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There is a strong demand to generate design-relevant fatigue data which are required for many of the projected applications of structural ceramics.
On the other side, the stress reduction leads to an increasing of samples without failure. 101 102 10 3 10 4 10 5 106 107 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 ZrO2- 5% Biovidro Tensão Aplicada (MPa) N (Ciclos) Fig. 5 - Cyclic fatigue results of the ZrO2-Bioglass samples: σmax x N curves.

Based on this requirement, Otte has proposed generalized theory of the martensitic transformation for cubic to orthorhombic [6] in which he has worked out restrictions that have to be imposed on the starting data (possible LIS) for the existence of the habit plane solution.
If the reduction in strain energy brought about due to twinning is E, and the increase in free energy due to the introduction of twin interfaces γ, then the critical nucleus size, Vcrit, at which the LIS is introduced is determined to be [3]: Vcrit. = (γ-E)/∆GV (6) where ∆GV is the chemical free energy change per unit volume.

The finite element modeling analysis on temperature and deformation was conducted and verified with the experimental data.
The microstructure on the superalloy side changed slightly with the reduction of grain size and deformation zone due to the severe plastic deformation during welding.

Elongation at break, tensile modulus, and tensile strength were evaluated from the stress-strain data.
Abd Majid, Regenerated Spent Bleaching Earth for the Decolourisation and Bod Reduction of Palm Oil Mill Effluent.

The CFD technique has been helping to obtain data that are often very difficult to obtain experimentally, such as the detailed behavior of the distribution phenomena of concentration, speed, pressure, reactions, among others, inside the membrane.
This behavior is characteristic of the membrane filtration process, in which the reduction of the oil content in the water occurs as the mixture tangentially enters the separator, and the membranes retain the oil fractions in their porous structure, allowing the permeate to pass through. [2].

The minimum density was sample no. 7 with a reduction by 51% as compared to sample no. 1.
Vol. 211 (2019), p. 321–329 [11] Information on http://infofile.pcd.go.th/mgt/PollutionReport2015_en.pdf [12] Information on https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/ containers-and-packaging-product-specific-data [13] Information on https://www.statista.com/statistics/1055604/key-figures-glass-recycling-globally/ [14] R.

The automation of the finishing process can allow a reduction in production times and costs.
Lee et al.[9] discussed the problems during squareness measurements when using the laser interferometer, such as the inevitable Abbe’s error and local squareness estimation due to the constrained measurable range, and presented an approach to eliminate the Abbe’s error by applying a best fit process to partial and full range data.

A computer collected all data of temperature change of the slurry during polymerization.
In addition, sodium hydrogen sulfite can also be used together with APS, which composes an oxidation-reduction system for initiating free-radical polymerization of acrylamide. 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 APS=0.025g/100g slurry APS=0.04g/100g slurry APS=0.06g/100g slurry APS=0.07g/100g slurry Temperature risen ¡÷Tt (¡æ) Reaction Time (s) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 2 4 6 8 10 APS=0.01g/100g slurry APS=0.015g/100g slurry APS=0.02g/100g slurry Temperature risen ¡÷Tt (¡æ) Reaction Time (s) Fig.3 Temperature evolution of silicon carbide/ carbon black slurry versus reaction time with various APS contents.

The high performance liquid chromatography analysis of the samples in this research was performed on a HPLC system, including a Shimadzu LC-10ACP pump, an automatic injector, an UV-vis detector with a SCL 10 AVP interface (Shimadzu, Japan), and an N2000 data system (Nanjing kejie analytic instrument Co.
The main reason of the reduction of the Tg values of the imprinted and non-imprinted membranes may be the poor stability of the thin layers polymerized of the monomer (MAA) and the cross-linker (EGDMA) than that of the PSF supports lowered the Tg values of the composite materials.

From these data it is possible to conclude that the critical current density of MgB2 tapes is not severely limited by microstructural defects and inhomogeneities.
In particular we have worked on the reduction of grain size by milling the powders.