Study on Different Mechanisms of Gastric Damage after Oral Administration of Titanium Dioxide Nano- and Microparticles

Abstract:

The study was performed with male Wistar rats who individually received nano (NPs) or fine (FPs) titanium dioxide (TiO₂) particles with an attractive food for 7 days. Two doses of TiO₂ NPs (200 and 400 mg/kg) and one dose of TiO₂ FPs (200 mg/kg) were used. The macroscopic status of the gastric mucosa as well as the pro-and antioxidant activity of the adherent mucus layer were examined. Our experiments showed that a chronic (7-day) oral administration of TiO₂ nanoor microparticles increased the area of erosive lesions and the amount of mucosal hemorrhages with respect to control. However, the damage mechanisms in the group “TiO₂ FPs 200 mg/kg” were different from those in the groups “TiO₂ NPs 200 mg/kg” and “TiO₂ NPs 400 mg/kg”. The oxidative damage of glycoproteins occurred in the gastric mucus of animals who received TiO₂ NPs; this led to degradation of the adherent mucus layer and deterioration of its protective properties. Therewith, a dose-dependent reaction was not observed at the indicated doses of TiO₂ NPs. The oxidative damage of glycoproteins was not found in the gastric mucus of animals who received TiO₂ FPs; erosive lesions and mucosal hemorrhages could be induced by TiO₂ FPs as the mechanical and chemical agent that does not provoke oxidative stress at the indicated dose. Our study demonstrated that the use of TiO₂ in any form for increasing the attractivity of foodstuffs can be harmful for the digestive tract.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 683)
• Pages: 447-453
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.683.447
• Online since: February 2016
• Authors: Natalya Krivova*, Olga Zaeva, Tatiana Misina, Nikolay Kuvshinov
• Keywords: Adherent Mucus Layer, Barrier Properties of Mucus, Fine Particle, Gastric Mucosal Damage, Gastrointestinal System, Nanoparticles, Oxidative Stress, Titanium Dioxide

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