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Effect of Cooling Rate, Tungsten Fiber Addition and Annealing on Deformation and Mechanical Properties of Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses Under a Nanoindenter SI Yi 1,a * 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Liaoning Petrochemical Vocational and Technology College, China asiyi9555@126.com Keywords: Zr–based bulk metallic glasses; nanoindention; deformation and mechanical properties; cooling rate effect ;annealing effect; tungsten fiber addition effect; plasticity and mechanism Abstract.
The structure of samples detected by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) using Cu Kα all consisted of amorphous structure.
There is no grain size or grain boundary in amorphous structure in which the atoms arrange in a random manner and compact packing as possible resulting in the form of compact random packing structure.
The mechanical properties of BGMs depend on the compactedness of the structure to a large extent, which is determined by the components and cooling rate (V) of the samples of BMGs during quenched.
(4) The contactedness of interior atomic-arranging, average freedom volumes and ordered structure of Zr-based BMG are the nature factors affecting their deformation and mechanical properties under a nanoindenter.

The thermal and chemical stability of these bonds are hypothesized to be determined by the nanostructure and molecular structure within the gel phase [1, 5].
As a result, the crystal structures appeared in XRD pattern with high intensity among background of amorphous phases in the ash-based geopolymer material.
Microstructures of the geopolymer-based material (sample of MixGeo6) had changed with appearance of new structure dissolved in background as shown in Figure 4.
The porous structures of alumino-silicate have existed with high concentration.
Davidovits, Geopolymer chemistry and application, 3rd editon, Institute Geopolymer, France, 2011

Saputri1 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Indonesia Islamic University, Yogyakarta, 55584, Indonesia aallwar@uii.ac.id Keywords: Composite, Palm Oil Shell, AC/ Fe3O4, Potential-Magnetic Abstract.
Fig. 3 Morphology structure of composite with magnitude 4000x zoom.
Based on the IUPAC classification the plot of isotherm exhibit types I corresponding to micro porous structure.
The result showed that palm oil shell has amorphous-like structure phase and its surface area is 8.05 m²/g.
The composite of Fe3o4/activated carbon has monolayer attributing of micro porous structure.

It appears, that hardenability is one of the key factors in achieving a "dual-phase" or "multiphase" structure particularly in the as rolled product.
Guidance for the design of thermomechanical controlled processing pass schedule for producing a fine and uniform austenite structure prior to the phase transformation was provided.
Structure of austenite grains after deformation 900 ºC/24% and cooling 60 ºC/s; sample etched in hot picric acid Austenite grain growth was restricted by precipitated particles when deformations 900 ºC/24% + 860 ºC/20% were applied causing further grain refinement Fig. 6.
Structure of austenite grains after deformation 900 ºC/24% + 860 ºC/20% and cooling at the rate 60 ºC/s to room temperature; sample etched in hot picric acid 0,05 0,2 0,8 4 21 110 Area, µm2 Fig.7.
Lis: Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol.81 (2003) p. 466-468

Co(OH)2 materials are attractive in view of their layered structure with large interlayer spacing, their well-defined electrochemical redox activity and possibility of the enhanced performance through different preparative methods [14,15].
Among the existing synthetic approaches to the Co(OH)2 materials, electrochemical techniques are of great interest due to their unique principles and flexibility in the control of the structure and morphology of the film materials [16-18].
Fig. 1 (a) shows that nickel foam has 3 dimensional, cross-linked grid structure, with uniform rough surface.
The unique nanoflakes porous structure can be maintained after the electrochemical properties tests (Fig. 1 (c)).
This might be caused by the films nanoflakes structure, allowing better access to the electrolyte, and thus increased electrochemical activity.

Shimomura 2 1 Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland 2 National Institute of Material Science, Namiki I-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan Keywords: silver clusters, sodalite, EPR Abstract.
Result and discussion Structure of sodalite framework.
Materials with a sodalite structure, while not generally considered as being in the zeolite family, are very closely related.
The sodalite structure is chemically highly adaptable in terms of substitution in both the framework and cubooctahedral interstices (ionic sites).
The frameworks structure is presented in the Figure 1.

Structure of the Ni coated Mo/Mo silicide wire as revealed in cross sectional view is presented in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 Secondary electron micrographs (a, b) revealing structure of compacted Ni coated Mo/Mo silicide wire composite Microstructural analysis in Fig. 5 revealed the distribution of Mo, Si and Ni in the interfacial zone.
Particularly it provides structures exhibiting various kinds of structural inhomogeneities including pores, voids and cracks.
It appears that extremely high compaction temperatures are required to get the fully compacted structures, what is difficult to realize in practice.
They are believed to be governed by local chemistry.

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue over Co-Ag3VO4 under visible light irradiation Shuowiei Zhao1,a, Hui Xu2,b, Huaming Li2,c,*, Yuanguo Xu2,d 1 Zhenjiang Institute of Environmental Science, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; 2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R.China; bE-mail:xh@@ujs.edu.cn, *cE-mail: lihm@ujs.edu.cn Key words: Co-Ag3VO4; visible light; photocatalytic; methylene blue.
BiVO4, with a scheelite monoclinic structure[18-20], and AgNbO3 [21], with a perovskite structure showed photocatalytic activities for O2 evolution from aqueous solutions containing Ag+ as electron scavenger under visible light irradiation.
Jiao, Monoclinic structured BiVO4 nanosheets: hydrothermal preparation, formation mechanism, and coloristic and photocatalytic properties.
[20] S.Tokunaga, H.Kato, A.Kudo, Selective preparation of monoclinic and tetragonal BiVO4 with scheelite structure and their photocatalytic properties.
Kudo, Role of Ag+ in the band structures and photocatalytic properties of AgMO3 (M: Ta and Nb) with the perovskite structure.

Diagram of molecular structure of CAPB Materials and experimental methods Preparation of the samples. 0.10 mol / L Ca (NO3) 2 and 0.06 mol / L (NH4)3PO4 solution were prepared respectively, standby.
This particular structure makes the HA has a larger surface area, so that it has great potential in terms of adsorbed on the catalyst as well as drug delivery.
With the continuous release of Ca2 + from the rod-like micelles - Ca2 + complex, HA nuclei priority growth along the rod-like micelles into a one-dimensional rod-like structure.
Therefore, nucleation from a surface of the spherical micelle, the rod-like micelles induce the HA nucleating directional growth, and finally generate a three-dimensional pore structure HA microspheres.
The CAPB and HA structure crystal ion interaction, the role of enhanced as the CAPB concentration increases, and can affect the HA crystal morphology, embody CAPB induced crystal nucleation and growth.

In particular, morphology-controlled syntheses of nano-structured optical materials have great significance in systematic fundamental studies of crystal growth and exploring new applications.
As is known, GdVO4 with zirconia structure is a promising material for rare earth-activated oxide phosphors and near-infrared lasers [4].
All XRD patterns can be readily indexed to a zirconia-type tetragonal structure with lattice constants comparable to the values given in JCPDS 72–0277 [14].
But a second phase could be detected when the pH rose to 14, and all the peaks of second phase could be indexed to the Gd(OH)3 (JCPDS Card No.38-1042) [14] with hexagonal structure.
Chen, Spectroscopic properties of lanthanides in nanomaterials, in: Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, edited by K.A.