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The optimal number of SiO2 and Al2O3 nanopowders in the formulation is 0.5 wt. % that has the strongest effect on ultimate compressive strength and water absorption of the fly ash ceramics samples.
Fly ash contains valuable oxides, such as SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, CaO, and MgO, and is considered as an inexpensive fine-grained material in the industry for production of ceramic tiles [4, 5].
Herewith, an increase in the number of SiO2 and Al2O3 nanopowders in the formulation of more than 0.5 wt. % does not lead to a further increase in ultimate compressive strength and is impractical with the technical and economic component of the project.

A number of desiccation tests were conducted to observe the crack behaviour of manufactured kaolin clay at laboratory scale.
The Atterberg’s Limit test was carried out for classification of fine grained soil following the steps outlined in BS1337:1990 Part 2-Classification Tests.
The samples are identified according to their base materials, number, average room temperature (30°C) and sample thickness.

A number of studies viz., optical absorption, luminescence and FTIR spectra also have been carried out on these glasses.
These pictures clearly indicate that prepared glasses do not contain any crystal grains confirming amorphous nature to them.
Thus the sample doped with low content of CuO is exhibiting high intensity and half width that contain more number of Cu+ ions rather than rest of the glasses which helps in confirming the fact observed from optical absorption spectra.

The grains are separated in this way automatically at the normal temperature and for several hours (or by force) by heating to a specific temperature, depending on the type of dissolved element, as shown in Figure (3)[15]
Thus, the number of specimens prepared is nine.
Then, each sample was cut in two, bringing the number of specimens ready for heat treatment to eighteen.
Adraa Najeeb, “ Effect of Distributing Steel Fibers on Some Properties of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete”, Journal of Engineering , Number 4 Volume 28 April 2022, http://www.joe.uobaghdad.edu.iq/ [9] R.
Nada Mahdi Fawzi, “Effect of Fly Ash on Some Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete”, Journal of Engineering , Number 11 Volume 27 November 2021, http://www.joe.uobaghdad.edu.iq/ [11] F.

Bunch-type large-sized (100 ~ 200 mm in diameter) Ni grains were used as the catalyst for the formation of the carbon coils.
They also confirmed the formation of the geometrically controlled carbon coils by the gas phase composition cycling on/off modulation numbers [12].
Indeed, we could observe a few numbers of L-CMCs on the surface of the substrate.

The results showed a significant reduction in the number of solid particles, with an average reduction of 80%.
The fine silica sand used in this study has a grain size of around 0.1–0.2 mm.
The grain size is around 0.5–1.0 mm.
In the context of water, resistivity is greatly influenced by the number of dissolved ions present in the water.
Therefore, its resistivity is higher due to the lower number of ions.

A limited number of failure zones and damage mechanisms could be distinguished for all steel grades investigated.
Despite the complexity of spot welds fracture under such loading modes, a limited number of fracture processes and failure zones were identified in this study and are discussed in the following. 3- Fracture processes 3.1- Interfacial Failures in Cross Tension (FIFI, PIF).
Failure occurs finally at point C from the notch 2mm 2mm A B C A B C Figure 3: Crack propagation during the Cross Tension test of a DP980 2.0mm spot weld OM microtomography OM OM 50µm 50µm a) b) Figure 2: SEM fractographs of spot welds presenting (partial) interfacial failures in Cross Tension: a) DP980 2.0mm (PIF), b) TRIP780 1.5mm (FIF) SEM SEM tip, which usually propagated up to the Coarse Grain HAZ (CGHAZ) - nugget boundary.

Based on ASTM D 6270 - 08e1 [30], it was composed of waste tires that had been mechanically chopped using multiple chopping steps and were sieved with mesh numbers of 3/8", No.4, No.10, No.40 and No.100.
By this consideration, the soil was mixed with 0%, 8%, 10% and 14% granulated rubber by weight with the same grain size distribution.
This result was predictable by comparing the stiffness of rubber and soil grains.
Also, by replacement of the soil grains with granulated rubber the mixture becomes more softer and the shear modulus decreases.
In Hardin/Drnevich model in FLAC software, reference shear strain (γr) is used as Hardin number to determine the dynamic behavior of the material.

With the implementation of“Grain for Green Project” from 1980s in mountain areas of China, many fast-growing plantations were planted for increasing tree coverage.
Shannon-wiener index is adopted to evaluate the diversity of the herb layer: (2) Where is community diversity; is number of individuals of theth-species; is total number of individuals of all kinds.
The value increases with an increased number of species in a community, and it usually falls between 1.5 and 3.5 and rarely surpasses 4[14].
The general trend of the herb species number is that it decrease under the Acacia mearnsii and Leucaena leucocephala plantations, but increase under the plantations of Eucalyptus spp. and Pinus yunnanensis with the increase of tree age and canopy coverage.
The distribution of herb species under plantations of Pinus yunnanensis become more evenly, and this can be shown by the increase of the Shannon-wiener index, which reaches a relatively high number of 2.6 under the 20 years old ones(Figure 3).

ISO has more than 200 technical committees, and they are numbered in the order of the establishment.
The latest number of TC is TC296.
The total number of publication is 81.
Figure 1 shows the number of published ISO standards from TC206 by year.
monolithic ceramics at elevated temperatures ISO 18558: Test method for determining elastic modulus and bending strength of ceramic tube and rings ISO 18756: Determination of fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics at room temperature by the surface crack in flexure (SCF) method ISO 20501: Weibull statistics for strength data ISO 20808: Determination of friction and wear characteristics of monolithic ceramics by ball-on-disk method ISO 22214: Test method for cyclic bending fatigue of monolithic ceramics at room temperature ISO 22215: Test method for tensile creep of monolithic ceramics ISO 23146: Test methods for determination of fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics – Single edge vee-notch beam (SEVNB) method ISO 24370: Test method for fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics at room temperature by chevron notched beam (CNB) method WG7: Monolithic ceramics/ Physical and thermal properties (7 items) ISO 13383-1: Microstructural characterisation - Part 1: Determination of Grain