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ACI440.2R-02 [1], El-Mihilmy and Tedesco[2], Charkas et al[3], Faruqi et al[4], and Said[5] proposed different formulae to evaluate the deflection of FRP-strengthened RC beams.
’s, ACI440’s and Charkas et al’s methods at rebar yielding and ultimate state ,respectively; *ratios of calculated-to-experimental deflections.
Present Model El-Mihilmy’s equation is much more applicable for engineering design than other methods.
Therefore, by analyzing the relationship between the deflections calculated by El-Mihilmy’s equation and the experimental ones, this paper investigates the behavior of deflection affected by the preload level and the reinforcement ratio, and develops the modified equations based on El-Mihilmy’s equation to evaluate the deflection of CFRP-strengthened beams.
[2] El-Mihilmy, M.T. and J.W.

El-Hadad, Y.
Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Solidification Sonoprocessed B390 Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy.
El-Hadad, Y.
El-Hadad, Effect of Soaking Treatment on Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Ultrasonic Melt-Treated B390 Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy, Light Metals (2016) 821-825
Tsunekawa, Production of Grain-Refined Billets of the AC7A Al-Mg Alloy via Solidification in Ultrasonic Field, Trans.

Coarse grains of commercial 5052 Al and 5083 Al alloys were refined by the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process.
In this study, two commercial Al-Mg alloys that have different Mg concentration, 5052 Al and 5083 Al alloys were ARB processed.
Experimental Procedures Rectangular plates with a dimension of 2mm (thickness) x 30mm x 50mm were cut from commercial purity 5052 (2.5Mg-0.25Cr-Al) and 5083 Al (4.5Mg-0.15Cr-0.7Mn-Al) alloy sheets.
The 5083 Al alloy has slightly smaller dislocation cells (Fig. 2 (a)) than the 5052 Al alloy (Fig. 1 (a)).
Tensile properties of the ARB processed 5052 and 5083 Al alloys Number of 5052 Al alloy 5083 Al alloy ARB cycles YS [MPa] TS [MPa] El [%] YS [MPa] TS [MPa] El [%] 0 (as-received) 125.3 196.1 34.4 99.1 296.2 32.8 1 237.2 295 12.3 259.4 418.7 14.7 2 299.2 340 11.2 284.4 445.1 12.2 3 309.7 354.4 8.8 348.6 434.6 11.5 4 310.9 359.1 8.7 375.4 436.6 11.6 5 369.7 388.2 5.8 6 316.5 386.2 5.6 7 238.5 288.2 8.8 (YS: yield strength, TS: tensile strength, El: elongation to failure) Fig. 1.

Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for the Choice of Parameters of a Micromechanical Model Aissa Kerkour-El Miad1*, Abdelhamid Kerkour-El Miad2, 1Faculty of Sciences 2ESTO, LDOM, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda - Morocco *E.mail: mid.kerkour@gmail.com Keywords: PCA, grain shape , viscoplastic parameter g, Self-consistent model, Non-incremental interaction law, Elasto-inelastic.
Summarized in (Table 1), these model constants are chosen as in Dingli et al.[3].
Kerkour-El Miad, 2011’’ Modélisation micromécanique du comportement cyclique des polycristaux sous chargement multiaxiaux à déformation et à contrainte imposées avec l’effet de la forme du grain’’ Thèse de doctorat, Université Pierre et Marie
El Kihel" Grain shape effect on the elastic-inelastic behavior of polycrystals under cyclic loading" 1st International Conference on Materials and Environmental Science- ICMES2016 December 1-3, Oujda, Morocco [6] A.Kerkour-El Miad,, M.
[7] A.Kerkour-El Miad, F.Jeffali, A.Nougaoui, K.Haboubi ’’Effect of the shape of the inclusion and the viscoplastic parameter on the evolution of isotropic and kinematic hardening of metallic materials under cyclic loadings TC’’1st International Conference on Civil Engineering and Materials (ICCEM'2017) 11-12 May 2017, Al Hoceima, Morocco

Al/Ni/Al and Ti/Ni/Al multi-layers were used to obtain p-type and ntype ohmic contacts after annealing at 1050 ºC in Ar.
The EL imaging was done using the setup described in [4].
Fig. 3 shows an EL image of forward biased diodes from the three samples along with the cofabricated commercial material.
EL imaging was used to correlate defects with device performance and reliability.
ProbeProbeProbe Fig. 7 EL images of diode on sample F under forward bias (left) pre-stress (middle) after 10 sec.

Southin [4], Abd El-Azim and coworkers [12], and Appendino and coworkers [13] assumed that vibration acceleration/force is the determining parameter.
Properties of 1040CR steel mold and for Al-12.6%Si can be found elsewhere [19, 20].
Abd El-Azim, A.
El-Sheikh, M.
T El-Khair: Mat.

Energy Efficient Technology for Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Sheet Alloys N.A.
Experimental Four experimental alloys of the Al-Cu-Mn-Zr system (Table 1) were prepared in an electric furnace in graphite-chamotte crucibles using 99.99% pure Al, 99.9% pure Cu and master alloys (Al10% Mn, and Al-10% Zr).
Alloy 2 has higher YS and El values in comparison with annealed Alloy 4.
Tensile properties of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr sheets.
Smola, et al., Effect of cold rolling on precipitation processes in Al–Mn–Sc–Zr alloy, Mat.

Al Dawood, I.S.
El Mahallawi, M.E.
Abd El Azim and M.
Al Dawood, I.S.
El Mahallawi, M.E.

The exact meanings of elE� and irE� , in the context as thermodynamic parameters, have been explicitly defined by Wollants et al [4] as specific quantities over an infinitesimal step of the transformation at any given stage as opposed to global changes over the entire process of the transformation, i.e., they are functions of transformation fraction.
According to these definitions, transformation “equilibrium” conditions (critical temperatures or stresses) can be defined, at 0G� = , as: (0) (0) el ir s H E E M S � � � � � = � (4a) (1) (1) el ir f H E E M S � � � � � = � (4b) (0) (0) el ir f H E E A S � � � + � = � (4c) where the numerals in the parentheses indicate the transformation fractions.
Thus, the transformation interval and the thermal hysteresis can be determined as: ( (1) (0)) ( (1) (0)) M el el ir ir s f E E E E T M M S � � � + � � � � = � = � (5) 2 (0) (0) A M ir f s E A M S � � = � = � or 2 ( ) ( ) A M irE x x S � � = � (6) Eq. 5 states that transformation interval is determined by the differences in elE� and irE� between the start and the finish of the transformation process, instead of any given values of ( )elE x� and ( )irE x� .
The total energy exchange between the system and the ambient during the transformation is a cumulative quantity; thus it is computed as, for a unit quantity of material [6]: 0 0 0 ( ) ( ) x x el ir Hdx T Sdx E x dx E x dx = � � � � � � �

 (7) where 0 ( ) ( ) x el el e x E x dx = �
 and 0 ( ) ( ) x ir ir e x E x dx = �
 (8) are the total elastic energy stored and the total irreversible energy dissipated during 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 Stress (MPa) Temperature (K) annealed at 726 KAfmech Ms mech �f �r �� mech Af th Ms th th Fig. 2.
Furthermore, that (0) 0elE� � implies: 1/ 2 1 (0) ( ) 2 el s f o H E H T M A T S S � � � � = + = < = � � (9) Transformation Hysteresis.

El Mahdi1,a*, Hamidi Abdul Aziz1,2,b, Salem S.
Twenty crude oil-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from oil-contaminated sites at Al Hariga Oil Terminal and Nafoora Oilfield.
Our results are similar to those of Ismail et al. [13], who showed that Pseudomonas NBHCO4 strain is a biosurfactant producer that degrades 78% of crude oil in 28 d.
S.El-Sayed, A.
M.El Nayal, Y.