Search results

Granules should be strong enough to allow rearrangement prior to granule deformation/fracture (i.e. to pack more efficiently), but weak enough to completely break down, deform, and knit together during compaction to produce a homogeneous power compact void of any remnants of the original granule structure [1-2,5-7,14] The pressing pressure used to shape-form a granulated powder should be high enough to break down the granule structure, but low enough to avoid excessive wear on the press tooling and equipment.
An analysis of the fracture surface of a pressed powder compact formed at low pressure will reveal the granule structure and granule deformation (Figure 2).
A unique sintering curve exists for a given powder processed in a given manner, because the MSC is determined by the: 1) chemistry; 2) physical characteristics (e.g., particle size/distribution); and 3) green microstructure (e.g., particle packing and compact density).
Ewsuk, in Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry, Vol III: Applications, IOP Publishing Ltd., Philadelphia, (2001) 2457-2472

With the development of microbiological science and technology, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) is perhaps the most commonly used among the culture-independent fingerprinting techniques in recent years [11], which can be used to describe both cultivable and uncultivable bacteria in a population, especially, has provided new methods for analyzing the structure and species composition of complex microbial communities in a wide range of samples.
Within the two groups, different forms of single bacteria colony were obtained by culture-dependent methods, and the classification and calculation of bacteria according to its appearance and cell microscopy morphology, such as colony size, shape, color, texture, colony of edge structure, uplift, surface morphology, glossiness and transparency etc.
Tea polyphenol could damage the structure of cell membrane, which resulted in the increase of permeability of cell membrane and release of cell components [24].
Food Chemistry, 114, 1173–1182
Food Chemistry, 3: 393−397

The latest applications of chitin and chitosan in wastewater treatment Shoufeng Yang1,2, Hongcai Zhang1,2, Yixiang Shi1, Ajun Wan 1* 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China Key words: chitin, chitosan, molecularly imprinted polymers, wastewater treatment, heavy metal Abstract: Chitosan has multiple applications due to its advantages including availability, biocompatibility and biodegradability in food, agriculture, material science and so on.
As was showed, the chitosan is combined with heavy metal (molecular template) under the ultrasonic treatment firstly, and then certain elution solution is added to elute template molecules, which results in porous structure on the surface of MIPs.
The adsorptive mechanism is that the molecular structure has a great deal of free amino under the condition of acidityand then it is protonated, which makes chitosan possess positive charge so that it can absorb negative ions dyed materials in sewage.
The results displayed that efficiency of adsorption of Hg was influenced by period of treatment, the particle size, initial concentration of Hg ion and quantity of chitosan. chitosan flakes of 0.4-4 mm can be used as absorbent for the removal of Cr (III) from wastewater and the results indicated that the adsorption capacity increased with a decrease in the size of the flakes and Cr (III) ions were preferably adsorbed on the outer surface of chitosan from wastewater. 3.2 Colour removal from textile mill effluents Due to its unique molecular structure, chitosan has an extremely high affinity for many classes of dyes, including disperse, direct, reactive, acid, vat, sulfur and naphthol dyes.
Ajun Wan School of chemistry and chemical engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, 200240 E-mail: wanajun@sjtu.edu.cn References [1] N.

Due to its complex layered structure, a strong biaxial texture of the YBCO grains is necessary to achieve technically relevant currents.
It has an orthorhombic layered structure containing two CuO2 planes, separated by a plane of Y atoms and sandwiched by a double layer of Ba-O and Cu-O chains.
(In case of δ > 0.5 the material has a tetragonal structure which is not superconducting). 018 much smaller within the ab-plane.
In the EBSD orientation map of the as-rolled sheet surface a laminar structure is evident, parallel to the rolling direction (RD).
At present, the efforts in solution chemistry mainly address the control over the structural evolution of the as-deposited film to the crystalline ceramic state occurring during film synthesis

The purpose is to illustrate the effect of molecular structure, size and charge location upon dispersing effectiveness.
The resultant effects on zeta potential and stability of the suspension depend on the size and structure of the dispersing additives [4,7].
With increasing shear stress the liquid entrapped inside the flocks is released and a more ordered structure forms in the flow direction, resulting in a decrease of viscosity [15].
Removing the shear stress resulted in thixotropic response for all systems, i.e., in gradual increase of viscosity, as a result of structures recovery [4].
Bergström: Surface and Colloid Chemistry in Advanced Ceramics Processing (Marcel Decker, N.

Chemical Structure of AMHP-CA conjugate.
Similar structures were observed in the self-assembly of pyrrole containing purine nucleosides [42].
Karl Fath at the Queens College Core Facilities for Imaging, Cell and Molecular Biology for the use of the transmission electron microscope and the Chemistry Department at Queens College for the use of the CD spectrophotometer.
Chen, Complex self-assembly of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine nucleoside supramolecular structures.
Neidle, Nucleic Acid Structure and Recognition.

Satula, D. et al. found that for FeNi alloy with a content below 27 wt. % of Ni, the structure was bcc; for higher nickel contents, the structure was fcc [12].
This lamellar structure is gradually destroyed with increasing milling time.
The results obtained by XRD of the crystal structure were also confirmed by EDS mappings.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 260, (2021)124155
ŚlawskaWaniewska, Magnetic-field-induced synthesis of amorphous iron-nickel wire-like nanostructures” Materials Chemistry and Physics, 246,(2020)

A Comparative Study of metal oxides (CaO, CuO and CaO/CuO) effects on the Morphology and Thermal Stability of PANI nanofibers Mohammad Mizanur Rahman Khan1,2,a*, Wan Ahmad Kamil Mahmood1,b, Yee Keat Wee1,c, Hanis Binti Azizan1,d 1School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. 2Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh.
Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed that the addition of CaO, CuO and CaO/CuO consistently produce composite material in nanofibers structures.
The fourth step weight loss observed for the samples correspond to the further degradation of PANI structure which required higher temperature to be decomposed [17].
FESEM showed that the addition of CaO, CuO and CaO/CuO consistently produced composites material in nanofibers structures.
Lu, Effect of Ni2+ as a Codopant on the structure, morphology and conductivity of nanostructured polyaniline, J.

Isothermal crystallization behavior and kinetics of poly(lactic acid) filled with a novel nucleating agent Nai Xu1,2,a, Xinghui Wang1,2,b, Lisha Pan1,2,c*, Sujuan Pang 1,2,d, Xuan Chen1,2,e, Shuyu Yang1,2,f, Qiang Lin3,g 1 College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China. 2 Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China. 3 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Hainan, Haikou, 571158, China.
axunai1978@gmail.com, b312010459@qq.com, chappylisap@163.com, dpsjuan@hainu.edu.cn, e1013284367@qq.com, f441306421@qq.com, glinqianggroup@126.com (Corresponding Author：Lisha Pan) Keywords: PLA, nucleating agent, isothermal crystallization, kinetics Abstract The crystallization behavior and crystalline structure of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) filled with a novel nucleating agent (TMC328), which is a kind of aromatic amide derivatives, were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray (XRD).
The nucleating effect of TMC328 on the isothermal crystallization behavior and crystal structure of PLA was studied by DSC and XRD.
And then these nuclei grew by the addition of more segments until a stable crystalline structure developed.
The crystal structure of PLA crystallized isothermally was not modified by the presence of TMC328, and still formed α-form.

Several types of research have been focused on improving structure properties (improving surface properties and the porous structure) of magnesium silicate by chemical synthesis on nanoscale [1, 4- 7].
Nevertheless, the aerogel is recognized and evaluated as a material with special structure and properties, regardless of the preparation or drying method.
The chemical structures of the aerogels in the wavenumber range of 650–4000 cm−1 were determined by FT-IR (Shimadzu IR Prestige 21, Kyoto, Japan).
This decrease in surface area was most probably due to the deforming or collapse of the pore structure.
Lu, Micro/nanoscale magnesium silicate with hierarchical structure for removing dyes in water, Mater Lett. 196, (2017) 194-197.