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The simulations were conducted using the ANSYS-FLUENT commercial CFD package.
Temperature measurement at different locations of the forged ingot surfaces were used to validate the transient numerical simulations.
References [1] Kang, Jinwu, and Yiming Rong., Modeling and simulation of load heating in heat treatment furnaces." 
[3] Mayr, B., et al., CFD analysis of a pusher type reheating furnace and the billet heating characteristic.
Hanjalić, Turbulent heat transfer from a multi-layered wall-mounted cube matrix: a large eddy simulation.

It was shown that the important parameters including the mass flow distribution of each outlets and the flow structure near the windshield and side windows could be quickly evaluated from the steady state CFD simulation results in the early design stage.
However, transient CFD simulation, considering cabin temperature distribution or phase changing, needs a lot of computational resources and time.
Based on the motivation of pre-evaluating the HVAC system performance in the early design stage, the steady state CFD simulation of a passenger car’s defrosting duct was carried out.
The whole geometry model for CFD simulation, shown in Fig. 1, consists of the defrosting duct, interior trim, seats, cabin, two front passengers and almost all the cabin accessories.
The numerical simulations were carried out using a commercial CFD code, ANSYS Fluent.

Skea et al. [2] used a CFD approach to model underhood air flow and heat transfer by using accurate boundary condition obtained from empirical data and from other simulation tools modelling complementary thermal systems in the vehicle.
Damodaran and Kaushik [3] developed a full scale CFD model of underhood using FLUENT as the simulation tool.
Table 2 shows the results generated from the CFD simulation under various driving conditions. 96 numbers of CPU have being used at MIMOS.
Total solver CPU times to run this simulation are 10058891 seconds.
Smith, Using CFD for underbonnet thermal management, EACC 2003, 1st European Automotive CFD Conference, Bingen Germany, 25-26 June 2003

Application of CFD The numerical simulation of turbine internal flow field is one of the key technologies at present which implements hydraulic design of turbine using the modern design method of hydraulic turbine design, the CFD technology has considered as a main auxiliary mean in design modification[5, 6].
The design process based on CFD combined with CAD for turbine is shown in Figure 1.
The simulation results are statistical calculated; the average values of the runner main parameters inside flow are listed in Table 1.
Through the above numerical simulation analysis we can test hydraulic design and further improve the situation, and make it more efficient in accordance with the design thought.
References [1] Wang Fujun: CFD Software Principle and Application (Tsinghua University press, (2004),in Chinese

We indicated the high wind speed areas for discomfort under strong wind conditions experimentally in BLWT wind tunnel and using CFD simulation.
During these tests and also in the CFD simulation, also nearby high-rise building (the main building of VUB bank) was considered.
Fig. 3 Dimensions of the cross-section of the high-rise building [mm] and positions of the pressure taps in the level C (the terrace) CFD Simulation and Obtained Results For CFD simulation, ANSYS 17.2 under Academic license was used [15].
In spite of this fact, we were limited with maximum number of elements 512 000 in CFD simulation (licence limitation).
Schlunzen, B.Carissimo, Best practice guideline for the CFD simulation of flows in the urban environment, COST Office Brussels, 2007

The performance of a hydrodynamic journal bearing with different center circumferential grooves (CGs) is investigated using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
With the development of computer technology and numerical method, CFD simulation becomes available and popular in journal bearing investigation.
In the present work, a series of CFD simulations have been carried out to view the circumferential groove effects on journal bearing performance such as the oil flow rate, the load capacity, the friction torque and the maximum temperature, and try to discuss the mechanism of the influence.
CFD model for turbocharger journal bearing performances.
CFD analysis of journal bearing hydrodynamic lubrication by Binghamlubricant.

This study presents a methodology to validate CFD simulations of the spray fuel injection using an experimental bench and optical measurement tools along with the Shadowgraph Technique.
As long as building prototypes or performing many experiments can generate undesirable costs, the numerical simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) come up as a convenient and effective solution.
The CFD droplet diameter distribution is presented in the Appendix.
The Fig. 10 illustrates the diameter distribution on the CFD simulation presented on this paper.
Rosin-Rammler diameter distribution of the CFD simulation Acknowledgment The authors are grateful to Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and Petrobras for the investments in the CTM-UFMG (Center of Mobility Technology - UFMG) that made this work possible.

To verified the data from mechanical test, CFD simulation will be used.
In order to verified the result form mechanical tests, CFD simulation will be used.
In additon, CFD simulation was also used to demonstrate the gas flow around the superheater in the boiler.
CFD Modelling In the form of CFD modelling, the illustration of original combustion chamber is presented in Figure 1.
Fig. 1 Boiler Configuration It should be noted that CFD simulation are conducted at 100 % of capacity or design capacity [6,7].

In this study, CFD simulation technology, simulation and analysis of spray flow field in an absorber of automotive absorption refrigerator is carried out to verify the effectiveness of packings.
In this study, CFD simulation for automotive air conditioning absorption cold source simulation is carried out, and the contrast of flow field and concentration distribution in packing-absorber with non-packing absorber lays the foundation for the key technical issues and its practical application of absorption cold source for automotives.
Three-dimensional model of the absorber was established and imported from Pro/Engineering software to CFD pre-treatment software.
Pressure-based transient-state and implicit scheme solver is used in the CFD software.
Results and Discussion CFD post-processing software is used for processing the numerical results.

Numerical simulations were carried out for different flow conditions.
Many studies have been done on the CFD analysis of droplet formation in a T-junction device [1-12].
Liu and Li [7] used a steady 3D two-fluid CFD model to study the dispersed bubbly flow split phenomenon in the T-junction.
The simulation achieved good agreement with the experimental result.
Conclusion This study used a CFD model to investigate the droplet generation process in the modified T-junction device proposed by Song [1].