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Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Carbon Encapsulated Fe-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles Jun Xue1, 2, a, Hou Kui Xiang2, Hong Qiao Ding2, Shu Li Pang2, Xue Hua Wang2 and Hong Cao2, b 1Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection, Wuhan 430030, China 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China a xuejun027@yahoo.com.cn, b caohong@mail.wit.edu.cn Keywords: Carbon, Fe-Cu alloys nanoparticle, Core-shell structure, Magnetic property Abstract.
Ara: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 181 (2007), p. 199 [7] O.C.
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Introduction SMA is a kind of unique smart material which has shape memory effect, superelasticity, high damping, strain is sensitive to resistance, etc, has attracted considerable attention and becomes a research hotspot.
Recently, with the development of smart materials and structures, as well as the improvement of materials processing technology, SMAs were embedded in concrete members or structures instead of ordinary steel reinforcements.
Then the constitutive model was established, which was based on superelastic SMA material properties.
The stranded SMA materials used in this study were similar to those of conventional SMA steel.
References [1] Di Shengkui, Hua Weipan, Ji Shengwei,etc: submitted to Journal of Building Materials (2010) [2] Choi E, Cho Sc, Hu Jw, etc: submitted to Journal of Smart Materials and Structures (2010) [3] Shin M, Andrawes B: submitted to Journal of Smart Materials and Structures (2011) [4] Andrawes B, Shin M: submitted to Journal of Engineering Structures (2009) [5] Shin M,Andrawes B: submitted to Journal of Engineering Structures (2010) [6] Cui D and Guan P: submitted to Journal of Advanced Materials Research (2011) [7] Liu Qin, Ren Jianting, Jiang Jiesheng, etc: submitted to Journal of Advances in Mechanics (2007) [8] Xu Yucai: Study on pullout test of reinforcement corrosion and its bonding properties (Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 2006)

In this investigation, we try to choose (Tetracarboxyphthalocyaninato) cobalt [6-8]to replace it by reason of the cheaper cost. [9] Experiments Materials.
Journal of Material s Science & Engineering.
New Chemical Materials.
Journal of Hazardous Materials.
Journal of the European Ceramic Society.

A successful candidate must exhibit a number of additional attributes not least of which are compatibility to Cu while selectively removing copper oxides (CuOx), and be fully compatible with porous ULK and barrier materials.
References [1] Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 299 (2006) 656-664, Sean Eichenlaub a, Gautam Kumar b, Stephen Beaudoin [2] Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 151 -3 (2004) G185-G189 Wonseop Choi,z Uday Mahajan, Seung-Mahn Lee, Jeremiah Abiade, and Rajiv K.
Singh [3] Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 153 _11_ G948-G955 _2006_Robin Ihnfeldt, and Jan B.
Talbot [4] Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 151 ~11, (2004), G756-G761, Yi-Koan Hong,a, Dae-Hong Eom, Sang-Ho Lee,a TaeGon Kim, Jin-Goo Park, and Ahmed A.
Ashby [10] Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 299 (2006) 656-664, Sean Eichenlaub [11] Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 155 7 H485-H490 (2008) Yohei Yamada,,z Nobuhiro Konishi, Junji Noguchi, and Tomoko Jimbo [12] D.

This process has also been applied to create non-equilibrium state metallic materials such as metallic glasses.
The addition of refiners makes the recycling of used materials difficult.
Ohashi, Journal of Japan Foundry Engineering Society 71 (1999) 98-103
Miwa, Nature Materials 4 (2005) 289-292
Miwa, Materials Transactions 46 (2005) 1918-1922

Zhou 2 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China Keywords: Aluminum matrix composite, Semi-solid composing, SiC particulate, Mechanical properties Abstract.
Experimental The raw materials used to fabricate the composite are SiC particulates and Al alloy.
Cheng: Journal of Wuhan Automotive Polytechnic University, Vol. 19 No.1 (1997), p. 29
Zhou: Journal of Wuhan Automotive Polytechnic University, Vol. 19 No.3 (1997), p. 43
Fang: The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, Vol. 11 No.6 (2001), p. 1009

Experiment Experimental Materials.
Experimental materials conclude PVA fiber, cement, silica sand, superplasticizer, fly ash, silica fume and HPMC.
Journal of Building Materials, Vol.11 (2008), p.89 (in Chinese) [4] Victor C L, Wang S X, Wu C.Tensile Strain-hardening Behavior of Polyvinylalcohol Engineered Cementitious Composite (PVA-ECC).
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Journal of ACI Materials Journal, Vol.99 (2002), p. 463

These active materials were then subjected to calcinations at various temperatures (100 – 400 oC) for 6 h in air.
Chin, Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite/Carbon Nanocomposite Thin Films for Electrochemical Applications, Journal of Materials Science Technology 27 (2011) 873-878
Wu, Nanocrystalline oxide sueprcaapcitors, Materials Chemistry and Physics 75 (2002) 6-11
Grant, A novel hybrid supercapacitor with a carbon nanotube cathode and an iron oxide/carbon nanotube composite anode, Journal of Materials Chemistry 19 (46) (2009) 8755
Chen, Manganese oxide based materials for supercapacitors, Energy Materials: Materials Science and Engineering for Energy Systems 3 (3) (2008) 186-200

Rao, Progress in understanding the metallurgy of 18% nickel maraging steels, International Journal of Materials Research, 97 (2006) 1594-1607 [4] B.
Muktinutalapati, Fatigue Behavior of 18% Ni Maraging Steels: A Review, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 30 (2021) 2341–2354
Yang, Study on fatigue property of a new 2.8GPa grade maraging steel, Materials Science and Engineering A, 527 (2010) 3057-3063
Vasudevan, Effect of Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification on Residual Stress, Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of ATI 718Plus Alloy, Materials Science and Engineering A, 711 (2018) 364-377
Micele, Relationship between fatigue limit and Vickers hardness in steels, Materials Science and Engineering A, 528 (2011) 3468-3473

Research and Characterization of an Absorber Layer Material ---Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Sputtered on Polyimide Substrate in Material Engineering Yongping Zhao1, a, Congchun Zhang1,b, Guifu Ding1,c and Yongliang Wang1,d 1 National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Technology, Research Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240,Shanghai, China azyp2010sjtu@hotmail.com,bzhcc@sjtu.edu.cn(corresponding author), cgfding@sjtu.edu.cn, dwyl5617005@163.com Keywords: polyimide; Cu(In,Ga)Se2; solar cell; electric resistivity.
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 is a very important type of absorber layer material for high efficiency solar cells in material engineering.
In all the deposition method, such as co-evaporation, selenization, co-sputtering, electro chemical deposition and screen printing method, co-evaporation and selenization method can get the better quality of CIGS thin film among them, but when the CIGS film growth temperature is blow 400 ℃, the three-stage is inefficient for solar cells[8].RF magnetron sputtering is a commonly used method for the preparation of thin film materials, it is simple and easy to manipulate.
[6] Ju-Heon Yoon,Kwan-Hee Yoon,Won Mok Kim,Jong-Keuk Park,Young-Joon,Young-Joon Baik,Tae-Yeon Seong and Jeung-hyun Jeong JOURNAL OF PHYSICSD:APPLIED PHSICS;2011,10 [7] D.
[10] U Rau, M Schmidt, A Jasenek, G Hanna, HW Schock, Electrical characterization of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 thin- film solar cells and the role of defects for the device performance[J], Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 2001, 67: 137~143