Effects of Doping on Zeta Potential and pH of Polyaniline Colloidal Suspension

Abstract:

Polyaniline (PANI) has successfully been prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer. The prepared polymer was confirmed by XRD. The conducting form of PANI known as emeraldine salt (ES) through different concentrations of formic acid; 0.4 mmol/ L, 2mmol/ L, 6 mmol/ L, 8 mmol/ L, 10 mmol/ L, and 12 mmol/L is prepared from its insulating emeraldine base (EB) by levels of doping. The objective is to establish a correlation between the levels of doping, the zeta potential of the suspension. Positive zeta potential values (24.75, 27, 33.25, 36.75, 40.50, and 42) mV were obtained for the various PANI suspension. This showed the acquisition of positive charges by the PANI after doping. The observation was made that zeta potential values increases as formic acid concentration increased. This was correlated using UV/VIS spectra and electrophoretic coating with the polyaniline suspensions.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1008)
• Pages: 114-120
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1008.114
• Online since: August 2020
• Authors: Mohammed Fuseini*, Ahmed Hassan El Shazly, Marwa Farouk El-Kady
• Keywords: Colloidal Suspension, Conducting Polymer, Doping, Electrophoretic Mobility, Polyaniline, Zeta Potential

References

[1] T. O. Magu, A. U. Agobi, L. Hitler, and P. M. Dass, A Review on Conducting Polymers-Based Composites for Energy Storage Application,, J. Chem. Rev., vol. 1, no. Issue 1, pp.1-77., p.19–34, Jan. (2019).

[2] M. V. Kulkarni, A. K. Viswanath, R. Marimuthu, and T. Seth, Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline doped with organic acids,, J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem., vol. 42, no. 8, p.2043–2049, Apr. (2004).

DOI: 10.1002/pola.11030

[3] C. R. Morgan, F. Magnotta, and A. D. Ketley, Thiol/ene photocurable polymers,, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed., vol. 15, no. 3, p.627–645, Mar. (1977).

DOI: 10.1002/pol.1977.170150311

[4] Q. Li and N. J. Bjerrum, Aluminum as anode for energy storage and conversion: a review,, J. Power Sources, vol. 110, no. 1, p.1–10, Jul. (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-7753(01)01014-x

[5] Communication Macromolecular Rapid Communications,, (2013).

[6] C. Yang and C. Chen, Synthesis, characterisation and properties of polyanilines containing transition metal ions,, Synth. Met., vol. 153, no. 1–3, p.133–136, Sep. (2005).

DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.07.136

[7] A. N. J. Al-Daghman, Optoelectronic Properties of Conducting Polyaniline (PANi-ES/HCl),, Int. J. Sci. Eng. Appl. Sci., no. 4, (2018).

[8] J. E. De Albuquerque, L. H. C. Mattoso, R. M. Faria, J. G. Masters, and A. G. MacDiarmid, Study of the interconversion of polyaniline oxidation states by optical absorption spectroscopy,, Synth. Met., vol. 146, no. 1, p.1–10, Oct. (2004).

DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2004.05.019

[9] A. R. Hillman and M. A. Mohamoud, Ion, solvent and polymer dynamics in polyaniline conducting polymer films,, Electrochim. Acta, vol. 51, no. 27, p.6018–6024, Aug. (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.11.054

[10] N. V. Blinova, J. Stejskal, M. Trchová, J. Prokeš, and M. Omastová, Polyaniline and polypyrrole: A comparative study of the preparation,, Eur. Polym. J., vol. 43, no. 6, p.2331–2341, Jun. (2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.03.045

[11] H. Fisal Alesary, H. Khalil Ismail, A. Fadhil Khudhair, and M. Qasim Mohammed, Effects of Dopant Ions on the Properties of Polyaniline Conducting Polymer,, Orient. J. Chem., vol. 34, no. 5, p.2525–2533, Oct. (2018).

DOI: 10.13005/ojc/340539

[12] P. Xu, B. Zhang, S. Chen, and J. He, Influence of humidity on the characteristics of positive corona discharge in air,, Phys. Plasmas, vol. 23, no. 6, p.063511, Jun. (2016).

DOI: 10.1063/1.4953890

[13] M. Hatamzadeh, A. Mahyar, and M. Jaymand, Chemical modification of polyaniline by N-grafting of polystyrenic chains synthesized via nitroxide-mediated polymerization,, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., vol. 23, no. 6, p.1008–1017, Jun. (2012).

DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532012000600003

[14] E. S. Matveeva, Could the acid doping of polyaniline represent the charge transfer interaction?,, Synth. Met., vol. 83, no. 2, p.89–96, Nov. (1996).

DOI: 10.1016/s0379-6779(97)80059-8

[15] G. Li, C. Martinez, and S. Semancik, Controlled electrophoretic patterning of polyaniline from a colloidal suspension,, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 127, no. 13, p.4903–4909, (2005).

DOI: 10.1021/ja0441763

[16] G. M. Deloid, J. M. Cohen, G. Pyrgiotakis, and P. Demokritou, Preparation, characterization, and in vitro dosimetry of dispersed, engineered nanomaterials,, Nat. Protoc., vol. 12, no. 2, p.355–371, Feb. (2017).

DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.172

[17] I. Y. Sapurina and M. A. Shishov, Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline: Molecular Synthesis of Polyaniline and the Formation of Supramolecular Structures,, in New Polymers for Special Applications, InTech, (2012).

DOI: 10.5772/48758

[18] C. L. de Vasconcelos, M. R. Pereira, and J. L. C. Fonseca, Polyelectrolytes in Solution and the Stabilization of Colloids,, J. Dispers. Sci. Technol., vol. 26, no. 1, p.59–70, Jan. (2005).

[19] S. Schwarz, J. Nagel, A. Janke, W. Jaeger, and S. Bratskaya, Adsorption of Polyelectrolytes with Hydrophobic Parts,, in Characterization of Polymer Surfaces and Thin Films, Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, p.102–109.

DOI: 10.1007/2882_039

[20] T. Missana and A. Adell, On the Applicability of DLVO Theory to the Prediction of Clay Colloids Stability,, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 230, no. 1, p.150–156, Oct. (2000).

DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.7003

[21] R. Doering and Y. Nishi, Handbook of semiconductor manufacturing technology. CRC Press, (2008).

[22] A. Abdelraheem, A. H. El-Shazly, and M. F. El-Kady, Nanofiber Polyaniline and Polyaniline-Clay Nanocomposite Prepared via Sonochemical and Sol-Gel Techniques,, Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 860, no. July, p.12–16, (2016).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.860.12

[23] R. Zana, Dimeric (Gemini) Surfactants: Effect of the Spacer Group on the Association Behavior in Aqueous Solution,, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 248, no. 2, p.203–220, Apr. (2002).

DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2001.8104

[24] M. D. Butterworth, R. Corradi, J. Johal, S. F. Lascelles, S. Maeda, and S. P. Armes, Zeta Potential Measurements on Conducting Polymer-Inorganic Oxide Nanocomposite Particles,, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 174, no. 2, p.510–517, Sep. (1995).

DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1995.1418

[25] J. Nawrocki, The silanol group and its role in liquid chromatography,, J. Chromatogr. A, vol. 779, no. 1–2, p.29–71, Aug. (1997).

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00479-2

[26] A. K. Andrianov, Polyphosphazenes for biomedical applications. Wiley, (2009).

[27] A. Malinauskas and R. Holze, Cyclic UV-Vis spectrovoltammetry of polyaniline,, Synth. Met., vol. 97, no. 1, p.31–36, Aug. (1998).

DOI: 10.1016/s0379-6779(98)00106-4

[28] C. M. Koo, B. H. Jeon, and I. J. Chung, The Effect of Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) Stabilizer on the Stability of Polyaniline–Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) Dispersions,, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 227, no. 2, p.316–321, Jul. (2000).

DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.6898