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Metamaterial-Inspired Auxetic and Chiral Aluminium Composite Sandwich Cores under High Velocity Impact: Comparative Analysis

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Abstract:

Sandwich composites with architected cores are increasingly sought after in aerospace applications where weight efficiency must be combined with reliable impact resistance. Conventional vertical cores, however, exhibit limited energy dissipation during High Velocity Impact (HVI), often leading to localized collapse and reduced structural integrity. This work presents a comparative investigation of Aluminium 2014-T6 sandwich composites reinforced with three distinct cores: a primitive vertical, a re-entrant auxetic, and a hexagonal auxetic chiral configuration. Evolution of core architecture is metamaterial inspired. Explicit dynamic simulations were performed in LS-DYNA at impact energies of 11.7 J, 26.32 J, and 46.78 J, with a power-law plasticity model capturing high strain-rate material response. The transient histories of kinetic energy (KE) and internal energy (IE) were extracted to characterize energy transmission and absorption, respectively, establishing an energy-based framework for impact performance. Results show that primitive vertical cores transmit a substantial fraction of incident energy, indicating poor protective efficiency, while re-entrant auxetic cores achieve higher IE absorption through negative Poisson’s ratio-induced lateral expansion. The chiral auxetic cores consistently outperform both, exhibiting the steepest KE decay and the highest IE accumulation across all impact energies. The enhanced performance arises from the synergistic coupling of re-entrant densification and chiral node rotation, enabling progressive deformation, stress delocalization, and smoother energy dissipation. This study provides new insight into the mechanics of hybrid auxetic–chiral cores under High Velocity Impact (HVI), demonstrating their superiority over conventional geometry and establishing a pathway for designing next-generation lightweight, damage-tolerant sandwich composites for aerospace impact applications.

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1195)

Pages:

123-138

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-VeG2BY

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Online since:

June 2026

Authors:

Arun Babu, M.S. Ganesha Prasad, S. Raghavendra, Sachin Prabha*, Arun Kumar

Keywords:

Auxetic Structures, Chiral Geometry, Energy Absorption, High Velocity Impact, Re-Entrant Hexagonal Core, Sandwich Composites

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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