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Bamboo presents a tremendous economic potential, as it reaches its full growth in only a few months and its maximum mechanical resistance in a few years, besides the fact that it occurs in abundance in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the globe.
These strategic functions are: to carry out an inventory of technological resources (available technologies, expertise and skills); to evaluate technological resources, their strengths and weaknesses, and their economic potential; to optimize (make the best use of technological resources); to enrich technological resources through investigation, acquisition, alliance, research, development, improvement, innovation, renewal and replacement, as well as to further develop human technological expertise and skills by recruiting, training and team building; to watch developments in the scientific, technological and competitive environment employing an appropriate technological vigilance and intelligence system; to protect technological resources by safeguarding intellectual property, and by preserving human expertise and skills.
Sensitivity to public criticism and the fear of political fallout from selection and evaluation findings are inhibiting factors.
The likelihood/probabilities of these assumptions should be analyzed at the formulation stage and monitored throughout implementation, as it is a decisive factor for taking corrective actions or modifying the work plan. 3.3 NOCMAT R&D Projects Outcomes Evaluation For the elaboration of a NOCMAT project different proposal should be examined.
Each one receives specific inputs generating results that directly affect each respective domain.

Mechanical property of an oxide scale such as cracking and exfoliation behavior is strongly influenced by the microstructure in the scale, for example,. existence of voids.
d d Xz c B t r L z c B t         (35) and the following relation can be obtained 00 00 dd ( )d ( )d dd dd ( )d ( )d dd tt tt L t r t ttr LL L tt tt          (36) The ratio of thickness of inner and outer scales is expressed as r L   (37) This fact indicates that the ratio is always constant and determined by the kinetic factors at both interfaces. 3.4 Growth rate of the total scale 2 II II 2 I I p-ox MX M M M X X 2 II I d( ) d d () d d d () ab X X k Vk L L z c B z c B t t t L bz L             (38) where 2 II II
2 I I MX M M M X X p-ox 2 II I () ab X X Vkz c B z c B k bz   (39) Eq. (38) provides the parabolic rate law 2 p-ox ( ) 2L k t  (40) Eq.(39) differs from the Wagners one by the factor of 2 II II 2 I I M M M X X II I () X z c B z c B   (41) The value of Eq. (41) being larger than unity is the indication of the void formation in the scale. 3.5 Void formation in the scale during oxidation Amount of voids formed in the scale is related to the difference in fluxes which is injected at the interface II and extracted from the interface I.
This fact indicates that grain boundary diffusion strongly affects to the scale growth.

Electrochemical Properties.
It should be noted that the morphology of the material, microstructure of the electrodes, the calcination temperature and the change in porosity of the materials will affect the charge transfer properties at the phase boundaries [42].
Kalai Selvan, Structural, electrical and electrochemical properties of co-precipitated SrFeO3−δ.
Baran, Structural chemistry and physicochemical properties of perovskite-like materials.
Lee, Structural analysis and electrochemical properties of cobalt-doped Sr0.9Ce0.1MnO3−δ cathode for IT-SOFCs.

Introduction Zirconium dioxide (alternatively termed as zirconia) is a wide band-gap (5.0–5.5 eV) metal oxide which embodies a rare combination of advantageous thermal, electronic, mechanical and chemical properties [1].
An integration of another metal oxide into the YSZ system needs not necessarily magnify a phase-stabilisation effect, but it may influence positively other characteristics of the material, e.g. mechanical properties, ionic conductivity, thermal stability and sintering temperature.
All these factors thus should be kept under control.
Indeed, an increasing volume fraction of GB’s starts to significantly influence various functional properties of the material, for example electronic or ionic conductivity.
The history of precipitates and calcination processing mode are the most important factors that determine the final size of nanoparticles and the development of their surface.

Macedo Farias5,f 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Zip Code 58429-900, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil 2Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pernambuco, Belo Jardim, PE, 55155-000, Brazil 3Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55600-000, Brazil 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Zip Code 58429-900, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil 4Department of Technology and Development, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Zip Code 58540-000, Sumé, PB, Brazil abruno_ufcg_@hotmail.com, bvansostenes.miranda@belojardim.ifpe.edu.br, cmarcos.oliveira@vitoria.ifpe.edu.br, dantonio.gilson@ufcg.edu.br, essgr98@yahoo.com.br, ffabianapmf@msn.com Keywords: Hydrocyclone.
The form, length and diameter of the vortex finder directly affect the separation efficiency and cut-off diameter d50[11 – 15].
The dimensions and form of the conical region affect pressure drop, separation efficiency, cut-off diameter d50 and liquid ratios [16].
For the physical model used in the simulation, the fluid properties were considered to be constant.
Moment discretization Second order upwind Turbulent kinetic energy Second order upwind Turbulent dissipation Second order upwind Reynolds Tension Second order upwind Transient formulation Implicit second order Time step 0.001 s Convergence criterion b) Discrete phaseparameters Particle inlet velocity 10 m / s Discrete random walk model Number of tickets 30 Time scale 0.002 s Maximum number of interactions: Time step factor 800 Precision control Tolerance Maximum number of refinements 1000 Low order integration Analytic Particle treatment Steady particle tracking Studied cases.

Parameter Unit Value Comment αd degrees 45 Chosen value for the semi-die angle β - 0.95 Typical value for efficiency factor [1] c J (kg K)-1 900 Specific heat capacity of alloy in billet (estimated) cc J (kg K)-1 490 Specific heat capacity of container alloy (steel) [1] C s-1 7.0 x 108 Material constant in Eq. 3, [6,10] Dc m 0.100 Container diameter De m 0.009 Extrusion diameter (rod shaped extrusion) kss MPa (wt%)-3/4 3.0 Material constant in Eq. 6, [6,10] kd MPa (m-1) 4.8 Material constant in Eq. 7, [6,10] k4 - 0.55 Constant in Eq. 13 k5 Kms(N)-1 8.0 x 10-8 Constant in Eq. 17 λ W (mK)-1 150 Thermal conductivity of alloy in billet (estimated) λc W (mK)-1 32.7 Thermal conductivity of container alloy (steel) [1] Lb m 0.20 Billet length Ld m 0.001 Die bearing length n - 5.0 Material constant in Eq. 3, [6,10] Qapp J (mol)-1 156000 Apparent activation energy [6,10] ρ kg (m-3) 2700 Density of alloy in billet (estimated) ρc kg (m-3) 7860 Density of container alloy (steel) [1] Rg J (K mol)-1 8.314
There is also an effect of critical temperatures Tc for the transition from “no tearing” to “tearing” for each alloy, which is alloy dependent and therefore affects the diagrams in Fig. 6.
In increments of 5 °C, the dashed lines show how temperature deviations in the analytically calculated exit temperature affects the prediction of the extrusion limit curve.
Myhr: The effect of Mn on Extrudability, Mechanical Properties and Grain Structure of 6082 Alloys (Proceedings of the Eleventh International Aluminum Extrusion Technology Seminar, Extrusion Technology for Aluminum Profiles Foundation, USA 2016) [7] A.
Dieter, in: Mechanical Metallurgy, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY (1986)

The films were annealed at 500°C for 60 minutes, and their structural, optical, electrical, and sensing properties were analyzed under varying Cu-doping concentrations (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt.%).
To analyze optical properties, measurements were conducted using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer (UV-1800 Shimadzu) with a double-beam configuration, covering a wavelength range from 300 to 1000 nm.
Variations in RMS, average surface roughness, and average grain size Dave of SnO2 at various doping levels assessed through AFM, SEM, and XRD Cu Doped concentration (wt.%) Dave-AFM (nm) Dave-SEM (nm) Dave-XRD (nm) Rave (nm) RMS (nm) Spin Coating 0 90 69.76 23 1.17 1.33 4 84.5 63.43 14 3.55 4.11 6 73 57.52 10.5 4.62 5.31 CBD 0 88.56 61.62 22 1.12 1.3 4 84.11 55.91 9.3 4.73 5.46 6 70.01 51.35 8.15 5.66 6.53 Optical properties All the films exhibit consistent thickness uniformity and alterations in film placement do not affect their optical properties.
Dakhel, Role of (Cu, Al) codoping in tuning the optical, structural and magnetic properties of Co-doped SnO2 nanostructures: A comparative study, 614 (2021) 413040–413040
Jian, Piezoelectric and optoelectronic properties of α-In2Se3 single-crystal nanobelts synthesized by a direct selenization of In2O3, Journal of Materials Science. 57 8 (2022) 5072–5083

The "classical" (structural) applicability of the intermetallic compound was widely reviewed in the past (see e.g. [2]), nevertheless bulk Ni-Al systems have been studied also recently for mechanical properties [3] and martensitic transformation [4,5].
In parallel, generally nanostructured (nanowired) material has been studied mainly for mechanical properties [13-15].
Atomistic modeling of NiAl aims at the understanding of diverse structural phenomena responsible for most of the attractive physico-chemical properties of the intermetallic: extremely high tendency for B2-type superstructure formation competing with surface-induced effects (e.g. surface segregation) mentioned above.
Model of the simulated system General concept.Triple-defect-related properties of NiAl were mimicked by a binary B2-ordering AB system, whose "rigid-lattice'' Ising-type model was studied.
In addition to the general slowing down of the process the two factors resulted also in a dramatic drop of the disordering efficiency of the A-atom jumps to B-vacancies

Solar UV light has properties that distort the waterborne microbial DNA of bacteria, viruses, and parasites responsible for causing diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera, polio, and many others.
It is the UV-A radiation that has germicidal properties [5].
Solar disinfection effectiveness is influenced by UV exposure time, which is a crucial element in solar water treatment, and it is affected by environmental factors such as solar intensity, temperature of water, and waterborne-pathogen characteristics [14].
However, not all transparent materials have suitable properties for SODIS construction because solar water disinfection systems operate in sunny weather conditions that can quickly degrade non-UV-resistant materials.
Transparent PMMA reactors were selected because they have good mechanical and optical properties suitable for solar UV exposure conditions.

Its unavoidable presence in the lattice in concentrations up to about 2x10 18 atoms/cm3 and its strong influence on mechanical and electrical properties of the material requires a deeper knowledge of its behavior upon the different thermal treatments performed in the course of technological processes.
In the following we consider the two "spurious" contributions �ph and �p that may significantly affect the determination of interstitial oxygen.
The precipitate contribution �p can be precisely evaluated from the value of �ph+ �p at 1107 cm-1 since the value of �ph can be determined as discussed in details in Par. a); then, the net �p data are used to evaluate the correct �ox from the RT spectra, which can be converted in residual Oi concentration using the standard conversion factor [16].
Wooten, Optical Properties of Solids (Academic, New York, 1972)