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is the function affected by the material character of steel striker.
is the function affected by the material character of target， ， are the stictions. ， are the the function affected by the mediums.
Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project 50708022), and the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of China (Project 06301038), and the Scientific and Research Developing Project of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China 2006-K1-37 and 2010-K3-27, and the Project Supported by Guangzhou Government Higher Vocational Colleges & Schools Yang Cheng Scholar Funded Scheme(10A043G), and the Research and Innovation Teams Project of Guangzhou University.
Materials and Structures, 1991, 24(6), 425-450 [5] Cotsovos D M, Pavlovic M N, Numerical investigation of concrete subjected to high rates of uniaxial tensile loading, The International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2008, 35(5):319-335 [6] Hao H, Hao Y F, Li Z X.
A numerical study of factors influencing high-speed impact tests of concrete material properties.

In this chapter, the Fe3O4 was prepared by co-precipitation method. [2, 3] Experimental Section Experiment Materials.
Table 1 Experiment crude materials Crude materials Molecular weight Purity Producing area FeCl2·4H2O 198.82 AR Shanghai FeCl3·6H2O 270.29 AR Sinopharm NaOH 40.00 AR Hangzhou PEG 3000-4500 AR Shanghai CH3CH2OH 46.07 AR Anhui Principle of the Reaction.
Acknowledgement This study was supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.
Jiao, Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 14 (2009) No.3, pp.131-136.
Liu, Journal of University of Jinan, Vol. 23 (2009) No.2, pp.141-144.

Other materials used in PCR chips were also developed such as glass, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethylmethacrylaye (PMMA ), et al [5,6].
The materials properties used in this analysis are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Properties of materials used in COMSOL simulation Materials Density kg/m3 Coefficient of thermal Conductivity W*/(m*K) Thermal capacity J/(kg*K) Convection coefficient W/（m2*K） Water 1000 0.6 4179 / PDMS 950 0.21 1500 50 Pt 21500 72 130 50 Glass 2200 1.2 750 50 After 120s，the temperature are stable，thus all figures were obtained at this moment.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by National Key Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2011CB933102) and Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology of China (11DZ2290303).
[4] C.H.Cho, W.Cho, Y.Ahn, S.Y.Hwang: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol.17(2007), p. 1810

The pollution areas, radiation type and nature, equivalent dose of -rays and exposure dose rate is determined by dosimeters and the prospecting for radiactive materials and ionizing sources are realized.
This is conditioned to a high extent by the fact that scintillation materials differ for their high registration efficiency, sufficient temporal and energy resolution.
Scintillation semiconductor detectors (SD) on the base of metal-А 3В 6 lamellar semiconductors are perspective materials for electron, x- and γ-irradiation.
Introduction SDs are the most perspective materials in optoelectronics because of the small size of an active area and the possibility of providing high sensitivity by means of a highly active area creation [6].
Scintillation SDs on the base of metal - А 3В 6 lamellar semiconductor are perspective materials for electron, x- and γ-irradiation.

These fibrous lignocellulosic materials, after meeting the field soil enrichment requirements, represent a substantial source of biomass that holds the promise for nonfood-based biofuel for present and future energy needs [7].
Shearing was proved to be the energy efficient method for cutting fibrous lignocellulosic materials.
It was concluded shear failure is expected to be more energy efficient than tensile failure for cutting fibrous materials.
This phenomenon indicates that the bionic saw blade has potential extension to cut other biomass materials with fibrous lignocellulose and may hold promise for improved energy efficiencies.
, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 42 (2012) 99-154 [8] C.

In this study, the bleached wood pulp and Cu micro powder were used as raw materials, a thermally conductive cellulose/copper composite rod (TCCR) was prepared via a traditional paper-making method with lower manufacturing costs [17].
Experimental Materials.
Luo: Tobacco Science & Technology Vol. 9 (2007) p. 5 [15] X.M.
Yu: Materials science and engineering of powder metallurgy Vol. 21 (2016) p. 878 [17] H.H.
Lu: Jouranl of Materials Chemistry A Vol. 3 (2015) p. 5294 [19] H.Z.

Ericsson, Influence of welding speed on the fatigue of friction stir welds, and comparison with MIG and TIG, International Journal of Fatigue 25 (2003) 1379–1387
Malek Ghaini, Effect of friction stir welding speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a duplex stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A 496 (2008) 262–268
Nakata, Three defect types in friction stir welding of aluminum die casting alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A 415 (2006) 250–254
Szkodo, Analysis of FSW welds made of aluminium alloy AW6082-T6, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 2007 (2007) 453–460
Josserond, X-ray micro-tomography an attractive characterisation technique in materials science, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 200 (2003) 273–286

It is clear that the free energy depends on the material temperature.
Gao. , Mechanics of materials, Vol.38，(2006), 391-429
Hemmant, Smart Materials and Structures,Vol.15 (2006), 1725-1733
Smith, Smart Material Systems: Model Development, SIAM Publishers, Philadelphia, 2005
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 102, (1976), 249-263.

Preparation of (321) Oriented Silicon Clathrate Film by a Sol-gel method Gong Min, Zhu Xingwena, Xu Tiezhu, Li Lizhe, Jiang Wenzhong, Zhou Xiao School of Materials Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai (200072), China axingwenzhu@shu.edu.cn Keywords: sol-gel method; silicon clathrates; nanometer; thin film Abstract.
The unique cage structures for the clathrate materials attract intensively researchers’ attentions due to their outstanding properties in electrical, superconductive, magnetic, thermoelectric, and hydrogen storing fields.
Silicon clathrate with the unique cage structures has the extensive application as a kind of new hydrogen-storing materials.
Why are Clathrates Good Candidates for Thermoelectric Materials?
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2000, 149:455-458

Experimental Materials.
[3] Fei Chen, Zhou Cheng Wang: Materials Letters Vol. 57 (2002), p. 858–861
[6] Guifu Zuo, Yizao Wan, Lei Wang: Materials Letters Vol. 64 (2010), p. 2126–2128
[8] Hyeong Ho Jin, Chang-Hun Lee: Materials Letters Vol. 62 (2008), p. 1630–1633
Asmus: Materials Science and Engineering A Vol. 316 (2001).