Paper Titles
Study of Thermal Modes of Formation of Layered Composites in Roller-Crystallizer
p.17
Nanoclays and Their Notable Increase in Composite Production, in Review
p.25
Structural and Phase Features of Functional Coatings Obtained by Multichamber Detonation Spraying
p.41
Production of ZrB2-SiC Based UHTCs with Addition of Boron Carbide and Graphene
p.51
Optimization оf Effectiveness Evaluation Method for Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating
p.65
Possibilities of Using a Fire Extinguishing Substance Based on a Water-Soluble Polymer for Extinguishing Flammable Liquids
p.73
Investigation of Fire Extinguishing Properties of Multicomponent Systems with Combined Action Based on Wetted Lightweight Bulk Materials for Extinguishing Polar Flammable Liquids
p.83
Possibilities of Using Potassium Carbonate and Bicarbonate as Inhibitors in the Composition of Aqueous Fire-Extinguishing Substances
p.91
Silicophosphate Fire Retardant Coatings For Expanded Polystyrene
p.99

Optimization оf Effectiveness Evaluation Method for Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating

Article Preview

Abstract:

An optimized method for assessing the fire protection efficiency of intumescent coatings has been proposed, which can be applied during the development and research of new formulations of fire retardant compositions. To achieve this goal, a critical analysis of existing methods for evaluating the fire protection efficiency of intumescent fire retardant coatings has been conducted, both those approved by regulatory documents and those used by researchers for the fire protection agents effectiveness rapid assessments. Based on the analysis of the studied methods advantages and disadvantages, an optimized method for evaluating the intumescent fire-resistant coatings efficiency has been proposed to reduce the time for preparing and processing experimental results. The proposed optimized method involves the use of an electrical furnace with an insulated test chamber for heat accumulation as a source of thermal radiation, which allows obtaining temperatures on the reverse side of the metal plate exceeding 950 °C. As a criterion for fire protection efficiency, it is proposed to use the comparison of the time to reach the critical temperature (500 °C) on the outer side of metal plates protected by fire retardant coatings. The efficiency of fire protection of the metal plate has been investigated using the proposed method for three samples of intumescent fire protection agents: a coating based on epoxy oligomer, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, and intercalated graphite, a coating on a styrene-acrylic basis of industrial production, and a well-known coating based on epoxy oligomer filled with monoammonium phosphate and intercalated graphite. The results of the experiment allowed a comparative assessment of the studied coatings fire protection efficiency. The use of the optimized method significantly simplifies the experiment and reduces the time spent on sample preparation and processing of its results.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Advanced Methods in Materials Research and Fire-Resistant Materials View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1165)

Pages:

65-71

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Hm4DT4

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

November 2025

Authors:

Oleksandr Hryhorenko, Natalia Saienko*, Volodymyr Lipovyi, Kostiantyn Afanasenko, Volodymyr Oliinyk

Keywords:

Building Structures, Fire Protection Efficiency, Fire Protection of Metal, Fire Retardant Coating, Method, Testing

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] A. Lucherini, C. Maluk, Intumescent coatings used for the fire-safe design of steel structures: A review. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 162 (2019) 105712.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.105712

Google Scholar

[2] T. Nekora, V. Sidnei, S. Shnal T., O. Nekora, The improvement of the method to determine the temperature in steel reinforced concrete slabs in assessment of their fire resistance. Materials Science Forum. 1066 (2022) 216–223.

DOI: 10.4028/p-3gvljr

Google Scholar

[3] A. Kovalov, R. Purdenko, Yu. Otrosh, V. Tоmеnkо, N. Rashkevich, E.Shcholokov, M. Pidhornyy, N. Zolotova, O. Suprun, Assessment of fire resistance of fireproof reinforced concrete structures. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 119 (2022) 53–61.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2022.266219

Google Scholar

[4] I. Medved, N. Rashkevich, Yu. Otrosh, V. Tomenko, Analysis of Experimental Studies of Titanium Alloy. Materials Science Forum. 1141 (2024).35–42.

DOI: 10.4028/p-ryw4rj

Google Scholar

[5] Y. Otrosh, O. Semkiv, E. Rybka, A. Kovalov, About need of calculations for the steel framework building in temperature influences conditions. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 708 (2019) 012065.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/708/1/012065

Google Scholar

[6] S. Sidnei, A. Berezovskyi, I. Nedilko, S. Pozdieiev, The improvement of the simplified calculation method for assessing the fire resistance of a hollow-core slab. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2840 (2023).

DOI: 10.1063/5.0168721

Google Scholar

[7] A. Kovalov, Y. Otrosh, O. Chernenko, M. Zhuravskij, M. Anszczak, Modeling of non-stationary heating of steel plates with fire-protective coatings in ansys under the conditions of hydrocarbon fire temperature mode. Materials Science Forum. 1038 (2021) 514–523.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1038.514

Google Scholar

[8] K. V. Kalafat, N. A. Taran, V. P. Plavan, A. M. Redko, I. V. Efimova, L. M. Vakhitova, The effect of ammonium polyphosphate: melamine: pentaerythritol ratio on the efficiency of fire protection of reactive coatings, Vopr. Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii. 6 (2020) 59–68.

DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2020-133-6-59-68

Google Scholar

[9] T. Y. Eremina, D. A. Korolchenko, I. N Kuznetsova, Synergism of physical and chemical processes in intumescent fire-retardant paints. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 960 (2020) 032037.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/960/3/032037

Google Scholar

[10] W. Zhan, Z. Xu, L. Chen, L. Li, Q. Kong, M. Chen, J. Jiang, Research progress of carbon-based materials in intumescent fire-retardant coatings: A review. European Polymer Journal. (2024) 113486.

DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2024.113486

Google Scholar

[11] Z. Zhou, Z. Zhang, J. Huang, Y. Wang, Water-based intumescent fire resistance coating containing organic-modified glass fiber for steel structure. Journal of Cleaner Production. 442 (2024) 140897.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140897

Google Scholar

[12] P. A. Piloto, M. S. Khetata, A. B Ramos-Gavilán, Analysis of the critical temperature on load bearing LSF walls under fire. Engineering Structures. 270 (2022) 114858.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114858

Google Scholar

[13] L. M. Osvaldová, W. Fatriasari. Testing of Materials for Fire Protection Needs (2023).

Google Scholar

[14] J. Zhang, J. P. Li, X. L. Fernández-Blázquez, R. Wang, X. Zhang, D. Y. Wan, A facile technique to investigate the char strength and fire retardant performance towards intumescent epoxy nanocomposites containing different synergists. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 202 (2022) 110000.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110000

Google Scholar

[15] A. Lucherini, L. Giuliani, G. Jomaas, Experimental study of the performance of intumescent coatings exposed to standard and non-standard fire conditions. Fire Safety Journal. 95 (2018) 42–50.

DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.10.004

Google Scholar

[16] A. Lucherini, J. P. Hidalgo, J. L. Torero, C. Maluk, Influence of heating conditions and initial thickness on the effectiveness of thin intumescent coatings. Fire Safety Journal. 120 (2021) 103078.

DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103078

Google Scholar

[17] M. Rashid, K. Chetehouna, A. Settar, J. Rousseau, C. Roudaut, L. Lemée, Z. Aboura, Kinetic analysis of the thermal degradation of an intumescent fire retardant coated green biocomposite. Thermochimica Acta. 711 (2022) 179211.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2022.179211

Google Scholar

[18] A. Lucherini, H.Y. Lam, M. Jimenez, F. Samyn, S. Bourbigot, C. Maluk, Fire testing of intumescent coatings: comparison between bench-scale furnace and radiant panels experimental methodologies. Fire Technology. 58 (2022) 1737–1766.

DOI: 10.1007/s10694-022-01216-3

Google Scholar

[19] M. Morys, D. Häßler, S. Krüger, B. Schartel, S. Hothan, Beyond the standard time-temperature curve: Assessment of intumescent coatings under standard and deviant temperature curves, Fire safety journal. 112 (2020) 102951.

DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102951

Google Scholar

[20] L. Yi, S. Feng, Z. Wang, Y. Ding, T. Chu, Y. Zhuang, A comprehensive model to predict the fire performance of intumescent fire-retardant coating on steel substrate. Journal of Building Engineering. 95 (2024) 110127.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110127

Google Scholar

[21] L. Vakhitova, K. Kalafat, R. Vakhitov, V. Drizhd, N. Taran, V. Bessarabov, Nano-clays as rheology modifiers in intumescent coatings for steel building structures. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances. 16 (2023) 100544.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100544

Google Scholar

[22] Y. Zeng, C. E. Weinell, K. Dam-Johansen, L. Ring, S. Kiil, Comparison of an industrial- and a laboratory-scale furnace for analysis of hydrocarbon intumescent coating performance. Journal of Fire Sciences. 38 (2020) 309–329.

DOI: 10.1177/0734904120902852

Google Scholar

[23] M. R. D. Silveira, R. S. Peres, V. F., Moritz, C. A. Ferreira, Intumescent coatings based on tannins for fire protection. Materials Research. 22(2) (2019). e20180433.

DOI: 10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2018-0433

Google Scholar

[24] O. Hryhorenko, Y. Zolkina, N. V. Saienko, Y. V. Popov, Investigation of the Effect of Fillers on the Properties of the Expanded Coke Layer of Epoxyamine Compositions. In Materials Science Forum. 1038 (2021) 539–546.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1038.539

Google Scholar

[25] O. Hryhorenko, Y. Zolkina, N. Saienko, Y. Popov, R. Bikov, Investigation of adhesive-strength characteristics of fire-retardant epoxy polymers modified with metal-containing additives. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 907 (2020) 012060.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/907/1/012060

Google Scholar

[26] Y. Li, C. F. Cao, Z. Y. Chen, S. C Liu, J. Bae, L. C. Tang, Waterborne intumescent fire-retardant polymer composite coatings: a review. Polymers. 16 (2024) 2353.

DOI: 10.3390/polym16162353

Google Scholar

[27] Y. H. Ng, A. Dasari, K. H. Tan, L. Qian, Intumescent fire-retardant acrylic coatings: Effects of additive loading ratio and scale of testing. Progress in Organic Coatings. 150 (2021) 105985.

DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.105985

Google Scholar