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According to the Rayleigh number, it is well known that the natural convection strongly depends on the characteristic length for flow.
Typical seaweed structure observed on the leading grain is delineated by yellow dashed line.
Unlike what was achieved for degenerate-seaweed growth in organic alloys[70, 76, 77], the anisotropic primary Al-solid phase was not forced to grow close to {111} plane so that grain competition was attempting to select with time resulting in grain(s) growing closer to <100>-direction.
Growth and interaction of dendritic equiaxed grains: In situ characterization by synchrotron X-ray radiography, Acta Mater. 61 (2013) 1303-1315
In situ and real-time analysis of the growth and interaction of equiaxed grains by synchrotron x- ray radiography, IOP Conf.

The angle of inclination was determined at which a joint of the highest quality was produced, having the least number of defects.
The inclination angle was determined, at which a joint of the highest quality was produced having the least number of defects.
The smallest number of pores was observed in downhill welding at the angle of inclination being 60°.
The number of emergency shutdowns differs for different weld positions.
Lesyk, Laser sintering of abrasive layers with inclusions of cubic boron nitride grains, Lasers Manuf.

Further research shows that with sintering temperature rises, C3S in belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker gradually increase in number, improved in development, more evenly distributed, and clearer in crystal boundary.
It is found that in Fig.5 (a) and (b) C2S minerals are about 20-30μm, having regular form of round grain and clear boundary.

The results indicate that for the particles of cornstalks between 0 and 0.45mm, the dispersivity and foaming are difficult when the filling amount is beyond 35% because of the fine grain and specific surface area.
Main performance index of compound Polyurethane foam plastic board It is concluded form a large number of experimental results that compound Polyurethane foam plastic board has a better comprehensive properties when the size distribution of particles of cornstalks is 0.45～1.5mm, and the filling amount is 30%.

The sample quality is 500±1 grain, accurate to 0.19.
With the increasing number of weighted factors, the optimization α is needed for different error levels.

Infiltration in the casting process, WC grain by weight to the composite surface layer is mainly embedded in the surface composite layer, the more close to the substrate, WC particles move the more difficult the content is less, rarely seen in the transition layer of WC particles.
WC Local also increased integration into the molten iron in the iron matrix of tungsten and carbon content(As EDAX probe C, B element is not sensitive to atomic number 8 or above only gives the element EDS).

Table1 Physical propeties of materials used Materials Type Symbol Physical propety Bonding materials Portland cement C Density: 3.14 g/cm3 Fly ash F Density: 2.60 g/cm3 Mixture material Special mixture for porous concrete PM Density: 2.78 g/cm3 Fine aggregate Silica sand S Density: 2.62 g/cm3 Coarse aggregage ALC aggregate Gy Grain diameter: 15-20mm, Density: 1.04 g/cm3 , Absorption factor: 86%.
Table 4 Measurement results of unit volumetric mass and continuous void ratio Specimen numbers Unit volumtric mass(g/cm3) Continuous void ratio(%) No.1, No.2 No.3, No.4 No.1, No.2 No.3, No.4 1 0.88 0.94 32.8 26.5 2 0.92 0.93 29.7 26.5 3 0.90 0.93 28.0 27.2 4 0.91 0.92 26.3 27.7 5 0.89 0.92 27.8 28.0 6 0.93 0.93 26.9 27.9 Table 5 Test results of compressive strength Compressive strength (MPa) 7 days 28 days F/(C+F) =0% 1.7 1.9 F/(C+F) =40% 2.0 2.2 Conclusions The porous concrete planting foundation weighs approximately 110 kg/m2, which is far lighter than 180 kg/m2 loading weight.

The reasoning behind this is that in the real contact zone, at a given time, a limited number of grains make contact with the work piece.

In the same design and construction level, the number of overhaul fixed years of the cement is 1 times longer than the asphalt pavement.
Using small construction tools drilling through the cement panel, to fill the cement slurry ash next board, through the high pressure make bottom on the loose, basic level and to place is void place can link close-grained panel in order to achieve the purpose of panel uniform load transfer. 4.3 prevention board edge slab disease measures The cement concrete pavement of plate edge is mainly caused by concrete’s temperature shrinkage deformation and inadequate strength; broken horn mainly because the concrete floor is void and their own flexural strength is low.

Interlayer grain of interface is smaller, it is not stratification and its thickness is variety.
For the sake of reducing prestressing lost, its measure must be operable such as altering pull load or changing space and number of group anchor cables.Tensile load is not influence factor of prestressing loss, but prestressing loss percent is different under the condition of different tensile loads.