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Online since: June 2017
Authors: Krit Sutjarittangtham, Wilaiwan Leenakul, Thanawat Kytae, Theerapol Thurakitseree
The different methods have effects on the structure as ferroelectric properties or electrical properties.
When considering the peak splitting for 200/002 at the 2q = 45.5° the samples showed the tetragonal phase structure at the samples prepared by conventional mix-oxide and seed-induced method [3-4, 12] and the cubic phase structure can be observed at the sample prepared molten-salt method.
From the XRD pattern, the tetragonal phase structure observed at the samples prepared by conventional mix-oxide method and seed-induced method.
However, the sample was prepared by molten-salt method showed the cubic phase structure.
Zhang, Low temperature synthesis of Ba0.70Sr0.30TiO3 powders by the molten-salt method, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 106 (2007) 164-167
When considering the peak splitting for 200/002 at the 2q = 45.5° the samples showed the tetragonal phase structure at the samples prepared by conventional mix-oxide and seed-induced method [3-4, 12] and the cubic phase structure can be observed at the sample prepared molten-salt method.
From the XRD pattern, the tetragonal phase structure observed at the samples prepared by conventional mix-oxide method and seed-induced method.
However, the sample was prepared by molten-salt method showed the cubic phase structure.
Zhang, Low temperature synthesis of Ba0.70Sr0.30TiO3 powders by the molten-salt method, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 106 (2007) 164-167
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Guang Qi Xie, Huan You Wang
In addition to force chain, granular arch structure is another important mechanical structure to bear loads in the granular system.
Jingshan et al. [14] analyzed and discussed granular arch structure from the perspective of seepage prevention of filter layer.
Zhang, et al., Classification and characteristics of soil arching structures in pile-supported embankments, Computers and Geotechnics. 98 (2018) 153-171
Ooi, Numerical modelling of dynamic pressure and flow in hopper discharge using the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation, Engineering Structures. 56 (2013) 1308-1320
Li, The current status: research on the arching of particulate medium, Engineering Chemistry and Metallurgy. 18 (1997) 89–96
Jingshan et al. [14] analyzed and discussed granular arch structure from the perspective of seepage prevention of filter layer.
Zhang, et al., Classification and characteristics of soil arching structures in pile-supported embankments, Computers and Geotechnics. 98 (2018) 153-171
Ooi, Numerical modelling of dynamic pressure and flow in hopper discharge using the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation, Engineering Structures. 56 (2013) 1308-1320
Li, The current status: research on the arching of particulate medium, Engineering Chemistry and Metallurgy. 18 (1997) 89–96
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Takatoshi Yamada, Toru Kuzumaki, Yuri Wada, Kaori Miyamoto
Figure 6(a) displayed a similar structure to that seen in Figure 4(b).
The EDS analysis revealed that the island-like structure consisted of C.
The observed structure was likely formed by etching of the multi-layered graphene with H2.
Novoselov, et al, Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene, Science. 320 (2008) 1308
Giangregorio, et al, Graphene CVD growth on copper and nickel: role of hydrogen in kinetics and structure, Phys.
The EDS analysis revealed that the island-like structure consisted of C.
The observed structure was likely formed by etching of the multi-layered graphene with H2.
Novoselov, et al, Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene, Science. 320 (2008) 1308
Giangregorio, et al, Graphene CVD growth on copper and nickel: role of hydrogen in kinetics and structure, Phys.
Online since: April 2019
Authors: Daniil Voronovych, Anatoliy Taran, Natalya Shitsevalova, Volodymyr Filipov, Oksana Podshyvalova, Anatoliy Dukhnenko
Introduction
Rare earths (RE) borides crystallize in a wide variety of crystalline structure types ranging from RE diborides (REB2), whose boron sublattice is formed by plane hexagons of boron atoms, to RE dodecaborides (REB12) and hectoborides (REB66), whose boron sublattice is formed by three-dimensional B12-cubooctahedra and B12-icosahedra [1].
The obtained values of the YB12 single crystal thermionic current density in this research (curves 1, 2 in Fig. 6, a) are greater than in [8 – 10] (curves 3 5 in Fig. 6, a) that may be owing to the different emitting surface structures and impurities presence on the polycrystalline surfaces.
Conclusions Thermionic properties of YB12 (100) are determined by the surface structure and composition.
Phase and structure transformations on the YB12 emitting surface result in significant anomalous Schottky effect and thermionic current density increase compared with the individual YB12.
Etourneau, Critical survey of rare-earth borides: Occurrence, crystal chemistry and physical properties, J.
The obtained values of the YB12 single crystal thermionic current density in this research (curves 1, 2 in Fig. 6, a) are greater than in [8 – 10] (curves 3 5 in Fig. 6, a) that may be owing to the different emitting surface structures and impurities presence on the polycrystalline surfaces.
Conclusions Thermionic properties of YB12 (100) are determined by the surface structure and composition.
Phase and structure transformations on the YB12 emitting surface result in significant anomalous Schottky effect and thermionic current density increase compared with the individual YB12.
Etourneau, Critical survey of rare-earth borides: Occurrence, crystal chemistry and physical properties, J.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita, Myrtha Karina, Elsy Rahimi Chaldun
The structure of the polymer chain is straight unbranched (β-1,4 glucopyronose) with hydroxyl and carboxyl fungsional groups[1].
The structure and size of the carbon nanotube was studied by using transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Hydrogen bonding betweenChitosan and BS alsohas given effect to crystal structure of carbon (dense).
Based on Bright Field Image (BFI) mode Fig.5, BS is shown has an amorphous structure of polysaccharide carbon, but still not in carbon nanotube form.
Chem.Eng (2011), pp: 1736-1742 [20] Information on http://www.mpilkington.com/Lecture_29.pdf M.Pilkington, “Prinsiples of inorganic chemistry
The structure and size of the carbon nanotube was studied by using transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Hydrogen bonding betweenChitosan and BS alsohas given effect to crystal structure of carbon (dense).
Based on Bright Field Image (BFI) mode Fig.5, BS is shown has an amorphous structure of polysaccharide carbon, but still not in carbon nanotube form.
Chem.Eng (2011), pp: 1736-1742 [20] Information on http://www.mpilkington.com/Lecture_29.pdf M.Pilkington, “Prinsiples of inorganic chemistry
Online since: February 2020
Authors: Louisa A. Saypulaeva, Shapiullah B. Abdulvagidov, Magomed M. Gadjialiev, Abdulabek G. Alibekov, Nina V. Melnikova, Vladimir S. Zakhvalinsky, Aleksey I. Ril’, Sergey V. Marenkin, Naida S. Abakarova
Properties of these components are promising for creating granular structures for spintronics.
At high density, when significant number of particles contacts each other, extended clusters may form in the structure, and the conductivity of such structure is complex.
Transition from tetragonal to monoclinic structure occurs in the 2.6-4.0 GPa interval.
Following model for the NMR mechanism in granular structures was proposed in [7, 8].
Into granular structures the angle between magnetic moments of ferromagnetic clusters is random when magnetic field is absent.
At high density, when significant number of particles contacts each other, extended clusters may form in the structure, and the conductivity of such structure is complex.
Transition from tetragonal to monoclinic structure occurs in the 2.6-4.0 GPa interval.
Following model for the NMR mechanism in granular structures was proposed in [7, 8].
Into granular structures the angle between magnetic moments of ferromagnetic clusters is random when magnetic field is absent.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: M.P. Lebedev, V.N. Tagrov, E.S. Lukin
As is known since ancient times, clay materials during firing form a strong material having a rather complex structure, in which particles of various compositions and sizes are present.
The traditional technology of ceramic building materials, including those used for internal and external cladding of buildings and structures is based largely on the use of high-quality ceramic raw materials.
Mullite can have an amorphous structure, or represent crystals in the form of prisms, needles and fibers.
Similar to any other building material, the type of brick structure and layout of the building should be chosen in accordance with the requirements depending on the level of seismic activity [11].
Abdrachimov, Investigation of ceramic composite material based on beidellite clay and ash and slag waste, Moscow: Solid Fuel Chemistry vol 3 Allerton Press, Inc., p. 49
The traditional technology of ceramic building materials, including those used for internal and external cladding of buildings and structures is based largely on the use of high-quality ceramic raw materials.
Mullite can have an amorphous structure, or represent crystals in the form of prisms, needles and fibers.
Similar to any other building material, the type of brick structure and layout of the building should be chosen in accordance with the requirements depending on the level of seismic activity [11].
Abdrachimov, Investigation of ceramic composite material based on beidellite clay and ash and slag waste, Moscow: Solid Fuel Chemistry vol 3 Allerton Press, Inc., p. 49
Online since: June 2012
Authors: V.S. Zhigalov, V.G. Myagkov, L.E. Bykova, G.N. Bondarenko, N.A. Drozdova, O.A. Bayukov
Parameters of the hyperfine structure of spectra were determined by fitting the model spectrum to an experimental spectrum in linear approximation by the least-squares method.
Mössbauer spectrum (Fig. 1а) and parameters of its hyperfine structure for the samples Cu/Fe(001) (Table I) confirm the a-Fe layer formation.
However, it surprisingly appeared that the a-Fe films on Cu2O/Cu(001) also grew in the a-Fe(110) orientation with the formation of the a-Fe(110)/Cu2O/Cu(001) film structure (Fig. 3b).
Conclusion The results presented in this paper show an interfacial structure different from the abrupt Fe/Cu interface suggested by the previous models.
Different orientations of the interfacial CuFe2O4-like layer on Fe (001) and Cu (001) determine the formation of different epitaxial Cu(001)/Fe(100) and Fe(110)/Cu(001) structures.
Mössbauer spectrum (Fig. 1а) and parameters of its hyperfine structure for the samples Cu/Fe(001) (Table I) confirm the a-Fe layer formation.
However, it surprisingly appeared that the a-Fe films on Cu2O/Cu(001) also grew in the a-Fe(110) orientation with the formation of the a-Fe(110)/Cu2O/Cu(001) film structure (Fig. 3b).
Conclusion The results presented in this paper show an interfacial structure different from the abrupt Fe/Cu interface suggested by the previous models.
Different orientations of the interfacial CuFe2O4-like layer on Fe (001) and Cu (001) determine the formation of different epitaxial Cu(001)/Fe(100) and Fe(110)/Cu(001) structures.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Kun Kun Wang, You Wu Su, Lin Song, Gang Cao, Gang Ren, Ming Yu Li
Equipment: home-made photo-electro- chemical catalytic reactor (structure showed as Fig.1); DJS-292 potentio-stat (Leici Xinjin Instrument Ltd., Shanghai); high-purity graphite ( Jinlong Special Type of Graphite Fac-tory, GZ); home-made TiO2 thin film[9]; ACO-9610 oxygen pump ( Haili Group, GZ); 721-spectrophotometer (Exact Science Instrument Ltd., Shanghai ); Lengguang Spectrumlab 54 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Lengguang Technology Ltd., Shang-hai); GGZ-125 Ultraviolet mercury lamp ( Yaming Lighting Ltd., Shanghai ); 85-1 magnetic stirrer (Sile Instrument Ltd., Shanghai); 217 saturated calomel electrode (Exact Science Instrument Ltd., Shanghai); MF47 multimeter (Jinchuan Ammeter LProduce Ltd., Nanjing); pHs-3C digital pH meter (Ridao Instrument); etc.
1.2 Experiment Procedures
1.2.1 Structure of the photo-electro-chemical catalytic reactor
Fig.1 shows the structure of the new photo reactor.
In the presence of UV radiation, H2O2 rapidly transforms into strong oxidant hydroxyl free-radicals (·OH), which can easily destroy the structures of organic chemicals.
UV-Vis absorb spectral analysis shows two major absorbance peaks at 320nm and 540nm have been much lower than origin, indicating that functional groups of the dye as azo group and aromatic structure are destroyed in the photo-electric-chemical catalytic reaction.
B Chemistry 2005,48(4): 297-304
Preparation , Structure and Electrochemical Properties, Chinese Journal Of Chemical Physic 2001,14(6):705-710 [10] Hoffman M R ,Martin S T ,Wonyong Choi , et al .
In the presence of UV radiation, H2O2 rapidly transforms into strong oxidant hydroxyl free-radicals (·OH), which can easily destroy the structures of organic chemicals.
UV-Vis absorb spectral analysis shows two major absorbance peaks at 320nm and 540nm have been much lower than origin, indicating that functional groups of the dye as azo group and aromatic structure are destroyed in the photo-electric-chemical catalytic reaction.
B Chemistry 2005,48(4): 297-304
Preparation , Structure and Electrochemical Properties, Chinese Journal Of Chemical Physic 2001,14(6):705-710 [10] Hoffman M R ,Martin S T ,Wonyong Choi , et al .
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Qiang Li, Yu Mei Li, Jia Jia Wang, Zhi Wen Zhao, Ying Zi Liu, Chun Jiang Ye, Da Ke Hao, Yan Hong Qu, Qing Qing Zhang, Jun Fa Li
Thus the structure of microbial community proved to be an important criterion to identify the soil sources.
Aritificial cultivated conditions can vastly influence original structure of microbial community.
Microbial community structures including diversity indexes and advantage species were discussed.
The significant differences were seen when samples were compared across microbial community structures.
Microbial diversity and community structure in two different agricultural soil communities.
Aritificial cultivated conditions can vastly influence original structure of microbial community.
Microbial community structures including diversity indexes and advantage species were discussed.
The significant differences were seen when samples were compared across microbial community structures.
Microbial diversity and community structure in two different agricultural soil communities.