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One possible mechanism for the improved ohmic contact behavior is that the addition of Au and Ti resulted in a reduction barrier height.
Figure 2 shows pre-anneal X-ray mapping images (8 hour acquisitions, including drift correction), a TEM micrograph, and EDX chemical analysis data for the Ti/AlNi/Au sample.
Comparing the two sets of EDX data, it appears that Au has diffused toward the substrate, while the AlNi layer seems displaced 'upward'.
This reduction in barrier height was explained using a model with an enhanced electrical field at the interface due to the small size of the Au particles and the large difference in barrier heights between Ti and Au on SiC [6].
Bob Wheeler of UES, Inc. for TEM assistance, Tom Boenlin and Victor McNier of UDRI for data acquisition system development, Dr.

According to the data analysis from the geological department, long-term reserves are more than 1.5 billion tons in our country, only in Guangxi province they are more than 200 million tons [2].
The main mineral composition of sinter are calcium ferrite, aluminum acid calcium and calcium aluminum melilite, which have excellent cold strength, good metallurgical property, low reduction powder property in low temperature.
Metalization pre-reduction - electric furnaces melting points - alumina extraction process The process is that bauxites are broken, fitting into a certain amount of limestone and coal,then mixing them.
At the same time, reduction equipment is rotary kiln iron, the reduction temperature is above 1400℃, so particle iron method has the same problem as pig iron clinker method that rotary kiln easily knots circle and lining life is short [6].
The main advantages of this process have two: a, it makes full use of the characteristics of high iron gibbsite-type bauxites that gibbsites are easy to leach, and goethite ( hematite ) have the good reduction properties; b, the process is relatively simple, only catalytic reduction process is in high temperature condition; in addition to, this process need not to add other materials except alkali and reducing coal, so energy consumption and materials consumption are greatly lowered.

The oxidation peak shifts more rapidly than the reduction peak.
The oxidation and reduction peak potentials (Ipa and Ipc) decrease with the increasing pH, too.
Both the oxidation and reduction peak currents increase with the increasing scan rates.
When BSA was added to the PMT solution, the oxidation and the reduction peaks shift towards high and low potentials, respectively, and the decrease of oxidation and reduction currents is observed.
The results of the binding number m and the binding constant β of BSA binding to PMT obtained from the experimental data are 2.10 and 7.43×105 L/mol, respectively, which means that PMT binding to BSA forms a 2:1 complex of BSA-2PMT.

According to the experimental data, TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts proved to be more active in comparison with TiO2/Al2O3 materials.
The degree of photoelectrochemical deposition of metals on the surface of photocatalytic materials was determined from the atomic-emission analysis data of the liquid phase (mother solutions) and solid phase (samples) using the ICAP 6300 DuO Thermo spectrometer.
According to the data presented in Fig. 3, polycrystalline TiO2 (sample 6) generates free charge carriers in the approximate ratio of 1:1 in the absence of electromagnetic field caused by the support, while synthesized materials deposited on the electron-acceptor supports show high selectivity towards generation of electronic vacancies.
For the series of TiO2/SiO2 samples the results of catalytic experiment are in a good correlation with the data presented in Fig. 3.
The activity decreases with the reduction of selectivity towards generation of electron vacancies.

The use of GPS in the hydrographic survey is known to speedup data acquisition, and improve its accuracy and efficiency [16].
In addition, it also made data processing much easier.
The total station was used to capture additional data from the offshore area and also verified the existing benchmarks and established necessary control points.
The data obtained was downloaded into a computer and processed using CivilCAD®.
Regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of sediment incursion into the reservoirs based on the data presented on Table 5.

The average Pt particle size was found to be less than 15 nm which is calculated from XRD data.
Table 1 Comparison of EIS data for Nafion: PEG nanocomposite film at different composition in with pure Nafion film.
RHE and the Pt-O(H) formation and reduction were observed at 0.7 V and 0.6 V respectively.
Balaji, Improved oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by pt/clay/Nafion nanocomposite for PEM fuel cells, ACS Appl.
Watanabe, Oxygen reduction at the Pt/carbon black-polyimide ionomer interface, J.

As the rolling reduction grows, shear bands proliferate significantly and pass through more lamellas of Cu and Ag phases.
Variation in hardness of transverse and longitudinal sections corresponding to rolling reductions is shown in Fig. 4.
As rolling reduction increases, the difference grows larger, suggesting larger anisotropy.
It is worth to note that, for both sections, good consistency is revealed between the experimental data and fitted curves based on equation (1) and (2), demonstrating that Cu/Ag interface strengthening dominates in strain stage of this research, namely 80 % ~ 99 %.
However, some deviations exist between the experimental data and fitted curves when layer spacing surpasses about 150nm, which manifests that the reinforcing effect induced by variation of dislocation density, precipitates, twins, grain boundaries and sub-boundaries in microstructure refinement process is also prominent in contrast with Cu/Ag interface strengthening when rolling strain is lower than 96.5 %.

Cathode Reduction Reaction.
Table. 3 lists some of experimental data including mean of initial surface roughness (MISR), standard deviation of initial surface roughness (SDISR), mean of finished surface roughness (MFSR), and standard deviation of finished surface roughness (SDFSR).
Data of experiments No.
Fig. 6 shows mechanism of the catalytic reduction of nitrate on the cathode [14].
Cathode covered by products of catalytic reduction and metal nitrates hydrates.

Taking data sampled from full load net generation at 455 MW (net), an analysis was conducted to identify points of improvement in the unit’s air preheating system.
To address the air preheater performance issues, the air heater operation was carefully studied to establish benchmark parameters and baseline data.
A probe was inserted and took readings at each elevation of the data points.
The measurement of temperature at the correct locations in both the inlet and outlet channels can provide adequate data about how air preheaters work efficiently [9].
Table 3 Pre-outage data points compared to post outage data points Data Points Pre-Outage Post Outage 2.81% 3.01% 5.88% 4.10% 406.83°C 388.55°C 159.34°C 142.91°C 390.51°C 368.25°C 387.24°C 363.13°C Using these data points, we can calculate the for the post outage performance parameters to determine the overall performance improvement of the air preheater.

And the relation between partial texture of different grains assembly and its mean grain size can be expressed by an empirical formula from experiment data. 1.
Subsequently, grain size distributions and partial textures of various size grains have been calculated from EBSD measurements for each annealing condition and an empirical formula which incorporates both grain size and partial texture is proposed according to experimental data. 2.
The initial steel plate was commercially hot rolled, and then cold rolled to 0.8 mm with a reduction of 80% at room temperature.
It can be seen that the empirical formula proposed above can fit the present experimental data.
At same annealing temperature for different annealing time, grain size distribution and partial texture is similar, and the partial ODFs can be expressed by an empirical formula from experimental data.