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Introduction It is well-known that glass is one of the oldest artificial materials which is a uniform amorphous solid material and can be fabricated when the viscous molten material was cooled down.
Sirikulrat, Fabrication of lead-free high refractive index glass using local raw materials, KMITL Sci.
Sirikulrat, Lead-free high refractive index glasses produced from local raw materials, Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (2008) 257-260
Dararutana, Physical and optical properties of barium-based glass doped with Nd3+ prepared from Thai raw materials, Materials Today: Proceeding 66 (2022) 3125-3128
Jitwatcharakomol, Glass batch modification to improve the weathering resistance in soda-lime silicate glass, Key Engineering Materials 798 (2019) 206-211

Raw materials namely, purely cow dung was prepared beside the "Undrakh group" farm located in Kherlen soum in Dornod aimag (see. fig. 1).
We have prepared raw materials collecting as homogeneous cow dung with compact dense.
Plus, for slow pyrolysis in which animal originated raw materials is used, the highest temperature reaches 7000C or less [8, 13-17].
Abul Kalam, Procedia Engineering. 56 (2013) 39-53. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.087 [4] Quicker P, Biokohle Weber K.
Muzend, South African Journal of Chemical Engineering. 24 (2017) 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2017.10.004 [12] X.Yuan, T.

Selection of Building External Windows in Different Climatic Zones Based on LCA Chunzhi Zhao1,2,3,a, Quan Jiang1,2,3,b, Ping Zhao3,c and Liping Ma1,2,3,d 1China Building Material Test & Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100024, China 2National Key Lab for Green Building Materials, Beijing, 100024, China 3China Building Material Academy, Beijing, 100024, China achunzhizhao-1980@163.com, bjq@ctc.ac.cn, cczzhao@ctc.ac.cn, dmlp@ctc.ac.cn Keywords: Building external windows, Life cycle assessment, Different climatic zones, Selection.
Based on the LCA method, this article studies the environmental impacts like energy consumption and carbon emission etc. of three energy-saving windows with the largest market occupancy including bridge-cut-off aluminum alloy windows, un-plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) windows and aluminum-wood composite windows to establish data bases for carbon emissions and life cycle environmental impacts of these three energy-saving doors and windows, so as to provide fundamental data for the establishment of LCA data base and the green building evaluation of localized external windows in China, method and data supports for green building materials and green building research, and push the development of green building materials and green buildings.
The window system boundary demarcated in this article includes the resource exploitation, the production of raw and accessory materials (aluminum sections, glass, PVC, timbers, thermal barrier strips, brackets, silicone sealants, rubber strips and kirsites), the transport of raw materials, the energy (power) production and the product production, namely from the "bassinet" to the "gate".
(3) If highway is adopted as the transport manner, the transport distance is calculated from the origin of raw materials purchased by the enterprise
Acknowledgements This work is supported by the project fund of " Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment Technology to the Building Materials for Building Engineering in Typical Regions" of the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (No.:2011BAJ04B06) References [1] Ming Qinghua etc., “The choice of energy saving doors and windows in different climate environment” [J], Doors and Windows, 2010, No.4 ,54-57

McWilliam 1,c 1 University of Nottingham, School of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK 2 Present address: IDEKO, Arriaga Kalea 2, E-20870, Elgoibar, Spain a isadaba@ideko.es, bcolin.fox@nottingham.ac.uk, cstewart.mcwilliam@nottingham.ac.uk Keywords: MEMS, residual stress, anodic bonding Abstract.
Residual stress is a key issue in MEMS packaging, in terms of device reliability and performance [1].
The materials were modeled as perfectly elastic with Young's modulus 170GPa (silicon) and 62GPa (glass) and Poisson's ratio of 0.262 (silicon) and 0.2 (glass).
Sadaba: (2004) Residual stress effects in micro-engineered sensors, PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham
Kowal: Selection of glass, anodic bonding conditions and material compatibility for silicon-glass capacitive sensors, Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 46-47 (1996), 113-120

Rahman2,d 1 Department of Physics and Materials & Surface Science Institute (MSSI) University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Limerick, Ireland 2Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering and Materials Surface Science Institute (MSSI) University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Limerick, Ireland a e-mail: Abbasi.Gandhi@ul.ie, b e-mail: Zakia.Rahman@ul.ie, c e-mail: Vadod.Mousavi@ul.ie d e-mail: Abdur.Rahman@ul.ie Key words: Magnetic thin films, Electrodeposition, RE doped magnets, NiFe thin films Abstract.
Matthews, NanoStructured Materials,Vol.11, (1999), 343-30

Improving of Energy Density in Welding Arc and Its Mechanism Study Tianjiao Xiao *, Yonglun Song, Qiushi Hu and Chao Li College of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Electronics Technology Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail:frank1985319@163.com Keywords: Self magnetic contraction, Parallel multi-electrode torch, High-energy welding arc, Pulse arc, Spectrum diagnostic Abstract.
Especially, in the field of high strength steel and high strength aluminum alloy welding, it urgent requires new welding methods and welding process[1,2].Reduce the amount of welding heat input, control the size of the weld metal and heat affected zone is the key to improve the welding quality.
Acknowledgment This research is support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51275009) Corresponding Author Xiao Tianjiao, Emails: frank1985319@163.com, phone: 0086+13426252033 References [1] Song Yonglun,Yang Xiaohong, Ran Guowei; Xiao Tianjiao, Yan Si Bo, Residual stress characteristics of butt-welded flange by Finite element analysis，Frontiers of Materials Science, 2011, 5(2): 216-223 [2] Lin Jiangbo, Song Yonglun，Ran Guowei; Zhang Wanchun，Luo Chuanguang.
GOYAL et al: Process-Controlled Microstructure and Cast Morphology of Dendrite in Pulsed-Current Gas-Metal Arc Weld Deposits of Aluminum and Al-Mg Alloy, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, 38A(8) 1794-1805 2007 [5] A M Essiptchouk et al: Thermal and power characteristics of plasma torch with reverse vortex, J.
Microstructure and Materials Properties, 3(1) 126-140 2008 [10] H.R.Griem.

Balela* Sustainable Electronic Materials Group, Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of the Philippines, 1101 Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines *mlbalela1@up.edu.ph Keywords: Kapok fibers, Hydrolysis, Heavy metals, Adsorption Abstract.
Methodology Materials.
Balela: Key Eng.

Application of Sliding Guides to Feeder Device in Aggressive Environments SVETLÍK Jozef1,a*, DEMEČ Peter1,b 1Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovak Republic a*jozef.svetlik@tuke.sk, bpeter.demec@tuke.sk Keywords: automatic feeder, linear sliding guidance, renovation of industrial equipment, chemically aggressive environment, industrial washing machine.
This pollution is both a mechanical nature (different chips after machining, metal shavings, and pieces), as well as the chemical nature of the (changed oil, cooling emulsion, and various other materials).
This aggressive environment defined the technical requirements for the construction of renovated feeder automated facilities, along with the requirements of the appropriately selected materials capable of this environment without any problems to deal with, without the need for frequent maintenance.
It is therefore likely that the material „Iglidur J“ of which consist of sliding friction surface and heavily anodized aluminum, which consists of the guide rail can withstand chemical and mechanical load in properly fitting and inextensible carried out with sufficient caution.
Drabiková, Methodological questions of financial analysis, in: Key competences in the area of business: reviewed scientific papers, EkF TUKE, Košice, 2012 pp. 69-75

Investigation of Room Temperature Photoluminescence of ZnO Films Induced by Different Laser Fluence Irradiation Yong Zeng1,a, Yan Zhao1, b, Yijian Jiang1,c* 1Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, People’s Republic of China aemail: watnd@emails.bjut.edu.cn bemail: zhaoyan@bjut.edu.cn cemail:yjjiang@bjut.edu.cn *Corresponding author.
Introduction As a wide band gap semiconductor, due to its remarkable natural properties: large direct band gap (3.37 eV) and high exciton binding energy (60 meV) at room temperature, zinc oxide is considered as a promising material for potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
Based on the interaction between laser and materials, laser irradiation may probablyinduce the changes of intrinsic defect and microstructure of ZnO materials, leading to the analysis of photoluminescence origin.
ZnO is naturally an n-type material and the Fermi level is closer to the conduction band minimum.
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (51005005) and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (KZ201210005004).

Effect of Sr on the Microstructure and Properties of Hypereutectic Al-20 wt% Si Alloy Xiaosong Li 1. a, Anhui Cai 1. b, Gang Liu 2. c, Yong Zhou 1. d and Jijie Zeng 1. e 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, China 2State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China asongxli89@163.com, bcah1970@sohu.com, chbnplg@163.com, dquanzhou@21cn.com, ejijiezeng@163.com Keywords: Al-20 wt% Si alloy, strontium modification, mechanical properties, microstructure Abstract.
The raw materials were charged into a graphite crucible, then placed into a resistance furnace to be adequately melted at 950 ℃.
Huang: Materials Science.
Jia, Q.C Li: Aeronautical Materials.