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Online since: July 2011
Authors: Yang Zhang, Bin Bin Wang, Yi Xiao Wang
One formula describing the relationship under various conditions was proposed based on the experimental data, which would be helpful for the operation of PID in practice.
The reason for this phenomenon was that large volumetric flow rate led to large workload and reduction of the screening efficiency.
Based on the experimental data, the regression analysis could be easily got using SAS.
Fig. 4 Fitting results based on dimensional analysis when viscosity is 35 mPa·s As shown in Fig. 4 and 5, the curves fit well with the experimental data and the trend is that the loss rates of steel particle increase with the increasing volumetric flow rate, viscosity and steel particle ratio.
The reason for this phenomenon was that large volumetric flow rate led to large workload and reduction of the screening efficiency.
Based on the experimental data, the regression analysis could be easily got using SAS.
Fig. 4 Fitting results based on dimensional analysis when viscosity is 35 mPa·s As shown in Fig. 4 and 5, the curves fit well with the experimental data and the trend is that the loss rates of steel particle increase with the increasing volumetric flow rate, viscosity and steel particle ratio.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Chye Lih Tan, Azwan Iskandar Azmi, Irina M.M.Wong, K.W. Leong, Muhammad Nazri Mohd Radzi
Navid et al [3] asserted that dynamic loads such as impact and drilling process caused significant reductions in the composites stiffness and strength.
Once all the data have been measured, the volume fraction was calculated using Eq.1.
Tensile stress-strain curves for woven and stitch bi-axial composites Flexural properties The average flexural properties data for woven and bi-axial composites are depicted in Table 3.
Flexible properties for different batch of GFRP specimens Sample Woven Fiber Bi-axial (±45°) Fiber Ultimate Flexural Strength (MPa) Flexural Modulus (GPa) Ultimate Flexural Strength (MPa) Flexural Modulus (GPa) 1 304.64 21.25 168.80 11.79 2 341.64 20.07 130.09 10.61 3 312.58 19.68 128.60 10.36 4 320.17 21.15 120.26 8.73 5 311.88 19.80 104.51 7.85 Mean 318.18 (±12.72) 20.39 (±0.67) 130.45 (±21.22) 9.87 (±1.40) Residual tensile properties The average residual tensile strength data for woven and bi-axial for both types of drill are shown in Table 4.
Once all the data have been measured, the volume fraction was calculated using Eq.1.
Tensile stress-strain curves for woven and stitch bi-axial composites Flexural properties The average flexural properties data for woven and bi-axial composites are depicted in Table 3.
Flexible properties for different batch of GFRP specimens Sample Woven Fiber Bi-axial (±45°) Fiber Ultimate Flexural Strength (MPa) Flexural Modulus (GPa) Ultimate Flexural Strength (MPa) Flexural Modulus (GPa) 1 304.64 21.25 168.80 11.79 2 341.64 20.07 130.09 10.61 3 312.58 19.68 128.60 10.36 4 320.17 21.15 120.26 8.73 5 311.88 19.80 104.51 7.85 Mean 318.18 (±12.72) 20.39 (±0.67) 130.45 (±21.22) 9.87 (±1.40) Residual tensile properties The average residual tensile strength data for woven and bi-axial for both types of drill are shown in Table 4.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: V. Srinivasa Raman, M. Chandrasekaran, P. Asokan, Sambandam Padmanabhan
Table 1 Input data considered in Helical Gear design
Parameters
Values for Helical Gear Pair
Density of the material : 40Ni2Cr1Mo 28
8.836×106 kg/mm3
Allowable bending stress / crushing stress
400 N/mm2 /
1100 N/mm2
Young’s modulus of the material
2.15x105 N/mm2
Co-efficient of friction
0.08
Ratio between thickness and center distance (ψ) & Ratio between the thickness and module (ψm)
0.3 / 10
Design constraints are to be considered for the design of above helical gear are, crushing stress, bending stress, center distance, normal module, gear ratio and number teeth on pinion represented in Eq. 8, Eq. 9, Eq. 10, Eq. 11, Eq. 12 and Eq. 13.
Results and Discussion The complete optimization problem of helical gear pair have been formulated in terms of design variables and the optimum values of the objective functions for Power, Weight, Efficiency and Center distance and the design variables (m, b, z and P) influencing the objective functions are obtained with respect to the minimum COF value by implementing the input data provided in Table 1.
Weight reduction reduces the amount of material consumed while manufacturing the component.
[10] PSG College of Technology: Design Data Book, (Kalaikathir Achchagam, Coimbatore, 2008) [11] Baskar N, Asokan P, Saravanan R and Prabhakaran G: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Vol.25 (2005), p. 1078-1088
Results and Discussion The complete optimization problem of helical gear pair have been formulated in terms of design variables and the optimum values of the objective functions for Power, Weight, Efficiency and Center distance and the design variables (m, b, z and P) influencing the objective functions are obtained with respect to the minimum COF value by implementing the input data provided in Table 1.
Weight reduction reduces the amount of material consumed while manufacturing the component.
[10] PSG College of Technology: Design Data Book, (Kalaikathir Achchagam, Coimbatore, 2008) [11] Baskar N, Asokan P, Saravanan R and Prabhakaran G: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Vol.25 (2005), p. 1078-1088
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Hong Zong Si, Ai Ping Fu, Xian Chao Li, Yun Bo Duan, Shu Ping Yuan, Ming Hao, Ke Jun Zhang, Zhi De Hu
A reliable and reproduce characteristic fingerprint of coffee flavor was established [4] and a group data of retention time (RT) of coffee flavor were obtained based on this method.
Experimental section Data preparation.The experimental values for the retention time of coffee flavor compounds are taken from the literature [4].
The data set is randomly separated into a training set of 36 compounds and a test set of 16 compounds.
After the heuristic reduction, the pool of descriptors is reduced to 160.
Experimental section Data preparation.The experimental values for the retention time of coffee flavor compounds are taken from the literature [4].
The data set is randomly separated into a training set of 36 compounds and a test set of 16 compounds.
After the heuristic reduction, the pool of descriptors is reduced to 160.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Kittipong Tonmitr, Amnart Suksri, Eiji Kaneko, Arkom Kaewrawang, Norrawit Tonmitr
This results in reduction of insulator contamination resistance lead to the development of leakage current.
Generally, this capacitance value is about 1 – 8 µF -Then input the data in Fig. 5.
Table 1 Data from TINA simulation A B String efficiency = 66.92 C string efficiency = 58.45 D String efficiency = 53.71 E F String efficiency = 90.42 G String efficiency = 87.03 H String efficiency = 78.35 Table 2 Data from sphere gap measurement method A B String efficiency = 69.12 C String efficiency = 62.67 D String efficiency = 57.04 E F String efficiency = 76.36 G String efficiency = 66.69 H String efficiency = 59.76 A: Figure of clean insulator/string without guard ring condition.
Generally, this capacitance value is about 1 – 8 µF -Then input the data in Fig. 5.
Table 1 Data from TINA simulation A B String efficiency = 66.92 C string efficiency = 58.45 D String efficiency = 53.71 E F String efficiency = 90.42 G String efficiency = 87.03 H String efficiency = 78.35 Table 2 Data from sphere gap measurement method A B String efficiency = 69.12 C String efficiency = 62.67 D String efficiency = 57.04 E F String efficiency = 76.36 G String efficiency = 66.69 H String efficiency = 59.76 A: Figure of clean insulator/string without guard ring condition.
Online since: June 2019
Authors: Yang Xuan, Stefan M. Rosiwal, Rudolf Borchardt, Timo Fromm, Karsten Durst
The load-displacement data (Fig. 2a) display linear correlations for all types of samples.
Fig. 2. a) Load-displacement data of a thin (35 µm) monolithic diamond foil (M) and of laminates with two (2L) and four (4L) layers of diamond recorded during the B3B test.
A promising observation was the reduction of strength variation with increasing number of diamond layers.
[7] Technical Data Sheet BrazeTec CB2, Saxonia Technical Materials GmbH
Fig. 2. a) Load-displacement data of a thin (35 µm) monolithic diamond foil (M) and of laminates with two (2L) and four (4L) layers of diamond recorded during the B3B test.
A promising observation was the reduction of strength variation with increasing number of diamond layers.
[7] Technical Data Sheet BrazeTec CB2, Saxonia Technical Materials GmbH
Online since: January 2020
Authors: E.Yu. Titov, I.V. Bodrikov, A. M. Kutin
Conclusion
In the process of discharge-induced fragmentation of chloroform according to the data of Fig. 2, preferential 1,1-elimination of hydrogen chloride ensures the generation of dichlorocarbene.
According to the data obtained, the valence-unsaturated fragment of CCl is likely to be involved in the recombination process with the formation of dichloroacetylene in a wide temperature range (1400-2200 K).
In conclusion, we note that the simulation carried out does not affect the conditions of formation, in particular, liquid products, which, according to the experimental data, were found only in trace amounts.
Rusanov, Slag-free process for plasma reduction of uranium from oxide raw material, Fizika i himiya obrabotki materialov. 4 (2000) 46–54
According to the data obtained, the valence-unsaturated fragment of CCl is likely to be involved in the recombination process with the formation of dichloroacetylene in a wide temperature range (1400-2200 K).
In conclusion, we note that the simulation carried out does not affect the conditions of formation, in particular, liquid products, which, according to the experimental data, were found only in trace amounts.
Rusanov, Slag-free process for plasma reduction of uranium from oxide raw material, Fizika i himiya obrabotki materialov. 4 (2000) 46–54
Online since: April 2019
Authors: Dzidra Jankovica, Pavels Rodionovs, Jānis Grabis
However, recently zinc oxide nanoparticles doped with samarium or Sm and Ag were proven as promising highly active photocatalyst under solar light or ultraviolet illumination due to improved charge separation, reduction of band gap, increased absorption of light in the visible region and stability [4-6].
It indicated that in contrary of literature data [4, 5] all amount of Sm2O3 was not enclosed in ZnO lattice.
Therefore, results confirmed literature data [5] that ZnO doping with Sm2O3 enhances photocatalytic activity.
On the other hand, contrary to literature data photocatalysts showed maximal activity at the content of Sm2O3 in the range of 2.1–3.0 wt.%.
It indicated that in contrary of literature data [4, 5] all amount of Sm2O3 was not enclosed in ZnO lattice.
Therefore, results confirmed literature data [5] that ZnO doping with Sm2O3 enhances photocatalytic activity.
On the other hand, contrary to literature data photocatalysts showed maximal activity at the content of Sm2O3 in the range of 2.1–3.0 wt.%.
Online since: September 2008
Authors: W.E. Carlos, E.R. Glaser, N.Y. Garces, Mark A. Fanton
A significant reduction of
deep level defects, in particular, the suppression of the Z1/Z2 defect (which has been associated with
the lifetime decay in 4H-SiC semiconductors [9]), and enhanced carrier lifetimes were recently
observed for samples subjected to anneal temperatures up to 2600o C and a cool down rate of
~2o C/min [10].
Optimum data were obtained between 10 and 80 K using both absorption and rapid passage conditions.
The samples were mechanically polished after each annealing to remove roughness before PL data was taken.
These results, however, are in good qualitative agreement with our P6/P7 EPR data for similar anneals and Fig. 5.
Optimum data were obtained between 10 and 80 K using both absorption and rapid passage conditions.
The samples were mechanically polished after each annealing to remove roughness before PL data was taken.
These results, however, are in good qualitative agreement with our P6/P7 EPR data for similar anneals and Fig. 5.
Online since: August 2008
Authors: Yogendra Prasad Yadava, Ricardo Arthur Sanguinetti Ferreira
Tabela 1 XRD data of Ba2AlSnO5,5 ceramics
2θ D[Å] I/I0 hkl
19,908 4,456 33,22 1 1 1
26,885 3,3134 16,94 2 0 0
30,990 2,8833 100 2 2 0
34,614 2,5892 28,66 3 1 1
40,422 2,2296 22,31 2 2 2
44,252 2,0450 34,36 4 0 0
46,772 1,9406 5,7 4 2 0
54,835 1,6728 39,25 4 2 2
64,169 1,4502 14,82 4 4 0
72,847 1,2973 14,01 6 2 0
81,042 1,1855 6,35 5 3 3
89,116 1,0978 13,84 6 4 2
For double cubic perovskite of the formula A2BB'O6 the intensity, in particular of the (111)
and/or (311) superstructure reflection, is proportional to the difference in scattering power of the B
and B' atoms, when all the atoms are situated in the ideal position
[8].
The lattice parameter of Ba2AlSnO5.5, calculated from the experimental XRD data is aexp = a = 8,1487Å This value is in good agreement with theoretical lattice parameter value a = 7,9432Å of Ba2AlSnO5.5.
XRd diffraction data of ceramics are presented in Table 1.
The liquid at high temperature facilitates mass transport by liquid phase mechanism and results with the reduction of solid - liquid dihedral angle, which increases the wettability and thus the liquid drags the grain towards each other.
The lattice parameter of Ba2AlSnO5.5, calculated from the experimental XRD data is aexp = a = 8,1487Å This value is in good agreement with theoretical lattice parameter value a = 7,9432Å of Ba2AlSnO5.5.
XRd diffraction data of ceramics are presented in Table 1.
The liquid at high temperature facilitates mass transport by liquid phase mechanism and results with the reduction of solid - liquid dihedral angle, which increases the wettability and thus the liquid drags the grain towards each other.