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Study on the Reaction Characteristics of Directional Synthesis of a-Terpineol from Turpentine Yan Gu1,2,3,4,a, Zhendong Zhao*1,2,3,4,b, Jie Song5,c, Dongmei Li1,2,3,4,d, Jing Wang2,3,4,e, Yanju Lu2,3,4,f, Liangwu Bi1,2,3,4,g 1 Institute of New Technology, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China; 2Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China; 3National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, 210042, China; 4Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, 210042, China; 5 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, 48502, USA aguy97212@sina.com, bzdzhao@189.cn, cjiesong@umflint.edu, dlidongmei57@163.com, enjwj8324@163.com, fluyanju-1982@163.com, gbiliangwu@126.com Keywords: α-terpineol; γ-terpineol; stereochemistry structure; thermodynamic analysis; reaction mechanism Abstract.
Experimental Raw materials Materials: Turpentine (α-pinene content was 70.56%), provided by Guangdong Pine Forest Perfume Ltd.
In other words, carbocations were the key to the reaction, and the speed of the whole reaction was determined by the formation speed of carbocations.

NURBS-Based upper Bound Limit Analysis of FRP Reinforced Masonry Vaults Through an Efficient Mesh Adaptation Scheme Nicola Grillanda1,a*, Andrea Chiozzi2,b, Gabriele Milani1,c and Antonio Tralli2,d 1Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (A.B.C.), Polytechnic of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy 2Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122, Ferrara, Italy anicola.grillanda@polimi.it, bandrea.chiozzi@unife.it, cgabriele.milani@polimi.it, dtra@unife.it *Corresponding author Keywords: masonry vaults; FRP; NURBS; upper bound limit analysis; mesh adaptation.
According to Heyman, limit theorems of plasticity, i.e. static (lower bound) theorem and kinematic (upper bound) theorem, can be applied to masonry structures provided that the following conditions are verified: i) the compressive strength of the material is infinite; ii) sliding between parts is prevented; iii) tensile strength of masonry is negligible.
In order to take into account the main characteristics of the masonry material, each element is idealized as a rigid body.
For the sake of simplicity, the yield surface has been defined in the stress-space as the parallelepiped defined by the inequalities ,, where are material parameters corresponding respectively to compression strength, tensile strength, shear strength in the direction tangential to the interface midline and shear strength in the direction orthogonal to the interface midline.
Tralli, Fast and reliable limit analysis approach for the structural assessment of FRP-reinforced masonry arches, Key Eng.

Modeling and Design of the Restoration and Seismic Strengthening of the Sanctuary of Santa Maria delle Grazie at Fornò under New Italian Rules NTC 2018 CUSTODI Alberto1,a*, SANTOPUOLI Nicola2,b 1Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 2Department of History, Design and Architecture Restoration, Faculty of Architecture, La Sapienza, University of Roma, Roma, Italy aalberto.custodi@unibo.it, bnicola.santopuoli@uniroma1.it Keywords: Sanctuary at Fornò, historic masonry, laser survey, FEM analysis, seismic analysis.
Regarding the mechanical characteristics of the materials making up the masonry, the previous guidelines provide for their quantitative determination following a series of weakly destructive or destructive tests.
Another important intervention, also from the overall static point of view (and therefore also in an anti-seismic key), is the reduction, possibly elimination, of the imbibition of the walls by capillary ascent (see below).
Nevertheless, the analysis performed allow a comparison of the results, with the same model, for various types of stress and improvement works, and show the benefit of a possible series of such interventions, such as the insertion of architraves, tie rods, curbs and injections of binder mixtures, largely common in the consolidation practice, as well the strengthening with composite materials, which combined with dehumidification interventions can lead to an increase in the earthquake-resistant capacity of the building.
Construction and Building Materials 82 (2015) 45-52

Identification of M6C Carbides Forming during Short-Term Creep in 11Cr-3W-3CoVNbTaNd Ferritic/Martensitic Steel Xiaoling Zhou1,a, Yinzhong Shen2,b,*, Tiantian Shi3,c, Bo Ji4,d, and Zhiqiang Xu5,e 1-5School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China azhouxiaoling0227@163.com, bshenyz@sjtu.edu.cn, csttian@sjtu.edu.cn, djibo2005@sjtu.edu.cn, ezhiqiang789@sjtu.edu.cn *Corresponding author.
Nutting (Eds.), The Institute of Materials, London, 1999, pp. 33–48
Gooch (Eds.), The Institute of Materials, London, 1997, pp. 159-176
Gooch (Eds.), The Institute of Materials, London, 1997, pp. 31-51
Nutting (Eds.), The Institute of Materials, London, 1999, pp. 12–30

Rajan Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.
Introduction Nanotechnology has become one of the fastest growing scientific and engineering disciplines.
Nano fluids play a vital role in the area of engineering applications including heat transfer and refrigeration.
Materials and Methods The primary step is the preparation of nanofluid by mixing mineral oil and nano particles at ratio of 0.1 and 0.2 grams / litre.
Zhang, “Application of Nanoparticles in Domestic Refrigerators”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 28, (2008), pp. 1834-1843 [7] K.

In all transitions the interfaces between the phases play an important role for the engineering of annealing.
As shown previously, the exciting challenge for the application of laser-induced temperature pulses is the engineering with strong undercooling or superheating.
Conf on Energy Pulse Modification of Semiconductors and related Materials, ed. by K.
Clyne: Materials Sci.
Engineer.

cDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University (KNU), 80 University Road, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
Gu et al. synthesized Sn-modified TiO2 materials and utilized for H2 production in methanol/water solution.
Table 2, comprises the different photocatalyst materials used for the photoelectrocatalytic H2 production reaction.
Alfano, Reaction engineering of suspended solid heterogeneous photocatalytic reactors, Catal.
Miseki, Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting, Chem.

Fresh Air Exchange Method Research of Residential House Based on Natural Ventilation Peizhe Tian1,a, Fuxiang Chen1,b, Wei Pi1,c 1Biochemical Engineering College, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100020, China ajdtpeizhe@buu.edu.cn, bjdtfuxiang@buu.edu.cn, cjdtpiwei@buu.edu.cn Keywords: Natural ventilation, Indoor air quality, Residential house, Unpowered components Abstract.
The fresh air exchange component is designed based on the theory of natural ventilation, consisting of dust filter materials and valves.
Moreover, it boasts low noise and no pollution and uses PVC materials, galvanized steel sheets or corrosion resistant plates.
Meanwhile, since the fresh air exchange components are unpowered and boast low costs of installation and use, it is an effective way to ensure the ventilation and prevent sands and dust from entering into the room, thus playing a key role in improving the indoor air quality and reducing the energy consumption of buildings.
[3] Wang Hanqing, Ventilation Engineering, (China Machine Press, Beijing 2013), p. 41-53

Moreover, the absence of PVP in E solution was a key factor for the formation of larger Ru nanoparticles in our seed-mediated method. 2.
Experimental materials.
Materials Research Bulletin. 2008, 43(10), 2818-2824
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. 2011, 50(19), 11445-11451
Journal of Materials Chemistry. 2001, 11(12), 3387-3391

Vehicle conversion by retrofitting requires technical know-how and precise engineering [51].
International Journal of Engineering Research And, V9(07), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.17577/ijertv9is070654 [5] Imran Khan, M. (2017).
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 148(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/148/1/012060 [12] Markets and Markets 2021, CNG &LPG Vehicle Market by Vehicle Body Type (Passenger cars, Three-wheelers & Commercial Vehicles) Fuel type (CNG &LPG), By Kit type (Venturi & Sequential), By Fitting (OE&Aftermarket, by Engine System Type and by Region- Global Forecast to 2026 https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/cng-lpg-vehicle-market- 264307618.html [13] Ackah, I., Narkie, T.
Reducing vehicle weight and improving U.S. energy efficiency using integrated computational materials engineering.
International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology an Assessment of Tail-Pipe Emissions from Petrol and LPG Fuelled Vehicles in Ghana *. 3(5)