Thermal Analysis of Ca_1+xCu₃Ti₄O_12+x Precursor in Nitrogen and Oxygen Environment at 1000 °C

Abstract:

The thermal kinetic analyses are prepared on Ca_1+xCu₃Ti₄O_12+x powders using simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement in a dual atmospheric gases environment. Initially, the nitrogen gas flowed from room temperature to 1000 °C, and then the environment was shifted and hold for 1 hour with oxygen. The result shows that the TGA patterns of the temperature and mass loss are disorderly with x values. The mass loss % patterns slightly decreased with increased additional Ca-based element. The decreased of oxygen absorption as the values of x increased also can be explained by the reduction of single-phase CCTO structure when excess Ca ions. The DSC pattern shows two prominent endothermic peaks and two exothermic peaks that relate to the melting point of the reactant and crystalline phase changes of samples, while the significant endothermic peak at 1000 °C is corresponding to the formation of CCTO compounds as identified by XRD analysis.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1010)
• Pages: 268-273
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1010.268
• Online since: September 2020
• Authors: Julie Juliewatty Mohamed*, Noruzaman Daud, Mohamad Johari bin Abu, Mohd Fariz Ab Rahman, Siti Roshayu binti Hassan, Hasmaliza Mohamad, Zainal Arifin Ahmad
• Keywords: CCTO, Solid-State Reaction, Thermal Analysis, X-Ray Diffraction

References

[1] M.A. Subramanian, L. Dong, N. Duan, B.A. Reisner, A.W. Sleight, High Dielectric constant in ACu3Ti4O12 and ACu3Ti3FeO12 phases, J. Solid State Chem, 151 (2000) 323.

DOI: 10.1006/jssc.2000.8703

[2] J. Valo, M. Leskela, Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol.2 Application to Inorganic materials, Elsevier, Amsterdam,2003, Chap 15.

[3] S. F. Shao, J. L. Zhang, P. Zheng, and C. L.Wang, Effect of Cu stoichiometry on the dielectric and electric properties in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics, Solid. State. Commun. 142 (2007) 281–286.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssc.2007.02.025

[4] M.H. Wangbo, and M. A. Subramanian, Structural model of planar defects in CaCu3Ti4O12 exhibiting a giant dielectric constant, Chem. Mater. 18 (2006) 3257–3260.

DOI: 10.1021/cm060323f

[5] J. Li, A.W. Sleight, and M. A. Subramanian, Evidence for internal resistive barriers in a crystal of the giant dielectric constant material CaCu3Ti4O12, Solid State Commun. 135 (2005) 260.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssc.2005.04.028

[6] J. J. Romero, P. Leret, F. Rubio-Marcos, A. Quesada, & J. F. Fernández, Evolution of the intergranular phase during sintering of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30(3) (2010). 737-742.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.08.024

[7] Q. Yin, J. Kniep, & Y. S. Lin, High temperature air separation by perovskite-type oxide sorbents–Heat effect minimization, Chem. Eng. Sci. 63(24) (2008) 5870-5875.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2008.09.004

[8] Y.S. Lin, D.L. McLean, Y. Zeng, High temperature adsorption process, U.S. Patent 6059858. (2000).

[9] Z.H. Yang, Y.S. Lin, A semi-empirical equation for oxygen nonstoichiometry of perovskite-type ceramics, Solid. State. Ion. 150 (3–4) (2002) 245–254.

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2738(02)00524-6

[10] Z. H. Yang, & Y. S. Lin, Synergetic thermal effects for oxygen sorption and order–disorder transition on perovskite-type oxides, Solid State Ion. 176(1-2) (2005) 89-96.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.06.011

[11] J. Mizusaki, M. Yoshihiro, S. Yamauchi, Nonstoichiometry and defect structure of the perovskite-type oxide Ls1−xSrxCo3−δ, J. Solid State Chem. 58 (2) (1985) 257–266.

DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(85)90243-9

[12] W. Tao, F. Fei, W. Yue-Chuan, Structure and thermal properties of titanium dioxide-polyacrylate nanocomposites, Polyme.r Bulletin. 56(4-5) (2006) 413-426.

DOI: 10.1007/s00289-006-0506-6

[13] X. G. Li, Y. Lv, B. G. Ma, W. Q. Wang, & S. W. Jian, Decomposition kinetic characteristics of calcium carbonate containing organic acids by TGA, Arab. J. Chem. 10 (2017) 2534-2538.

DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.09.026

[14] T. R. Rao, Kinetics of calcium carbonate decomposition, Chem. Eng. Technol. 19(4) (1996) 373-377.

[15] L. T. Mei, H. I. Hsiang, & T. T Fang, Effect of copper‐rich secondary phase at the grain boundaries on the varistor properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. 91(11), (2008),3735-3737.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02674.x

[16] C.Homes, T. Vogt, S. Shapiro, S. Wakimoto, M. Subramanian, A. Ramirez, Charge transfer in the high dielectric constant materials CaCu3Ti4O12 and CdCu3Ti4O12, Physical. Review. B. 67(9), (2003), 092106.