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Compared with FT-IR spectrum of Palygorskite (curve a), the bands around 1000cm-1, resulted from Si-O-Si (Al) of Palygorskite, changed in the CP (curve b) and IIPs (curve c).
El-Ghamry and P.
Hasan, et al.: J.
Boddu, et al.: Bioresour Technol., Vol. 100 (2009), p. 194 [10] N.
Jin, et al.: J.

As reported by Zhao et al [1], the different parameters that are influencing the bake hardening are numerous and often coupled, mainly: the chemical composition and especially the solid solution carbon content (Css), the grain size and the ageing conditions (temperature and time).
The strain ageing kinetics can be described based on a generalised form of the Harper model proposed by Zhao et al [1], what takes into account the diffusion of carbon atoms in the stress field of a dislocation, progressive carbon depletion in the matrix and saturation of the available dislocation sites.
For short ageing times, Zhao et al. have shown that the ratio ∆σ/∆σmax, representing the yield strength increase during ageing over the maximum strength increase, tends linearly to 1 as the saturation level δBH approaches to unity [1].
The propagation of plastic instability has been recently simulated using the finite element method by Ballarin et al [13] by the introduction of a local physical law.
Schmitt, E.L.

Peiris et al. reported that the rGO interlayers incorporated TiO2 photoanode using electrophoretic method achieved an efficiency of 6.2% [13].
Ramamoorthy et al. used rGO modified titania photoanodes to fabricate DSSC which performed the highest efficiency of 6.61% [14].
Recently, Kumar el al. produced DSSC with rGO-TiO2 nanocomposite as photoanode that was prepared using hydrothermal method and achieved efficiency up to 6.9% [15].
Hu et. al [19].
Al Nafiey, A.

Mussatto et al. [15] and Fărca et al. [16] reported the wet BSG from a lauter tun contained about 77-81 %(w/w) and 70-80 %(w/w) water content, correspondingly.
Nanda et al [20] assigned the intramolecular hydrogen bond in lignin and cellulose to the peaks at around 3568–3577 cm−1, and at around 3432 cm−1 or at 3342 cm−1, respectively.
Baloch et al., Recent advances in production and upgrading of bio-oil from biomass: A critical overview, J.
Fărcaş et al., Brewers ’ spent grain – A new potential ingredient for functional foods, J.
El‐Shafey, M.

Laidoudi et al. [10] performed a numerical research on the free convection from a hot cylinder of special cross-sectional form confined within a cold circular cylinder.
Zhang et al. [13] investigation the natural convection of rotating cylinder confined in square cavity.
Between two concentric cylinders and under the thermal buoyancy, Abu-Nada et al. [14] filled the annular with water-based naofluids.
To do so, we have simulated the same geometry studied by Abu-Nada et al. [14] and Matin and Khan [9].
Al-Kouz1, A.

In a significant divergence from traditional ways of producing alloys, Cantor et al. and Yeh et al. independently came up with the idea of making multicomponent alloys with components in nearly the same atomic percentage of the mixture.
Yeh et al [3] named these alloys as high-entropy alloys, pointing out the well-known thermodynamic fact that the entropy of mixing (Eq. 2) of a binary alloy is maximum when the elements are in equal atomic percentages, and that the maximum configurational entropy (Eq. 3) in any system increases with increasing number of elements (N) in the system (Fig. 1) [1].
Yeh et al. proposed that the high entropy of mixing makes these alloys prone to form solid solutions, including disordered and partially disordered solid solutions.
Yeh et al [15] presented an example of the cocktail effect, illustrated in Fig. 3.
El-Hadad, High Entropy Alloys: The Materials of Future, Int.

The differentiation of the above equation allows to determine the elastic force fel: R F f el el d d =
Binder et al. studied a solution of off-lattice linear chains located in the repulsive and adsorbing slits at good solvent conditions [10-12].
The influence of the temperature on the size and the structure of the linear and star-branched polymers were studied recently by Lopez et al. [20,21].
The Molecular Dynamics simulations of polymer dense melt in the slit were performed by Aoyagi et al. [22].
Similar studies were done by Allegra et al. [23] but polymer chains had associating terminal groups ('stickers').

= 100 Re = 200 Kumar et al. [55] Present work Fig. 4.
Comparison between the present work streamlines and those of Kumar et al. [55].
Al-Ansari, Numerical analysis of turbulent flow over a backward-facing step in an open channel, Arch.
Elbing, Laminar boundary layer over a serrated backward-facing step, Fluids 9 (2024) 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9060135 [22] T.
Liu, A.L.

El-Baden1,c 1Tripoli University, Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Tripoli, Libya aafsaud@hotmail.com, bhakimsa@poczta.onet.pl, celbadenpool@gmail.com Keywords: Two Stage Concrete, Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength, Grout Mixture.
King and A.L.

Extraction of Gelatin Biopolymer from Short Mackerel Bone (Rastrelliger brachysoma) Eduardus Budi Nursanto1,2,3,a*, Shavira El Madina1,b and Ayu Dahliyanti1, 2, c 1Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Pertamina, South Jakarta, Indonesia, 12220 2Center of Downstream Chemical Industry, Universitas Pertamina, South Jakarta, Indonesia, 12220 3Graduate Program of Science in Sustainability, Universitas Pertamina, South Jakarta, Indonesia, 12220 aeduardus.bn@universitaspertamina.ac.id, belmadinashavira@gmail.com, cayu.dahliyanti@universitaspertamina.ac.id Keywords: mackerel bone, extraction, gelatin biopolymer.
[11] Aisman et al, Extraction of Gelatin from Tuna Fish Bones (Thunnus sp) on Variation of Acid Solution, IOP Conf.