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Electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C prepared from different carbon source Ai fang Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China Email: liu.aifang@hotmail.com Keywords: Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4); Carbon source; Lithium ion battery Abstract.
Introduction Olivine structure lithium iron phosphate [1] (LiFePO4) is the promising cathode material for lithium secondary battery, due to safety, low-cost raw materials, environmental friendliness and high energy power.
The properly-broadening crystal parameter is beneficial for lithium ion insertion/disinsertion transfer, but over-broadening lattice will impact the stability of the material structure.
The usage of acetylene black combined with the ball-milling after low temperature pre-sinter, Layer structure was formed, which is beneficial to reduce the capacity loss because of easy lithium ion transfer.
The high-rate performance is mainly controlled by the intrinsic layer structure.

However, the development of strength and pore structure is influenced deeply by the hydration procedure in cement paste, also, which will gradually affect the durability of the building in the future.
Normally, the hydration procedure of cement is a rather complicated procedure both in physics and chemistry, and it will determine the microstructure of materials and be closely related to performance of materials.
Therefore, it can not only reflect the relationship between variety of different microscopic structure and properties in material, but also can observe them with the change with time [2-5].
In general, the interface of solid-liquid in electrolyte has the structure of double layer.
Study of AC Impedance on the Porous Structure of Hardened Cement Paste[J].

Ordered mesoporous carbons have a unique structure of hexagonally packed mesostructured carbons, which contains well-defined nanopores around 4 nm.
Before the tests, the CMK-3 exhibited a sharp low-angle reflection which is the characteristic of 2-D hexagonal carbon structures [10,13].
This is indicative of the structure deformation of 2-D hexagonal carbon structures of CMK3 during the sliding tests.
attributed the improvement to the strong mechanical properties and unique hollow cylindrical structure of nanotubes [15].
However, it is not still clear whether the deformed amorphous carbon served as a protective layer or the spherical, mesoporous carbon structure contributes to the improved tribological behavior.

Other dopants, such as K +, La 3+ and Er 3+, which occupy the A-sites of the perovskite structure, affect the properties of BST as well [8, 9].
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out to determine the structure of the samples (Rigaku D/Max ⅡB).
The materials are perovskite structure when the amount of the additives is less than 1wt%.
In3+ possesses a relative large probability to occupy A-site in ABO3 structure.
They possess perovskite structure and fine microstructures.

Berger, have studied low-dimensional graphitic structures such as planar nanoscopic graphene ribbons and found similar properties with nanotubes where most of the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes are dominated by this structure [7].
The electronic structure of graphene ribbon can be either metallic or semiconducting depending on the crystallographic direction of the ribbon axis.
Fig 1: OM images of sheet structure obtained from the process of ignition of Mg in dry ice slab cavity.
This indicates that the as-prepared graphene is not a single layer structure.
Samori: Nature Chemistry, Vol. 3, Iss.6 (2011), 431-436

Electron Microscopic Investigation on Nanostructure Behaviors of Thermal Oxidation Copper Siti Rahmah Esa1,3,a, Ghazali Omar2,b, Rosiyah Yahya1,c, Noreffendy Tamaldin2,d, Aziz Hassan1,e, Bazura Abdul Rahim3,f and Wan Azli Wan Ismail3,g 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2GTriboE, CARe, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technical Malaysia Melaka 76100, Malacca, Malaysia 3Advanced Analytical Services Laboratory, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia arahmah.esa@mimos.my, bghazali@utem.edu.my, crosiyah@um.edu.my, dnoreffendy@utem.edu.my, eahassan@um.edu.my, fbazura@mimos.my, gazli.ismail@mimos.my Keywords: Copper oxide, Nano-structure, Diffusion Abstract.
The nano-structure derived from this analysis determines the diffusion mechanism of copper oxide.
The scanning electron imaging in Fig. 1 shows the nano structure of copper oxide that was thermally aged for 3 hours at different thermal aging temperature of 150, 180, 210 and 240 °C.
Fig. 2 shows the nano-structure of copper oxide obtained from 500 nm (left) and 750 nm (right) grain size samples.
This result has brought an important point that the initial grain boundary prior to oxidation process influence the formation of the surface nano-structure of copper oxide.

The secondary structure is from the KaiC structure of S. elongatus PCC 7942, and the top ruler numbers are for the KaiC sequence of S. elongatus PCC 7942.
Multiple protein sequence alignments were constructed using ClustalW [12] in MEGA 5.05 (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis) [13], and manually adjusted based on the secondary structures of KaiA of S. elongatus PCC 7942 (PDB ID: 3S1A).
The alignment was adjusted to keep the secondary structures of KaiC of S. elongatus PCC 7942 intact.
KAGEYAMA, Circadian Formation of Clock Protein Complexes by KaiA, KaiB, KaiC, and SasA in Cyanobacteria, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 278, no. 4, pp. 2388–2395, Nov. 2002
LiWang, Structure and function from the circadian clock protein KaiA of Synechococcus elongatus: a potential clock input mechanism, Proc.

Godignon1,e 1CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 2Laboratoire AMPERE, INSA Lyon, 69180 Villeurbanne, France 3Dept. of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping Univ.
An additional in situ anneal in Ar at 1100ºC for 3 min was carried out for P3, P4 and P5 structures.
Normalized MOS capacitance comparison between On-axis and 8ºOff-axis for n-type epitaxied MOS structures.
Dit comparison below the conduction band extracted from the n-type 8ºOff-axis and On-axis structures.
Oxide breakdown characteristics on n-epitaxial and p-implanted MOS structures in accumulation regime.

It was found that the coatings were characterized by a dendrite structure and a quenched structure was observed in the interdendritic space.
The structure of coatings: a, b – the dendritic structure; c, d – the needle-like structure The formation of a quenched structure can be explained in the following way.
Local microvolumes of titanium adjacent to the interface had a needle-like structure which was similar to the cladded layer structure.
The structure of coatings was mainly dendritic.
Vaisman, Technological applications of BINP industrial electron accelerators with focused beam extracted into atmosphere, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 57 (2000) 653-655.

A decision support system (DSS) for the purpose of obtaining optimal operation strategies of various hydraulic structures is needed to achieve effective and efficient management of a river basin network.
The foundation of a success DSS is the knowledge of hydrology, hydrodynamics, and hydraulic structures of the river basin network.
The decision horizon usually is the average service periods of all hydraulic structures of a river basin network, i.e., the average life cycle of a river basin network.
The decision variables are operation strategies of various hydraulic structures over the decision horizon.
Christofides, A decision support system for the management of the water resource system of Athens, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 28 (2003) 599-609