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Wang, et al.: Sintered Products of Diamond (Chinese Standard Publications, China 2000) [14] PAY YIH, D.
El-Zeky and F.
El-Sabbahy: Powder metall.

Badawi Faculty of Science, Physics Department, El-Minia University, Egypt e-mail: emadbadawi@yahoo.com Keywords: Defect concentration, dislocation density, trapping rate trapping cross-section, AlSiMgSr alloy, positron annihilation lifetime technique.
It is concluded that positron annihilation and XRD are powerful tools for detecting defects in Al-alloys, as previously discussed [17]
El-Sayed, Aluminum Transactions, 1&2, 91, (2000)

Meanwhile, it has been reported that the recently developed Mg–Gd–Y magnesium alloys show considerable precipitation hardening, and therefore present higher specific room temperature strength and better creep resistance than conventional Al and Mg alloys, including WE54 (Mg–5Gd–2Nd–2HRE, wt.%) [4,5].
With regard to the tensile yield strength (TYS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation (EL), hardness and microstructures in the literature [8], the 500°C×8h (and 12 h) and 525°C×8h (and 12 h) were selected as good T4 solution processes to further optimize the aging process.
The TYS, UTS and EL increase gradually with increasing solution treatment time, as shown in Fig. 5.

　Fabrication of Si Nanowire Biosensor Using FIB and Its Evaluations Anh Hoang Truonga, Hayato Soneb and Sumio Hosakac Department of Production Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Japan 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan a t11801373@gunma-u.ac.jp, b sone@el.gunma-u.ac.jp, c hosaka@el.gunma-u.ac.jp Keywords: biosensor, silicon nanowire sensor, focused ion beam (FIB), I-V curve, sensitivity.
The cantilever-based biosensor, proposed by Berger, et al. has become an important technological tool for the detection of minimum mass [1,2].

Acknowledgements We would like to thank: GEORES project MAT 2010-19934 COMBURES project financed by Centro de Cooperacion al Desarrollo de la Universitat Politècnica de Valencia ADSIDEO COOPERACIO 2010 Programa de apoyo a la Investigacion y Desarrollo de la UPV PAID-04-11 Maicerias Españolas DACSA S.A. for supplying RHA samples References [1] Salas, J., “Latinoamérica: Hambre de vivienda”.
[3] Martirena, J.F., “Una alternativa ambientalmente compatible para disminuir el consumo de aglomerantes de clínker de cemento Portland: el aglomerante cal-puzolana como adición mineral activa”, 2004, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de las Villas (UCLV)

Al-Khawaja, A.
El-Sebaii, S.
El-Bialy, Year round performance of double pass solar air heater with packed bed, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 48, pp. 990-1003, 2007

Hashimoto et al. [2] discussed a human being participating as a swarm member for search and rescue.
[2] Hiroshi Hashimoto, Sho Yokota, Akinori Sasaki, Yasuhiro Ohyama, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, “Cooperative interaction of walking human and distributed robot maintaining stability of swarm”, In Proc. of 2nd IEEE/IES International Conference on Human System Interaction, pp.249-254, 2009 [3] Ulf Witkowski, Stefan Herbrechtsmeier, Andry Tanoto, Mohamed El-Habbal, Lyuba Alboul and Jacques Penders, “Self-optimizing human-robot systems for search and rescue in disaster scenarios”, In 7-th Heinz Nixdorf Symposium, pp. 315-329, Paderborn, Germany, 2008 [4] Thibault Kruse, Alexandra Kirsch, E.
Akin Sisboty, Rachid Alami, “Exploiting Human Cooperation in Human-Centered Robot Navigation”, In The 19th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN , pp.1-6, 2010 [5] Penders, Jacques, Alboul, Lyuba, Witkowski, Ulf, Naghsh, Amir, Saezpons, Joan, Herbrechtsmeier, Stefan and Habbal, Mohamed El, “a robot swarm assisting a human fire-fighter”, Advanced Robotics, Vol.25, No.1-2, pp. 93-117,2011 [6] Demin Li, Jie Zhou, Jiacun Wang, Yun Wang, Qianyi Zhang, Information Fusion and Path Selection for a Firefighter Based on Ad Hoc Robot Network, International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology, accepted [7] Qianyi Zhang, Demin Li, Yun Wang, Yanwei Chen, Yajuan An, Evacuation Path Selection for Firefighters Based on Dynamic Triangular Network Model, 2012 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing, submitted [8] Ulf Witkowski, Mohamed EI-Habbal, Stefan, Herbrechtsmeier, Andry Tanoto, Jacques Penders, Lyuba Alboul

Spina et al. [5] used joint application of the Gabor and Hilbert transforms to analyze the transient response of an multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system when detecting weak damage.
Hou et al. [6] detected changes in system stiffness using the spikes in the detail of discrete wavelet transform.
Pan el al. [7] implemented discrete wavelet transform and continuous wavelet transform to identify the frequency variation and time instants of yielding and unloading of a bilinear system under ground motion.
Spanos et al. [8] proposed mean instantaneous frequency to detect and monitor damage using adaptive decomposition and empirical mode decomposition.
The ground motion at El Centro array #12 in 1979 Imperial valley earthquake was used as the excitation, and the sampling time was scaled down to 0.0035s by a factor.

[2] G. de Felice et al., “Mortar-based systems for externally bonded strengthening of masonry,” Mater.
De Santis et al., “Round Robin Test on tensile and bond behaviour of Steel Reinforced Grout systems,” Compos.
[15] G. de Felice et al., “Recommendation of RILEM Technical Committee 250-CSM: Test method for Textile Reinforced Mortar to substrate bond characterization,” Mater.
El Refai, and T.
El-Maaddawy, “Bond characteristics of carbon fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix in double shear tests,” Constr.

First attempts to provide a systematic and comprehensive survey of literature regarding friction stir welding of dissimilar alloys were made by DebRoy et al. [6], Murr [7], and the current state of knowledge was recently characterized by Kumar et al. [8].
Sato et al. [3] showed that the well-defined banded structure in the form of "onion rings" was observed only when the welding conditions corresponded to high heat input (high rotational speed and low travel speed).
Bahemmat et al. [11] associated the differences in grain size with the various amount of plastic deformation that occur in each material during welding, resulting in unique recrystallization behavior and, therefore, different grain sizes.
Tensile test results Weld configuration AS – RS YS [MPa] TS [MPa] YS/TS El. [%] 7075 – 2017A 276 398 0,69 3,1 2017A – 7075 289 406 0,71 2,6 AS – Advancing Side; RS – Retreating Side; YS – Yield Strength; TS – Tensile Strength; El. – Elongation Summary The friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys carried out at carefully selected welding conditions produces sound welds without any welding discontinuities.