Materials Science Forum Vol. 1037

Abstract: The solution to the problem of large industrial cities with a developed metallurgical industry is the creation of environmentally friendly conditions for the life of the population through the disposal of industrial waste. The studies carried out have shown that the developed technology makes it possible to widely use steel-making slags and carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere in the production of small-piece wall stones with high operational properties. It is shown that only slag is required to obtain wall material without the use of a hydraulic binder.

Abstract: In this work, studies have been carried out to replace bauxite with aluminate slags. Compounds of raw mixtures without use of fossil aluminate materials with different gypsum content have been developed. Instability of assimilation of anhydrite into calcium sulphoaluminate has been established. X-ray phase analysis has shown a weak dependence of increase in the firing temperature and increase in the yield of the main mineral C₃A₃·CŜ. Results of the study allow us to conclude that it is possible to obtain high-quality calcium sulphoaluminate (SAC) based on technogenic aluminate raw material.

Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of decontamination of industrial cyanide-containing water using mycelium-based lignocellulosic materials. These results suggest that fungi biomass and plant substrates can be used successfully in the treatment of wastewater contaminated by cyanide. Fungi were isolated from old wood samples taken from a tailing dam with high cyanide content (more than 20 years in semi-submerged condition). All isolated fungi belonged to the genus Fusarium. Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. is most effective for biodegradation of cyanide-containing wastewaters (even at low temperatures). The most optimal lignocellulosic composition for production of mycelium-based biomaterial for biodegradation of cyanide wastewater consists of a uniform ratio of Siberian pine sawdust and wheat straw. The high efficiency of mycelium-based materials has been experimentally proven in vitro at 15-25 ° C. New fungal biomaterials are provide decrease in the concentration of cyanide ions to 79% (P <0.001). Large-scale cultivation of fungi biomass was carried out by the periodic liquid-phase cultivation. The submerged biomass from bioreactor was used as an inoculum for the production of mycelium-based materials for bioremediation of cyanide wastewater in situ (gold mine tailing).

Abstract: A set of theoretical and experimental studies showing the promising application of devices with the rotating electromagnetic field in the technology of processing sludge wastes of metal production is presented in the paper. Regularities of magneto-vibrational layer formation in those devices and parameters of its energy state control are disclosed. There has also a model of agglomerate destruction in the magneto-vibrational layer been proposed, which establishes a connection of agglomerate particle sizes with the strength of magnetic field induction required for its destruction. The results of studies of the process of ferromagnetic particle grinding are presented, factors affecting the degree of grinding are determined. The possibility of forming an ultradisperse fraction during grinding in the rotating electromagnetic field has been experimentally proved. The effect of porousness on the degree of ferromagnetic particle grinding is shown.

Abstract: The main trends in the use of silicate raw materials for the production of heat-insulating materials are considered. It is shown that the introduction of modifying additives-fluxes is promising to reduce the energy intensity of the technology. The substances that play the role of fluxes in the silicate industry are selected. The most active fluxes were chosen - sodium tetraborate Na₂B₄O₇ (borax) and sodium fluoride NaF. The mechanism of their melting effect on the silicate mass is investigated. It is shown that both borax and sodium fluoride are active fluxes, intensifying the melting of silicate raw materials of all types. The use of fluoride is hampered by a narrow temperature range, in which the formation of a stable porous structure is possible.