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Online since: July 2006
Authors: Sybrand van der Zwaag, A. Miroux, Zacharias J. Lok
In case of nucleation in an undeformed microstructure, Ntot is the number of atoms per unit
volume.
In a deformed microstructure, nucleation is assumed to take place on subgrain boundaries and Ntot is therefore the number of atomic sites on the subgrain boundaries per unit volume.
Detailed TEM observations of the dispersoid radii as a function of time also revealed that due to rapid dislocation diffusion [11] or grain boundary diffusion [12] the time dependency of the dispersoid size may differ from the usual t 1/2 dependency deduced from the classical Zener equation used in the model.
In a deformed microstructure, nucleation is assumed to take place on subgrain boundaries and Ntot is therefore the number of atomic sites on the subgrain boundaries per unit volume.
Detailed TEM observations of the dispersoid radii as a function of time also revealed that due to rapid dislocation diffusion [11] or grain boundary diffusion [12] the time dependency of the dispersoid size may differ from the usual t 1/2 dependency deduced from the classical Zener equation used in the model.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Marina V. Koudriachova
Furthermore, Li
self diffusion appeared to be relatively slow not only in comparison with other nanocrystalline
materials but also with some coarse grained Li-conductors [11].
The number of k points was determined from a spacing in reciprocal space of 0.1 Å -1.
Based on the relative site stability and the number of available sites, occupancy of A2 sites will proceed up to [Li]/[Ti]=0.5, followed by the occupancy of the C-sites (up to [Li]/[Ti]=0.75) and that of the A1-sites.
The number of k points was determined from a spacing in reciprocal space of 0.1 Å -1.
Based on the relative site stability and the number of available sites, occupancy of A2 sites will proceed up to [Li]/[Ti]=0.5, followed by the occupancy of the C-sites (up to [Li]/[Ti]=0.75) and that of the A1-sites.
Effects of Ecological Projects on Grassland Soil Physicochemical Properties in Three-River Headwater
Online since: September 2013
Authors: De Gang Zhang, Li Na Shi, Xu Dong Zhao, Yong Shun Yang
In order to effectively reduce the grassland degradation in recent years, countries in the region launched the "Grain for Green", " Three-river headwater area Nature Reserve building", "pasture" , "Ecological migration", "Reduce livestock number project" and a series of major ecological construction projects, through the construction of artificial turf and rodent control, Improved grassland fencing and other technical measures to achieve effective restoration of degraded grassland and reconstruction.
Soil erosion caused by the loss of a large number of grassland degradation organic matter, N, total potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrients, with degenerative succession of vegetation, soil degradation is more and more serious, more and more barren soil [14].
Soil erosion caused by the loss of a large number of grassland degradation organic matter, N, total potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrients, with degenerative succession of vegetation, soil degradation is more and more serious, more and more barren soil [14].
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Wei Hua Chen, Jie Wang, Zheng Chen, Xiao Yong Pan, Ling Peng
However, as the CTR technology gets marginalized, there are about 500,0000 old CRT TVs discarded each year and the number continue to increase year by year[1].
And the grain size which is far more than or less than 10 μm can be regard as aluminum foil and glass powder, respectively.
Table 2 The composition of waste phosphors after roasting with NH4Cl tested by ICP-AES Composition Y Eu Al Fe Zn Concentration (g/L) 14.96 0.89 0.11 0.76 4.32 Table 3 Design of orthogonal table L9 (3)3 of obtained phosphors Levels (A)pH (B)The amount of Na2S/mL (C) The amount of H2C2O4 /mL 1 1 17.20 26.10 2 2.5 20.64 39.15 3 4 24.08 52.20 Table 4 The result of orthogonal test Test number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (A)pH value 1 1 1 2.5 2.5 2.5 4 4 4 (B)The amount of Na2S (mL) 17.20 20.64 24.08 17.20 20.64 24.08 17.20 20.64 24.08 (C)The amount of H2C2O4 (mL) 26.10 39.15 52.20 39.15 52.20 26.10 52.20 26.10 39.15 Y recovery rate (%) 97.61 97.89 98.54 97.59 96.16 91.82 92.01 83.65 84.17 Eu recovery rate (%) 97.91 96.21 96.11 96.11 92.55 85.55 87.40 69.90 69.93 It can be seen in table 4 and table 5 (1-2) that compared to the Na2S and H2C2O4, pH value plays a more important role in the recovery rate of Y and Eu.
And the grain size which is far more than or less than 10 μm can be regard as aluminum foil and glass powder, respectively.
Table 2 The composition of waste phosphors after roasting with NH4Cl tested by ICP-AES Composition Y Eu Al Fe Zn Concentration (g/L) 14.96 0.89 0.11 0.76 4.32 Table 3 Design of orthogonal table L9 (3)3 of obtained phosphors Levels (A)pH (B)The amount of Na2S/mL (C) The amount of H2C2O4 /mL 1 1 17.20 26.10 2 2.5 20.64 39.15 3 4 24.08 52.20 Table 4 The result of orthogonal test Test number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (A)pH value 1 1 1 2.5 2.5 2.5 4 4 4 (B)The amount of Na2S (mL) 17.20 20.64 24.08 17.20 20.64 24.08 17.20 20.64 24.08 (C)The amount of H2C2O4 (mL) 26.10 39.15 52.20 39.15 52.20 26.10 52.20 26.10 39.15 Y recovery rate (%) 97.61 97.89 98.54 97.59 96.16 91.82 92.01 83.65 84.17 Eu recovery rate (%) 97.91 96.21 96.11 96.11 92.55 85.55 87.40 69.90 69.93 It can be seen in table 4 and table 5 (1-2) that compared to the Na2S and H2C2O4, pH value plays a more important role in the recovery rate of Y and Eu.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Zhen Chen, Ying Ying Fan, Deng Hui Liao, Hong Quan Zhu, Qiang Lin
It was mainly used to control the crystal grain size and change the structure of materials in the preparation process of nano-materials.However, the reports on the preparation of anode materials with AEO-7 are limited [13,14].
(standard number GB / T 5270-2005); scratch test: to draw a grid with a small knife on the surface of the electrode, observe the phenomena of peeling, spalling, etc.
It shows that the anodic current peak decreased as the number of cycles increased.
(standard number GB / T 5270-2005); scratch test: to draw a grid with a small knife on the surface of the electrode, observe the phenomena of peeling, spalling, etc.
It shows that the anodic current peak decreased as the number of cycles increased.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Xu Yin Yuan, Zhao Peng Lu, Huan Wang, Hai Long Chen, Wen Wen Xu
The number of source materials samples in each site is indicated in Table 1.
The number of the source materials samples Reaches Arable land Woodland Urban land Bank sediment Dongtiaoxi Upstream 7 9 5 9 Midstream 8 7 7 10 Downstream 5 4 10 7 Xitiaoxi Upstream 7 9 6 8 Midstream 10 8 8 8 Downstream 6 5 10 6 The geochemical variables of the samples were measured by the standard methods.
The grain size was measured using a Laser Size Analyzer.
The number of the source materials samples Reaches Arable land Woodland Urban land Bank sediment Dongtiaoxi Upstream 7 9 5 9 Midstream 8 7 7 10 Downstream 5 4 10 7 Xitiaoxi Upstream 7 9 6 8 Midstream 10 8 8 8 Downstream 6 5 10 6 The geochemical variables of the samples were measured by the standard methods.
The grain size was measured using a Laser Size Analyzer.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Ludmila B. Naumova, Valentina N. Batalova, Kira V. Alekseenko
In this work a wide range of modifiers were proposed to be investigated in order to introduce a photoactive component, which makes it possible to extend the radiation band to the visible spectrum and increase the number of active sorption sites.
A number of Lewis acid sites (coordinately unsaturated Al and Si ions) and Bronsted base sites (functional OH-groups playing a role of donors on the zeolite surface) exist on the zeolite surface.
The structure was stated to be quite homogeneous with even distribution of pores and channels.Based on elemental analysis data it was found that the composites received by ion exchange have more uniform distribution of grain sizes (Fig. 2a) compared to those received by Pechini method and having some areas with high metal content (Fig. 2b).
A number of Lewis acid sites (coordinately unsaturated Al and Si ions) and Bronsted base sites (functional OH-groups playing a role of donors on the zeolite surface) exist on the zeolite surface.
The structure was stated to be quite homogeneous with even distribution of pores and channels.Based on elemental analysis data it was found that the composites received by ion exchange have more uniform distribution of grain sizes (Fig. 2a) compared to those received by Pechini method and having some areas with high metal content (Fig. 2b).
Online since: April 2004
Authors: David John Smith, A. Mirzaee-Sisan, Saeid Hadidi-Moud, Christopher E. Truman
Beremin
also suggested that the reference volume, V0, was a volume equivalent to about ten grains, typically
V0=0.001 mm3.
The failure probability Pf for experimental results was determined using: N .i Pf 50� = (3) where N is the total number of specimens, and i the rank or order number.
The failure probability Pf for experimental results was determined using: N .i Pf 50� = (3) where N is the total number of specimens, and i the rank or order number.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Wei Sun, Jie Lie, Hai Chuan Wang, Jian Jun Wang, Kai Zhong Wang, Jian Wu
To control proper acid-soluble aluminum content in steel and the stability of acid-soluble aluminum not only can guarantee calcium treatment effect, reduce inclusions and AlN in steel, but also can refine grains and improve cold heading property; the stability of w[Al] is critical to the steel.
Table 7 Mechanical properties of rolling materials of SWRCH6A cold heading steel Property of rolling material Rm/MPa ReL/MPa A/% Z/% Max. 370 280 44 75.5 Min. 345 235 39 70.5 Average 362.1 262.1 42.1 73.7 ML08Al standard 334 196 33 60 From Table 7, reference is made to mechanical properties of ML08Al cold heading steel to check the mechanical properties of SWRCH6A cold-heading steel of 7 batch numbers, tensile strength Rm, yield strength ReL, percentage elongation A and reduction of cross section Z, all are in conformity with the mechanical property indexes of ML08Al, and the average value of each index respectively is Rm=362.1Mpa, ReL=262.1Mpa, A=42.1%, Z=73.7%.
Microstructure and inclusion rating Metallographic structure analysis is done to the rolling material of cold-heading steel of 4 batch numbers to observe the microstructure and Vickers hardness HV (MPa) for 8 samples.
Table 7 Mechanical properties of rolling materials of SWRCH6A cold heading steel Property of rolling material Rm/MPa ReL/MPa A/% Z/% Max. 370 280 44 75.5 Min. 345 235 39 70.5 Average 362.1 262.1 42.1 73.7 ML08Al standard 334 196 33 60 From Table 7, reference is made to mechanical properties of ML08Al cold heading steel to check the mechanical properties of SWRCH6A cold-heading steel of 7 batch numbers, tensile strength Rm, yield strength ReL, percentage elongation A and reduction of cross section Z, all are in conformity with the mechanical property indexes of ML08Al, and the average value of each index respectively is Rm=362.1Mpa, ReL=262.1Mpa, A=42.1%, Z=73.7%.
Microstructure and inclusion rating Metallographic structure analysis is done to the rolling material of cold-heading steel of 4 batch numbers to observe the microstructure and Vickers hardness HV (MPa) for 8 samples.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Li Min Meng, Da Ming Wu, Ying Liu, Xiu Ting Zheng, Hong Xu, Hong Yan Ji
Because the bubble is very small, interface numbers between bubbles and resin increase.
(a) Diameter of GB is 20~30μm (b) Diameter of GB is 50~90μm Fig. 1 SEM micrographs of different diameter GB From Fig. 2 optical microscope picture, GB is seen uniformly dispersed in PET matrix, basically single grain distribution.
Because all these three formula were added the same quality score GB, 10% .The adding number is more when GB particle size is smaller, then the sample forms more times reflex and reflectivity is higher.
(a) Diameter of GB is 20~30μm (b) Diameter of GB is 50~90μm Fig. 1 SEM micrographs of different diameter GB From Fig. 2 optical microscope picture, GB is seen uniformly dispersed in PET matrix, basically single grain distribution.
Because all these three formula were added the same quality score GB, 10% .The adding number is more when GB particle size is smaller, then the sample forms more times reflex and reflectivity is higher.