New Processing Method of Kaolin-Based Geopolymer Brick by Using Geopolymer Brick Machine

Abstract:

With increased activity in construction, deficiency of building materials and construction waste improvements have encouraged the development of new building materials. Conventional construction bricks are usually made from clay and sand, which are mixed and molded in various method and need to be dried and burned. Geopolymer bricks making process consume less energy and low cost in term of production compared to conventional bricks. The development of geopolymer brick is an important step towards produce bricks with better performance and environmental friendly material This research focusing on the processing process of the clay-based geopolymer brick from the mixing until the curing by using a geopolymer brick making machine.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volumes 594-595)
• Pages: 406-410
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.594-595.406
• Online since: December 2013
• Authors: Md Tahir Muhammad Faheem, A.M. Mustafa Al Bakri, Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali, Hussin Kamarudin, Ahmad Mohd Izzat, Alida Abdullah
• Keywords: Alkaline Activator, Brick, Clay, Geopolymer, Kaolin, Masonry Brick, Non-Loadbearing

References

[1] Habert, G., d'Espinose de Lacaillerie, J.B., Roussel, N. in: An environmental evaluation of geopolymer based concrete production: reviewing current research trends. Journal of Cleaner Production 19 (11), 1229e1238 (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.03.012

[2] W. I. Wan Mastura, H. Kamarudin, I. Khairul Nizar, A. M. Mustafa Al Bakri, M. BnHussain in: Effect of Curing System on Properties of Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Bricks, Int. Review of Mech. Eng; Vol. 7, N1. ISSN 1970-8734 (2013).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.937

[3] C. Ferone, F. Colangelo, R. Cioffi, F. Montagnaro and L. Santoro, Mechanical performances of weathered coal fly ash based geopolymer bricks, Procedia Engineering, vol. 21, p.745, (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2073

[4] J. C. Swanepoel and C. A. Strydom, utilization of fly ash in a geopolymeric material, Applied Geochemistry, vol. 17, p.1143, (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0883-2927(02)00005-7

[5] D. Hardjito, C. C. Cheak and C. H. Lee Ing, Strength and setting times of low calcium fly ash-based geopolymer mortar, Modern Applied Science, vol. 2 (4), p.3, (2008).

DOI: 10.5539/mas.v2n4p3

[6] J. Temuujin, A. VanRiessen and K. J. D. MacKenzie, Preparation and characterization of fly ash based geopolymer mortars, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 24, p.1906, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.012

[7] D. M. J. Sumajouw, D. Hardjito, S. E. Wallah and B. V. Rangan, Fly ash-based geopolymer concrete: study of slender reinforced columns, J Mater Sci, vol. 42, p.3124, (2007).

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-006-0523-8

[8] E. I. Diaz, E. N. Allouche and S. Eklund, Factors affecting the suitability of fly ash as source material for geopolymers, Fuel, vol. 89, p.992, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.09.012

[9] Davidovits, J. in: Geopolymer chemistry and properties. In: Davidovits, J., Orlinsl, J. (Eds. ), Proceedings of the First European Conference on Soft Mineralogy. The geopolymer Institute, Compiegne, p.25–48. (1988).

[10] Yunsheng Z, Wei S, Zongjin L. Composition design and microstructural characterization of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer cement. Appl Clay Sci; 47(3–4): 271–5. (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2009.11.002

[11] Granizo ML, Varela MTB, Martinez-Ramirez S. Alkali activation of metakaolins: parameters affecting mechanical, structural and microstructural properties. J Mater Sci; 42: 2934–43. (2007).

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-006-0565-y

[12] Heah CY et al. Study on solids-to-liquid and alkaline activator ratios on kaolin based geopolymers. Constr Build Mater; 35: 912–92. (2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.102

[13] Van Jaarsveld JGS. The physical and chemical characterisation of fly ash based geopolymers. Victoria, Australia: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne; (2000).

[14] Temuujin J, Riessen AV, MacKenzie KJD. Preparation and characterisation of fly ash based geopolymer mortars. Constr Build Mater; 24: 1906–10. (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.012

[15] Yunsheng Z et al. Synthesis and heavy metal immobilization behaviours of slag based geopolymer. J Hazard Mater; 143: 206–13. (2007).

[16] Chang JJ. A study on the setting characteristics of sodium silicate-activated slag pastes. Cem Concr Res; 33: 1005– 11. (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0008-8846(02)01096-7

[17] BS 3921 - 1985. Spesifications of Clay Bricks.

[18] M. T. Muhammad Faheem, A. M. Mustafa Al Bakri, H. Kamarudin, C. M. Ruzaidi, M. Binhussain, and A. M. Izzat in: The Relationship of Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio, Kaolin/Alkaline Activator Ratio and Sand/Kaolin Ratio to the Strength of Kaolin - Based Geopolymer Brick. Int. Review of Mech. Eng; Vol. 7, N1. ISSN 1970-8734 (2013).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.406

[19] Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, H. Kamarudin, I. Khairul Nizar, M. Bnhussain, Y. Zarina, A.R. Rafiza, in: Correlation between Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratio and Fly Ash/Alkaline Activator Ratio to the Strength of Geopolymer. Advanced Materials Research, 341-342, 189. (2011).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.341-342.189