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The microstructure of petroleum coke was anomalous and a layered structure is observed in the graphite particles.
Sakai, Chemistry of synthesis, structure, preparation and application of aromatic-derived mesophase pitch, Carbon 38 (2000) 305–328

There are many scientific fields including astronomy, chemistry, sensing and high-speed optical communications, in which fully determining the SoP is of paramount importance.
In the last years plasmonics has demonstrated its usefulness in great variety of fields [1], given that surface plasmons can be engineered to both remain trapped at subwavelength metal structures or radiate, suggesting their use for implementing nanoantennas.
Figure 3 shows a scanning electron image of one of the fabricated structure, where is noticeable that the footprint of the system is much smaller than the wavelength of the incoming signal (1550 nm).

The surface morphology, residual stress, microstructure, phase structure, and mechanical properties of Ti64 samples after MA-UNSM treatment were characterized using laser scanning confocal microscopy, iXRD instrument, SEM, XRD, and hardness tester, and compared with those of UNSM samples.
Surface phase analysis by XRD An XRD-7000 X-ray diffractometer was used to characterize the surface phase structure using a Cu target.
Jackson, The role of temperature and alloy chemistry on subsurface deformation mechanisms during shot peening of titanium alloys, Scripta Materialia. 66 (2012) 1065–1068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.02.049

Isolation of Biofilm-Forming Bacteria from the Secondary Effluent of the Wastewater Treatment Plant and its Ability to Produce N-Acylhomoserine Lactone as Quorum Sensing Signal Eri Nasuno1, a*, Yuto Abe1, b, Ken-ichi Iimura1, c, Masaki Ohno2, d, Tetusji Okuda3, e, Wataru Nishijima2, f, and Norihiro Kato1, g 1Department of Material and Environmental Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, 7-1-2 Yoto, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8585, Japan 2Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan 3Department of Environmental Solution Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2144, Japan ae-nasuno@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp, bmt166301@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp, cemlak@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp, dmohno@hiroshima-u.ac.jp, e okuda@rins.ryukoku.ac.jp, fwataru@hiroshima-u.ac.jp, gkaton@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp Keywords: Quorum sensing
In gram-negative bacteria, AHLs with broad range of structures have been identified with C4 to C18 acyl side chains and either an oxo, a hydroxy, or no substitution at the third carbon.
Three isolates that showed relatively higher activity of biofilm formation were further analyzed in the structure of producing AHLs.

Furthermore, the presence of some microcracks has been observed, which is mostly due to the presence of intermetallic forming between "not so fine" dendritic structures.
Nickel-based superalloys are characterized by very high mechanical properties, as well as resistance to corrosion and oxidation at high homologous temperatures, The Ni-based superalloys are usually strengthened by the intermetallic γ′ phase, which has an L12-type ordered structure.
Abreu, “Chemistry and crystallographic evaluation of Ni-based alloy and steel dissimilar interface,” in Trends in Welding Research 2012: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference, 2013, p. 344.

Kudin, Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria in alloys of Al (Si)–Ce binary systems, Journal of Physical Chemistry. 88(5) (2014) 736-746
Bespalov, Development of Combined Machining Modes, Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Structure of Deformed Semi-Finished Products from Alloy 01417, Materials Science Forum. 992 (2020) 498-503
Drozdova et al., Investigation of the structure and assessment of properties of cast and deformed semifinished products from alloys of the Al-REM system with different nickel content, Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University. 1 (2013) 45-48

As a matter of fact, Ge element could also be used for modifying 3C-SiC nucleation on on-axis α-SiC substrate in a comparative manner as when using the standard Si and C chemistry [4].
Surface morphology and structure was also investigated by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping.
Note that the steps display a 60° jagged structure like in the case of VLS grown 3C-SiC single domain layers [11].

Schneider3,f and Reinhart Poprawe 1,2,g 1Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT), Steinbachstr. 15, Aachen, Germany 2Chai for Laser Technology (LLT),RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstr. 15, Aachen,Germany 3Materials Chemistry (MCh), RWTH Aachen University, Copernikusstr. 10, Aachen, Germany 4Institute of Metal Forming (IBF), RWTH Aachen University, Intzestr. 10, Aachen, Germany aingo.ross@ilt.fraunhofer.de, bandre.temmler@llt.rwth-aachen.de, cmoritz.kuepper@ilt.fraunhofer.de, dpruente@mch.rwth-aachen.de, eteller@ibf.rwth-aaachen.de, fschneider@mch.rwth-aachen.de, greinhart.poprawe@ilt.fraunhofer.de Keywords: surface functionalization, AISI D2, laser polishing, self-assembled monolayers, dry metal forming.
Macro laser polishing with continuous laser radiation typically leads to a remelting depth of 20100 µm, thus reducing macro structures of the initial surface as well as inclusions or precipitations such as chromium carbides.
Using pulsed, i.e. micro laser polishing will leave surface structures with spatial wavelengths larger than 40 to 80 µm virtually unaffected, while the lowered roughness for l < 40 µm results in a significantly higher gloss of the surface.

The Effects of Heat Treatment on the Chemical Alterations of Oak Wood Iveta Čabalová1a*, František Kačík1b, Tereza Tribulová1c 1Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, T.
Increased cellulose extracts are probably the result of changes in cellulose structure while there is a change of carbonisation and cross-linking structures [18,29-31].

Review of shrinkage stress of concrete structures, Adv Sci Tech Wat Res. 22(2002) 59–62
Quantitative discrimination of the nano-pore-structure of cement paste during drying: new insights from water sorption isotherms, Cem Concr Res. 76(2015) 27–36
Dry mortars, Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, 2010: doi:10.1002/14356007.f16 f01.pub2