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Dislocation Conversion during SiC Solution Growth for High-quality Crystals Shunta Haradaa*, Yuji Yamamotob, Shiyu Xiaoc, Daiki Koiked, Takuya Mutohe, Kenta Murayamaf, Kenta Aoyagig, Takenobu Sakaih, Miho Tagawai and Toru Ujiharaj Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, JAPAN a*harada@numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, byamamoto@sic.numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, cxiao@sic.numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, dkoike@sic.numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, emutou@sic.numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, fmura_mura@sic.numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, gaoyagi@gvm.nagoya-u.ac.jp, hsakai@gvm.nagoya-u.ac.jp, imtagawa@numse.nagoya-u.ac.jp, jujihara@nagoya-u.ac.jp Keywords: SiC solution growth, dislocation, X-ray topography, macrostep Abstract.
Introduction Silicon carbide (SiC) is a suitable material for power devices because of its superior physical properties that include a wide band gap, high electric breakdown voltage, high thermal conductivity, and a large saturated drift velocity [1].
The dislocation conversion phenomenon is a key process for high-quality SiC growth.
Kamei, Surface shape-controlled solution growth of 4H-SiC bulk crystal, in: The International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials 2013 Technical Digest, 2013, p. 16

Thus, the quantity of the shear walls can be obtained by the formula (5): (5) Research on feasibility of the shear wall setting in the bottom weak layer Combining the theoretical analysis with actual engineering, we find it feasible that the shear wall’s setting scheme determined by specific theoretical calculation and the shear wall setting’s preliminary confirmation in the bottom weak layer by PKPM modeling.
The size of basic components and materials used is shown in Table 1: Table 1 scantling and material list Component Section size Materials Modulus (KN/㎡) Beam 0.3×0.65㎡ C30 30×106 Column 0.60×0.60㎡ Filler walls External wall 0.25m MU10 Mb10 4.743×106 Interior wall 0.20m (2) Defining the shear wall’s setting scheme The frame filled wall structure’s lateral stiffness is calculated as shown in Table 2: Table 2 lateral stiffness of frame filled wall structure Layer (KN·m) (KN/m) (KN/m) (KN/m) External wall Interior wall External wall Interior wall 1 124000 1188560 13367806 0 2673561 0 2～8 124000 1188560 13367806 15625577 2673561 3125115 In order to improve the stiffness abrupt change between the first floor and other floors, it can add a certain number of shear walls in the first floor, and calculated the quantity of the shear walls in Table 3.
Model 2 is the frame filled wall model: the key of this model is re-converted the section size of columns by the principle of equivalent stiffness, translate the frame filled wall into the equivalent pure frame before modeling and analysis.

More researches and studies are required in this area exploring the possibility of different materials (organic and inorganic) and mechanisms to improve mechanical strength, weatherability and stability for prolonged use.
Acknowledgements Authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Royal Academy of Engineering, United Kingdom and University College London, UK.
Dahiya, Dust accumulation and reduction in electrical performance of solar PV panels, Materials Today: Proceedings, 46:15 (2021) 6608-6612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.082
Engineering Chemistry, 6 (2024) 53-58. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-nXnK8f [14] A.
Key Engineering Materials, 926 (2022) 1643-1649. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-19ai96 [15] P.

Fig. 4a illustrated the engineering stress-strain curves of the studied steel in static and dynamic conditions.
(a) Typical engineering stress-strain curves at different strain rates (b)Ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and yield strength(YS) (c)Typical percentege total elongation at maximum force(UL).
Materials Science & Engineering A, 2016, 680(JAN.5):54-63
Materials Science & Engineering: A, 2016 649 417-425
Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A, 2001 32(11) 2759-2768

Therefore, the curvature of the panels can be identified as a key factor.
Table 1 Overview of the specimens Type Experiment Specimen d [mm] Type Experiment Specimen d [mm] EPRI (L-profiles) Z1 (buckling) TL1 0 JETE (studs) Z1 (buckling) TT1 0 TL2 0 TT2 0 TL3 0 TT3 0 TL4 1.07 TT4 1.16 TL5 1.08 TT5 1.10 TL6 1.15 TT6 1.09 Z2 (shear) SL1 - Z2 (shear) ST1 - SL2 - ST2 - SL3 - ST3 - Materials Special concrete mix was designed with properties similar to the material used for the construction of JETE containment [5].
Experiments The experiments were carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague on ZUZ 200-1350 – HA 63-200 testing machine (maximum load 200 kN).
Nuclear Engineering and Design 16 (1971), pp. 294 – 300
Submitted for publishing in Nuclear Engineering and Design, publication expected by the end of 2015

Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials.
Materials.
Materials & Design, 108562, (2020)
Nuclear Engineering and Design, v. 351, p. 87–93, (2019)
Engineering and Applied Sciences, n. 3, (2018)

Benard, Cooling of a rotating cylinder by a subcooled planar jet, 2012, Key Engineering Materials, 504-506, 1049 [2] S.
Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 37 (1934) 367-374
Passos, 2007, Analysis of the cooling effect of a water jet on a hot steel plate, Proceeding of 19th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, Brasilia, DF [9] M.

The Application of Inertial Measurement Unit in Inertia Parameter Identification Bo Wang, Zhongxi Hou, Xianzhong Gao, Shangqiu Shan College of Aerospace and Materials Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China 1nudtxiaowang@163.com Keywords: Symmetrical Trifilar Pendulum; Moment of Inertia; Inertial Measurement Unit; Ducted Fan Micro-Aerial Vehicle; Self-Alignment; Fourier Analysis Abstract.
Because the measurement cost could be reduced greatly, trifilar pendulum method has been widely used in engineering.
(12) Orientating the Specimen Accurate measuring the orientation of the specimen in reference frame is one of the key steps.
SGl 2AY, United Kingdom:The Institution of Electrical Engineers and AIAA,2004

Therefore, it is significant to establish a multi-level, multi-factor, multi-objective systematic engineering for energy-saving assessment which requires appropriate assessment techniques to achieve the scientific, efficient, reasonable and comprehensive evaluation on architectural design scheme.
For the former, starting from government office buildings, energy conservation transformation is expected to be implemented to form typical and outstanding engineering cases.
Building Energy-Saving Materials.
Architectural planning and design stages therefore ought to consider energy-saving ideas, use appropriate technology and appropriate materials [20], so as to avoid over-dependent to high energy-saving technologies and energy-saving materials.
Compared with conventional wall materials, coefficient of heat conduction of energy-saving wall materials is significantly lower, that means a great reduction of indoor heat loss.

Active ingredient, filler and biopolymeric matrix are mixed to form biodegradable biocomposite packaging materials, which are joined by covalent or noncovalent bonds.
Materials and Method Materials.
Bruker D2 Phaser X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα X-ray was used to analyse the crystalline structure of the materials.
Figure 3 displays the results on the biodegradability test performed on all the biocomposite films, where these materials were buried in the soil for 10 days.
Chmielarek, ‘Characteristics of Biodegradable Polylactide/Thermoplastic Starch/Nanosilica Composites: Effects of Plasticizer and Nanosilica Functionality’, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2018, 2018