Paper Titles
Characterization of Hypereutectic and Hypoeutectic Zn-Al Alloys before and after Ti-B Microalloying
p.43
Innovative 3D-Printed Tantalum Patches for Non-Destructive Repair of Enamelled Reactors
p.61
Evaluation of Statistical Learning Methods for FFF 3D Printing Problems
p.71
Reverse Engineering and Digital Manufacturing Using 3D Scanning and Printing
p.79
Statistical Modeling of Geometric Accuracy of FDM Printing for Machine Design Applications
p.91
Dynamic Thermal Aging Testing in Aqueous Systems with Polymer-Amended Waste K+- Rich Bentonite Composites: Water-Based Drilling Fluid Application
p.105
Thermal Gravimetric Characterization of Dynamic Thermal Aged Polymer-Modified K+- Rich Bentonite Composites in Aqueous Environment: Water-Based Drilling Fluid Application
p.115
Chemical and Physical Characterization of Mine Tailings for Application as Fillers in Modified Asphalts
p.127
Thermal Induced Microstructural Changes in Calcined Bauxite-Enhanced Ultra-High Performance Concrete
p.137

Statistical Modeling of Geometric Accuracy of FDM Printing for Machine Design Applications

Article Preview

Abstract:

The aim of the research was to statistically model the geometric accuracy and surface roughness of parts manufactured using the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printing process. Data were collected using various measurement methods (caliper, micrometer, 3D scanner, roughness tester). Based on the measurement results, several tables were created in which the deviation of the measured values from the nominal values was characterized using statistical metrics. From these, various summary tables were created, which were then used to examine the deviations and make comparisons. Deviations from the CAD model and shape tolerances were determined using 3D-scanned geometry software. The aim is to establish recommended maximum tolerances for the 3D printing technology examined in the research based on the geometric deviations.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Additive Manufacturing, Structural Alloys and Advanced Construction Materials View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1060)

Pages:

91-102

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-A3bZfT

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

July 2026

Authors:

Richárd Garay, Dániel Nemes*

Keywords:

3D Printing, 3D Scanning, FDM, GD&T

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] Horvath, Joan. (2014). Mastering 3D Printing.

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4842-0025-4

Google Scholar

[2] Horvath, Joan & Cameron, Rich. (2020). Mastering 3D Printing: A Guide to Modeling, Printing, and Prototyping.

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4842-5842-2

Google Scholar

[3] Y.L. Yap & W.Y. Yeong (2014) Additive manufacture of fashion and jewellery products: a mini review, Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 9:3, 195-201.

DOI: 10.1080/17452759.2014.938993

Google Scholar

[4] Liaw, Chya-Yan & Guvendiren, Murat. (2017). Current and emerging applications of 3D printing in medicine. Biofabrication. 9. 024102.

DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa7279

Google Scholar

[5] Bhaduri, Srinjita & Tovar, Jesús & Kane, Shaun. (2017). Fabrication Games: Using 3D Printers to Explore New Interactions for Tabletop Games. 51-62.

DOI: 10.1145/3059454.3059463

Google Scholar

[6] Fan Yang, Min Zhang & Bhesh Bhandari (2015): Recent Development in 3D Food Printing, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.

DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1094732

Google Scholar

[7] Wei, Xiaofeng & Zhang, Siwei & Sun, Lingli & Zhao, Xinyu & Sun, Mengchen & Yu, Run & Zhou, Xingwen & Li, Yuhang. (2025). Geometric Accuracy and Dimensional Precision in 3D Printing-Based Gear Manufacturing: A Study on Interchangeability and Forming Precision. Polymers. 17. 416.

DOI: 10.3390/polym17030416

Google Scholar

[8] L. Borbás, Felépítés elvű (additív) gyártástechnológiák a gépészetben, Budapest, Magyarország: Magyar Mérnöki Kamara, Gépészeti Tagozat, 2017.

Google Scholar

[9] Doshi, Manav & Mahale, Ameya & Singh, Suraj & Deshmukh, Samadhan. (2021). Printing parameters and materials affecting mechanical properties of FDM-3D printed Parts: Perspective and prospects. Materials Today: Proceedings. 50.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.10.003

Google Scholar

[10] J. Prusa, Basics of 3D Printing with Josef Prusa, Prusa Research, 2019.

Google Scholar

[11] S. Shaikh, P. Nahar, S. Y. Shaikh, A. J. Sayed és M. A. Habibullah, "Current perspectives of 3D printing in dental applications", Braz. Dent. Sci., vol. 24, no. 3, Jul./Sep. 2021.

DOI: 10.14295/bds.2021.v24i3.2481

Google Scholar

[12] Ultimaker, Ultimaker 3 – Felhasználói kézikönyv (v1.0), magyar nyelvű kiadás, https://um-support-files.ultimaker.com/manuals/user-manual/UM3/Ultimaker%203%20-%20User%20manual%20HU%20v1.0.pdf (accessed: May 28, 2025).

Google Scholar

[13] Rupal, Baltej Singh. (2021). Geometric Tolerance Quantification and Prediction Framework for Additive Manufacturing Processes.

Google Scholar

[14] Agarwal, Krishna & Shubham, Pritish & Bhatia, Dinesh & Sharma, Prairit & Vaid, Harshal & Vajpeyi, Ritam. (2021). Analyzing the Impact of Print Parameters on Dimensional Variation of ABS specimens printed using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Sensors International. 3. 100149.

DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100149

Google Scholar

[15] Rebaioli, Lara & Fassi, Irene. (2017). A review on benchmark artifacts for evaluating the geometrical performance of additive manufacturing processes. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 93.

DOI: 10.1007/s00170-017-0570-0

Google Scholar

[16] Pollák, Martin & Sabol, Dominik & Goryl, Karol. (2024). Measuring the Dimension Accuracy of Products Created by 3D Printing Technology with the Designed Measuring System. Machines. 12. 884.

DOI: 10.3390/machines12120884

Google Scholar

[17] GOM GmbH, ATOS Core 3D Scanner – Product Brochure https://scanare3d.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/GOM_Brochure_ATOS_Core_EN.pdf (accessed: Aug. 5, 2025).

Google Scholar

[18] Rachakonda, P., Muralikrishnan, B. and Sawyer, D. (2019), Sources of Errors in Structured Light 3D Scanners, SPIE Defense and Commercial Sensing 2019, Baltimore, MD, US, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=927473 (accessed: Aug. 11, 2025).

DOI: 10.1117/12.2518126

Google Scholar

[19] Onyia, Tobias & Olarinoye, I. (2025). Advancements and Challenges in 3D Scanning: A Comprehensive Review of Engineering Applications. African Journal of Advances in Science and Technology Research. 18., doi: 191-206.

DOI: 10.62154/ajastr.2025.018.010640

Google Scholar

[20] ISO 286-1:2010. Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes – Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits.

DOI: 10.3403/30198832

Google Scholar

[21] ISO 286-2:2010. Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes – Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations.

DOI: 10.3403/30163095

Google Scholar

[22] F. Boór, Gyártási tűrések elemzése és kapcsolata a folyamatszabályozással. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2019. ISBN 978-963-454-340-4.

DOI: 10.1556/9789634543404

Google Scholar

[23] F. Háromi és G. Kovácsné, Gépszerkezettan I. Győr: Universitas-Győr Nonprofit Kft.

Google Scholar