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When blended, biodiesel has similar physical and chemical properties to mineral diesel and perfectly miscible [9, 10].
The nationalization of hydrocarbon sector, in 1971, had affected deeply the government’s policies as this sector took an increasingly share of the national economy.
Emission factors are determined from the chemical composition, especially C/H ratio, of the consumed fuel and its calorific value.
CO2 and NOx emission factors for each fuel Fuel type Energy density (kWh/kg fuel) (High Heating Value) [51] Carbon content by weight % [52] Emission factor (kgCO2/toe)[51] Emission factor (kgNOx/toe)[53] Diesel 13.9 86.5 3150 1.10 Gasoline 12.7 84.6 3066 2.47 The emission benefits of conventional diesel motor bi-fuelling with CNG 95% and 5% diesel are listed in Table 2.
Bokhari, "Fuels properties, characterizations and engine and emission performance analyses of ternary waste cooking oil biodiesel–diesel–propanol blends," Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 35, pp. 321-334, 2019/10/01/ 2019

In addition, the continuous integer programming problem leads to a large number of redundant solution space with redundant search, thus affecting the convergence speed.
Similar method was used to solve the target assignment and multicast routing optimization problem [30], [31], [32].Integrated with workflow features, through the concept of replacement factor, defined workflow scheduling algorithm based on discrete particle swarm and the definiation is applied to rusk scheduling of workflow[33].
Novel Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Huge Value Penalty for Solving Engineering Problem [J], Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2009, 22(3): 410-418
A hierarchical mamdani － type fuzzy modeling approach with new training data selection and multi － objective optimization mechanisma: A special application for the prediction of mechnical properties of alloy steels［J］.
Research on Discrete Multi-objective Optimization Problem [J], MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ＆ AUTOMATION. 2011, 5:206-208.

Science philosophy is revealed by the cognition and belief regarding the fundamental nature of science and deeply affects science education (Cho, H., 1998).
The third major goal is personal-social development, which has not had a clearly defined terminology; it has been a latent factor and has vacillated in prominence more than the other two goals.
Rather, systemics regards the totality composed of interrelated components, and claims that the system does have gestalt as the property of the whole.
System science is a scientific-technological area concerning the patterns, general properties, and dynamics of systems as well as system methodology and its application, whereas systemology, the basic principles of system science, is an academic discipline concerning the basic concept, characteristics, laws, and classifications of general system (Pak, C., 1997).
Hence, it tried to maintain and control science education from the perspective of mechanical determinism.

This type of material is characterised by excellent mechanical properties compared to its weight and can be applied with different configurations, allowing the preservation of the geometric and architectural detail of the reinforced structural element.
These values evidence that the mortar has better mechanical properties than the tuff.
In particular, this load increment can be explained by two phenomena: 1) the higher mechanical properties of the mortar joints compared to the ones of the tuff, and 2) the additional bond resistant mechanism provided by the mortar joints due to a sort of ‘interlocking’ of the ribs formed in the mortar joints and contrasting the slip respect to the masonry substrate.
It can be observed that for the single blocks the maximum shear stress is about 3 MPa in the case of CFRP and GFRP without plastering and about 2 MPa for BFRP; in case of plastering the shear strength increases up to about 5 MPa, confirming the positive effect of the plastering into enhancing locally the mechanical properties of the first millimetres of tuff under the FRP reinforcement as already evidenced in [4, 5].
The mean value of the numerical factor kG is assumed 0.157 for support made of tuff stone.

As a typical ferroelectric, piezoelectric and electro-optic material, having such characteristics as relatively low dielectric constant, low resonance frequency temperature, low aging rate, high mechanical quality factor and high Curie point (675ºC) [5,6], Bi4Ti3O12 exhibits the widely promising future in application, such as information storage, ferroelectric photo-valve arrays and holographic memory paging.
The larger particle Bi4Ti3O12 crystal on the films surface, the more homogeneous precipitation, which lead to the super-saturation degree of the precursor solution would be affected to be decreased.
Ye, et al, Progress in the structure and properties of ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films, J.
Xiao, et al, A study of ferroelectric (Bi4-xLax)Ti3O12 ceramic properties, Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics (in Chinese). 24 (2002) 199-201
Cao, Ferroelectric properties of neodymium-doped Bi4Ti3O12 thin films crystallized in different environments, Thin Solid Films. 471 (2005) 35-39

Since micro-pool lubrication technology has been applied in mechanical face seal since early time, there have been more studies on this aspect[4].
Table 1, Parameter selection for surface micro-pool structure Influence factor Diameter[μm] Depth[μm] Interval[μm] diameter 70 30 100 Production of a micro-pool drill.
The micro-pool drill, however, was smaller in the scope affected by stress when working and the stress was more evenly distributed.
Moreover, since 2# micro high pressure lithium grease is featured with good ground-adhering ability, much solid lubricant will stick to and drag on the surface to form a layer of stable lubricant film layer which causes the friction to happen in the inside of the lubricant film and improve anti-friction property of the contact surface.
Burstein: A model for Mechanical Seals With Regular Microsurface Structure (Tribology Transactions, Philadelphia 1996)

They can be used alone and also combined with other types of natural sources to increase antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties to enhance and accelerate the wound healing processes and prevent wound infections [9].
Besides the mechanical properties, the plasticizer reduces the transparency of biofilms [15].
The thickness of membranes was also affected by ionic gelation process using CaCl2.
Conclusion In the present study, 3-D AL membranes were developed to their physical and biological properties.
Valdez, Chitosan/Hydrophilic Plasticizer-Based Films: Preparation, Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties, J.

Introduction Ni-based superalloys, mainly consisting of disordered face-centered cubic γ matrix phase (fcc_A1 structure) and ordered γ′ precipitate phase (fcc_L12 structure), usually possess excellent high-temperture mechanical properties and are thus widely used as ideal materials for highly loaded trubine blades in aero-engine and powder generation gas turbine.
Therefore, one of the key factors limiting the lifetime of TBCs lies on the interdiffusion between the bond-coat and the underlying Ni-based superalloy [10].
In this case, the thermodynamic factors and mobility parameters in the numerical inverse method are only treated as the numerical parameters without any physical meaning.
Those factors lead to the fact that the rate of Al atoms transferring to the interface is larger than that leaving the interface.
Jiang, Thermodynamic properties of the Al-Fe-Ni system acquired via a hybrid approach of calorimetry, first-principles and CALPHAD, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 5324-5341

Because VHCF life is rather governed by crack initiation than by crack growth [10, 12], damage evolution is strongly affected by the local microstructure.
Table 2: Mechanical properties of X10CrNiMoV12-2-2 at room temperature Vickers hardness 334 HV Yield strength 843 MPa Ultimate tensile strength 1001 MPa Elongation at fracture 17.7 % Contraction at fracture 58 % Young´s Modulus 213 GPa Cylindrical rods were taken from the blade root by electro-discharge-machining and turned to the final specimen geometry with cylindrical gauge length of 10 mm and a diameter of 3 mm [21].
Li, Effects of inclusions on very high cycle fatigue properties of high strength steels, Int.
Yang, Factors influencing the GBF size of high strength steels in the very high cycle fatigue regime, Materials Science and Engineering: A, In Press, Corrected Proof (2010)
Lu, Very high cycle fatigue properties of bearing steel under axial loading condition, International Journal of Fatigue, 31 (2009) 880-888

Therefore, the ultra-low interlayer friction and stable mechanical properties of cabon nanotube (CNT) make it an ideal material for the design of such nanomotors.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered widespread adoption in nanomotors [11-21, 24-26, 28] owing to their exceptional mechanical properties.
The mechanical properties of the relative motion between layers in double-walled carbon nanotubes are significantly influenced by various factors, including the chirality and length of the tube walls, as well as the distinct combinations of chirality observed between adjacent tube walls.
Lorents, Mechanical and thermal-properties of carbon nanotubes, Carbon, 33 (1995) 925-930
Hone, Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene, Science, 321 (2008) 385-388