Silver Recovery and Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from Used Fixing Reagent of X-Ray Laboratory Using Electrolysis Coupled with Adsorption onto Crab-Shell Chitosan and Black Rice-Husk Ash

Abstract:

Used fixing reagent, from X-ray laboratories of hospitals is often contaminated with numerous chemicals. Silver (Ag (I)) ion is the major contaminant present in used fixing reagent. This work determined the Ag (I) ion and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in used fixing reagent of X-ray laboratory. The removal of Ag (I) ion was done by electrolysis and followed with the adsorption onto crab shell chitosan (CSC) and black rice husk ash (BRHA). The Ag (I) ions in an used fixing reagent was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) at λ = 540 nm. The COD was measured by reflux technique and the results indicated that the initial concentrations of Ag (I) ions and COD values were 5,634.66 ± 179.74 mg L^-1 and 182,821.28 ± 5759.04 mg L^-1, respectively. The optimum voltage and time for electrolysis were 2 volts and 10 hrs. After the electrolysis had been done, 82.28% of the Ag (I) ions were removed, while the COD was reduced by 51.76%. After the adsorption experiment was applied, 72.16% of the Ag (I) ions were adsorbed onto CSC and 51.83%. onto BRHA. The COD was reduced 37.04% and 34.08% by CSC and BRHA, respectively. Therefore, these two techniques, electrolysis and adsorption, are appropriated techniques for Ag (I) ions recovery and the COD reduction of the used fixing reagent discharged from X-ray laboratories.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 824)
• Pages: 45-51
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.824.45
• Online since: October 2019
• Authors: Ratana Sananmuang*, Jirapa Yodphet, Wipharat Chuachuad Chaiyasith
• Keywords: Adsorption, Ag (I) Ion, COD, Electrolysis

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