Particle Size of 45S5 Bioactive Glass Affected the Enamel Remineralization

Abstract:

In order to repair the etched human dental enamel, 45S5 bioactive glass with different particle size was used to remineralization enamel in vitro. 45S5 bioactive glass powder was sieved, and divided into the three groups. Freshly sound human second molar teeth from patients were extracted and specimens of dentine-enamel junction were prepared under water-cooled diamond saw, then the enamel surface was polished and finally rinsed. The enamel samples were soaked in simulated oral fluid (SOF) for 5 days. Particle size distribution, topological images and mechanical properties such as hardness and reduced modulus of enamel surface were evaluated by the laser particle size analyzer, atomic force microscope (AFM) and nanoindentation technology. The results indicated that the adhered particle size onto the enamel surface was concentrated on the 1-10 μm. With the decreasing particle size, adhesive capacity onto the enamel surface increased, but the mechanical properties decreased gradually after soaking in SOF for 5 days. In a short period time, Group 2 particles are suitable of repair the etched enamel, and further improve its mechanical properties. This study suggests that proper size 45S5 bioactive glass may be used to repair the acid etched teeth as a toothpaste additive.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 815)
• Pages: 396-400
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.815.396
• Online since: March 2015
• Authors: Zhi Hong Dong*, Chang Chun Zhou
• Keywords: 45S5, AFM, Nanoindentation, Particle Size, Remineralization

References

[1] L.L. Hench, R.J. Splinter, W.C. Allen, T.K. Greenlee, Bonding mechanisms at the interface of ceramic prosthetic materials. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2(1972)117-141.

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.820050611

[2] O. Peitl, E.D. Zanotto, L.L. Hench, Highly bioactive P2O5–Na2O–CaO–SiO2 glass-ceramics. J Non-Cryst. Solids 292(2001)115-126.

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3093(01)00822-5

[3] I.D. Xynos, M. V.J. Hukkanen, J. J. Batten, L. D. Buttery, L.L. Hench, J.M. Polak, Bioglass ®45S5 stimulates osteoblast turnover and enhances bone formation in vitro: implications and applications for bone tissue engineering. Calcif. Tissue Int. 67(2000).

DOI: 10.1007/s002230001134

[4] S. Levy, M. Van Dalen, S. Agonafer, W.O. Soboyejo, Cell/surface interactions and adhesion on bioactive glass 45S5. J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Med. 18(2007)89-102.

DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0666-9

[5] Q.Z. Chen, I.D. Thompson, A.R. Boccaccini, 45S5 Bioglass®-derived glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 27(2006)2414-2425.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.11.025

[6] D.F. Williams, Implants in dental and maxillofacial surgery. Biomaterials 2(1981)133-146.

[7] H. Yli-Urpo, M. Närhi, T. Närhi, Compound changes and tooth mineralization effects of glass ionomer cements containing bioactive glass (S53P4), an in vivo study. Biomaterials 26(2005)5934-5941.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.03.008

[8] D.G. Gillam, J.Y. Tang, N.J. Mordan, H.N. Newman, The effects of a novel bioglass dentifrice on dentine sensitivity: a scanning electron microscopy investigation. J. Oral Rehabil. 29(2002)305-313.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00824.x

[9] B.S. Lee, C.W. Chang, W.P. Chen, W.H. Lan, C.P. Lin, In vitro study of dentin hypersensitivity treated by Nd: YAP laser and bioglass. Dent. Mater. 21(2005)511-519.

DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2004.08.002

[10] Z.H. Dong, J. Chang, Y. Zhou, K.L. Lin, In vitro remineralization of human dental enamel by bioactive glasses. J. Mater. Sci. 46(2011)1591-1596.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-010-4968-4

[11] M.E. Donna, A.P. Lisa, Nanoindentation of biological materials. Nanotaday 1(2006)26-33.

[12] L. Lefebvre, J. Chevalier, L. Gremillard, R. Zenati, G. Thollet, D. Bernache-Assolant, A. Govin, Structural transformations of bioactive glass 45S5 with thermal treatments. Acta Materialia 55(2007)3305-3313.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.01.029

[13] B.T. Amaechi, S.M. Higham, In vitro remineralisation of eroded enamel lesions by saliva. J. Dent. 29(2001)371-376.

DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(01)00026-4

[14] W.C. Oliver, G.M. Pharr, An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7(1992)1564-1583.

DOI: 10.1557/jmr.1992.1564

[15] E. Donnelly, S.P. Baker, A.L. Boskey, C.H. Marjolein, van der Meulen, Effects of surface roughness and maximum load on the mechanical properties of cancellous bone measured by nanoindentation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 77(2006)426-435.

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30633

[16] S.S. Saeed, A.G. Kārlis, Micromechanical properties of single crystal hydroxyapatite by nanoindentation. Acta Biomaterialia 5(2009)2206-2212.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.02.009

[17] I. Manika, J. Maniks, Size effects in micro- and nanoscale indentation. Acta Mater. 54(2006)2049-(2056).

DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.12.031