Pachoumis, "Experimental and FEM Analysis of Reduced Beam Section Moment Endplate Connections under Cyclic Loading," Eng Struct, vol. 59, p.320–329, 2014.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.010

Google Scholar

[5] C. B. Casita et al., "Post-northridge Welded Connections to Concrete Filled Steel Tube Columns: An Advancement in Seismic Performance," in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025, p.1002–1012.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-96-5654-7_91

Google Scholar

[6] A. R. Amalia, B. Suswanto, H. Kristijanto, and D. Irawan, "Numerical Study on the Behaviour of Reduced Beam Section Presence in Rectangular Concrete Filled Tubes Connection," in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Institute of Physics Publishing, Feb. 2018.

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/953/1/012006

Google Scholar

[7] A. Saleh, S. R. Mirghaderi, and S. M. Zahrai, "Cyclic testing of tubular web RBS connections in deep beams," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 117, p.214–226, 2016.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.10.020

Google Scholar

[8] L. Qi, R. T. Leon, M. R. Eatherton, and J. L. Paquette, "Parametric Investigation on the Design of RBS Moment Connections with Jumbo Beams and Columns," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 177, p.106436, 2021.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106436

Google Scholar

[9] S. Paul and S. K. Deb, "Experimental Study on A New V-cut RBS and CFT Connections with Bidirectional Bolts under Cyclic Loadings," Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 46, no. October 2021, p.103688, 2022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103688

Google Scholar

[10] C. B. Casita, D. Iranata, B. Suswanto, and M. Matsumura, "Determining the Optimal Cutting Geometry of RBS Connection to Enhance Seismic Behavior in Steel Moment Frames," in Advances in Civil Engineering Materials, E. M. Nia and M. Awang, Eds., Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024, p.99–109.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-0751-5_10

Google Scholar

[11] K. D. Tsavdaridis and T. Papadopoulos, "A FE parametric study of RWS beam-to-column bolted connections with cellular beams," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 116, p.92–113, 2016.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.08.046

Google Scholar

[12] M. A. Morshedi, K. M. Dolatshahi, and S. Maleki, "Double reduced beam section connection," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 138, p.283–297, 2017.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.07.013

Google Scholar

[13] A. Imanpour, S. Torabian, and S. R. Mirghaderi, "Seismic design of the double-cell accordion-web reduced beam section connection," Eng Struct, vol. 191, no. March, p.23–38, 2019.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.04.023

Google Scholar

[14] M. Davarpanah, H. Ronagh, P. Memarzadeh, and F. Behnamfar, "Cyclic behaviour of elliptical-shaped reduced web section connection," Structures, vol. 24, no. February, p.955–973, 2020.

DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2020.02.016

Google Scholar

[15] A. Mansouri, M. R. Shakiba, and E. Fereshtehpour, "Two novel corrugated web reduced beam section connections for steel moment frames," Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 43, no. May, p.103187, 2021.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103187

Google Scholar

[16] H. Nazaralizadeh, H. Ronagh, P. Memarzadeh, and F. Behnamfar, "Cyclic performance of bolted end-plate RWS connection with vertical-slits," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 173, p.106236, 2020.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106236

Google Scholar

[17] H. Qiao, J. Xia, Y. Chen, C. Chen, and J. Zheng, "A Novel Principle for Improving Collapse Resistance of Steel Frame Structures," J Constr Steel Res, vol. 196, no. July, p.107408, 2022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107408

Google Scholar

[18] O. Yilmaz and S. Bekiroglu, "Seismic Performance of Post-Northridge Welded Connections," Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 15, no. 2, 2018.

DOI: 10.1590/1679-78254574

Google Scholar

[19] C. B. Casita, B. Suswanto, and I. Komara, "Analytical Study of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Tubes (RCFT) Connections using Finite Element Analysis under Cyclic Loading," Trends in Sciences, vol. 19, no. 17, Sep. 2022.

DOI: 10.48048/tis.2022.5746

Google Scholar

[20] L.-J. Jia and H. Kuwamura, "Prediction of Cyclic Behaviors of Mild Steel at Large Plastic Strain Using Coupon Test Results," Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 140, no. 2, 2014.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000848

Google Scholar

[21] ANSI/AISC 341-22, "Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings," 2022.

Google Scholar