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Business activities can pose a significant threat to the environment in terms of carbon monoxide emissions, discarded packaging materials, scrapped toxic materials, traffic congestion and other forms of industrial pollution [5].
Businesses operate in several interrelated pressures from internal and external stakeholders: government, society, shareholders, customers and market when respond to environmental matters such as conserving materials, reduced water and energy use.
Environmental Management Practices in Fleet Operations An increasing concern and awareness among the general public for environmentally friendly business processes and prevention of global warming can trigger firms to show remarkable commitment to green practices such as recycle, reuse and reduce materials.
Tham, An Overview of the Air Pollution Trend in Klang Valley, Malaysia, Open Environmental Sciences. 6(2012) 13-19
Chemical Industry, The Academy of Management Journal. 42(1999) 351-371

Advanced Engineering Materials, 10(9) (2008), 775-787
Ong, Characterization of close-celled cellular aluminum alloys, J. of Materials Science, 36 (2001), 2773 - 2786
Material Science and Engineering A, 292 (2000), 1-7
De Hosson, Fracture of open- and closed-cell metal foams, Journal of Material Science, 40 (2005), 5821-5828
Liu, Tensile fracture behavior of foamed metallic materials, Material Science and Engineering A, 384 (2004), 352-354

Free convective flow of visco-elastic fluid in a vertical channel with Dufour effect, World Applied Sciences Journal, 28 (9) (2013): 1275-1280
Makinde Effects of Navier Slip on Entropy Generation in a Porous Channel with Suction/Injection, Journal of Thermal Science and Technology, 7(4) 2012
Effect of thermal radiation on the entropy generation of hydromagnetic flow through porous channel, The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 17( 2)(2016) 59-68 [16] S.
Arekete, Entropy generation analysis for a reactive couple stress fluid flow through a channel saturated with porous material, Energy, 93(2015) 1239-1245 [17] S.O.
Approximate solution of multipoint boundary value problems, International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 10(4) (2015) 85-89

These materials are currently manufactured by means of several different processes.
A great deal of attention must be given to the choice of materials that are employed as metal matrix and blowing agent.
Table 1 shows main characteristics of the materials which were employed.
Banhart, Manufacture, Characterization and Applications of Cellular Metals and Metal Foams, Progress in Materials Science, 46 6 (2001) 559-632
Banhart, Porous Metals and Metallic Foams: Current Status and Recent Developments, Advanced Engineering Materials 9 10 (2008)

Magnetostrictive materials belong to the intelligent material, when the external magnetic field changes, magnetostrictive materials can produce changes in the size or shape, Producing magnetostrictive phenomenon, for the displacement or force output.
We usually control the excitation voltage is used to realize the drive control of giant magnetostrictive materials.
If the magnetic fields are in the opposite direction, the magnetostrictive materials will shorten.
Because of the bias magnetic field, frequency doubling of magnetostrictive materials is disappear.
[6] Xuetao Guo, Xiuyong Wang, Qingjia Meng:Journal of Hunan Institute of Engineering(Natural Science Edition), 2013,(3): 60-64.

The main advantages of the technology are extremely fine dispersion of inorganic materials, separation of homogeneous particle fractions and conservation of the purity of the obtained products at the level of initial materials [7].
The research is supported by the RF Ministry of Education and Science: State assignment "Science", State Contract No.14.513.11.0039.
Smorchkov, Ultralight ceramic armor materials based on nanostructural mechanoactivated boron carbide powders, J.
Hasselman, Evaluation of KIc of brittle solids by the indentation method with low crack-to-indent ratios, Journal of materials science letters. 1 (1982) 13–16
Slavina, Physical and mechanical properties of hard polycrystalline materials, Refractory materials and technical ceramics. 5 (1995) 2–5.

The arches are easily transportable, rapidly deployable and do not require the heavy equipment or large crews needed to handle the weight of traditional construction materials.
At the present stage of knowledge, four general approaches are taken for selecting the n value: (1) consulting tables or photographs of channel reaches of typical n values which can be used to estimate n for a different reach with recognizably similar characteristics; (2) measuring friction slopes, discharges and some cross-sections which is both time consuming and expensive; (3) adopting empirical formulas to estimate the values of roughness based on the particle size distribution curve of surface bed material; or (4) adopting empirical formulas to estimate the values of roughness based on friction slope or water surface slope.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Shandong water conservancy science and technology plan (No :sdslky201301).
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2011 606-611 [3] Stefano Pagliara and Iacopo Carnacina.
JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / FEBRUARY 2011 pp254-262 [4] B.Mottahed.

Velasco, P/M aluminum matrix composites: an overview, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 13 (2003) 203-206
Walke, The processing and properties of discontinuously reinforced aluminum composites, Journal of Materials. 8 (1991) 8-15
Wlosinski, The production and application of metal matrix composite materials, J.
Xie, Hot deformation behavior and processing map of 30%SiCp/2024A1 composite, Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy. 19 (2014) 1-7
Frazier, Effect of prior β-grain size on the hot deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V: Coarse vs coarser, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 9 (2000) 153-160.

Adequate material properties were assigned to each parts of the model, in accordance with the results of material coupon tests.
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 95, 71-80
Proceedings of the Romanian Academy Series A - Mathematics Physics Technical Sciences Information Science, 17(2), 169-177
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 82, 19-32
Journal of Engineering Mechanics 124(8) 892-900

The same material and properties were selected for the pinion.
The material selected was steel with modulus of elasticity (E) of 210 GPa and Poisson's ratio of 0.3, the contact property has a tangential behavior with a coefficient of friction 0.2.
Brown, Gear Stress Reduction Using Internal Stress Relief Features, Journal of Mechanical Design 119 (1997) 518-521
Spitas, Increasing the Strength of Standard Involute Gear Teeth with Novel Circular Root Fillet Design, American Journal of Applied Sciences 2 (2005) 1058-1064
Icard, Analysis and Optimization of the Loaded Meshing of Face Gears, Journal of Mechanical Design 127 (2005) 135-143