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Chan [2]et al. further extended this idea and developed two key predistribution techniques: q-composite key predistribution and random pairwise keys scheme.
Zhu et al [5] proposed LEAP program to establish four types of communication key.
When the sense node exits the cluster because of energy depletion, physical damage, being captured et al, assume that the station can detect the occurrence of this event through the information returned by cluster node, the station will delete the ID of this exiting node, recompute X, and send X to each node to renew the shared key in the cluster.
Assume the energy consumption of send and receive one message is eS and eR separately, the energy consumption of key looking is eL, the energy consumption of symmetric encryption or decryption is eSym, the energy consumption of Polynomial arithmetic is ef(x,y), the energy consumption of modular arithmetic and XOR arithmetic is emod and exor separately, table 3.1 compares the energy consumption of common sense node and cluster node in this scheme with the one in E-G program.

Thermal and optical properties of Nd3+ ions in K-Ca-Al fluorophosphate glasses.
[6] El-Maaref, A.
Sarumaha et al., “Effect of Gd2O3 in Li2O–AlF3–CaF2–P2O5–Eu2O3 glasses for laser medium and X-rays detection material applications,” Radiat.
Kesavulu et al., “Spectroscopic investigations of Nd3+doped gadolinium calcium silica borate glasses for the NIR emission at 1059 nm,” J.

Mohamad et al
El-Nemr, E.
El-Safty, and B.
Al-Rifaie, and M.
Al Mamun, W.

Major elements ( K,Ca,Na,Mg,P) and functional elements (Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Se,Cr) were abundant in Cyanophyta (blue) and Phaeophyta (brown) species, these two species, however, accumulated Al selectively.
Aluminum (Al) was considered as a low toxicity nonessential trace element for healthy human beings.
Moreno, et al: Sustainable Agriculture Vol.2 (2011), p. 111-128
[9]Matjaz Vrtovec, Alenka Briski, Gaj Vidmar et al: Is plasma chromium concentration a predictor for favourable effect of chromium supplementation?
[11]Anna-Lena Lindberg, Shams El Arifeen, Mahfuzar Rahman, et al: Mixed exposure to nephrotoxic metals in a Bangladeshi population with prevalent malnourishment and risks for kidney effects[C]//Abstracts for a conference on trace elements in diet, nutrition, and health: essentiality and toxicity.

Negi et al. ( 2018) studied the impact of different buffer layers on the performance.
Finally, LiF and Al layers are deposited over all the sets to complete OLED fabrication.
The J–V–L characteristics of fabricated OLEDs for the following standard configurations are considered Device1: FTO/TPD/ALQ3/LiF/Al Device 2: FTO/Pentacene/TPD/ALQ3/LiF/Al (without iodine and annealing treatment) Device 3: FTO/Pentacene+iodine vapor/TPD/ALQ3/LiF/Al (without annealing) Device 4: FTO/Pentacene+iodine vapor /TPD/ALQ3/LiF/Al (annealing treatment) Device 5: ITO/TPD/ALQ3/LiF/Al (reference sample) Figure 1(b) represents the energy level alignment of the successive layers of the OLED device.
This result has a similar trend to T.W.Kim et al [38].
After studying the EL graph it is clear that all the OLED devices are green light-emitting devices which confirms that light coming from the Alq3 region.

El Ghorba1,e 1University of Hassan II, National Superior School of Electricity and Mechanics Casablanca (ENSEM), LCCMMS, Morocco 2Higher Institute of Maritime Studies ISEM, Casablanca, Morocco aabdenaji14@gmail.com, bmouhib.nadia@gmail.com, cmajidfatima9@gmail.com, dhicham4elkihal@gmail.com, emedelghorba2@gmail.com * abderrazak En-naji Keywords: Damage, energy, Mechanical behavior, Polymer, Reliability, sudden rupture.
Bui Quoc and al [8] establish a relationship between damage and the loading level.

Also, Ismail et al. [13] applied a variety of ultrasonic and stirrer times for dispersing Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid nanofluid.
In another research, Ramadhan et al. [14] investigated the stability of a tri-hybrid nanofluid, i.e.
Ramadhan et al. [14] has justified that the gravity is the main cause of sedimentation.
Al-Oran, F.
El Daidamony, Stability and electrical conductivity of water-base Al2O3 nanofluids for different applications, HBRC J., 12(3) (2016) 227–234

Non-metallic reinforcements can be injected into an aluminium alloy to provide advantages over base metal (Al) alloys.
[18] investigated Al7075-TiB2 in-situ composites made using commercially available Al-10% Ti and Al-31% Br master alloys using the stir casting technique.
Al (1 1 1), Al (2 0 0), Al (2 2 0), Al (3 1 1), Al (2 2 2), Al (3 1 1), Al (2 2 2), and C (0 0 5), C (1 0 1), and C (1 1 0), whereas Si is present in the form of Si (1 1 0). (0 0 1).
Bleiwas, E.L.
Olubambi, Study of microstructural and mechanical properties of stir cast Al (SiC-Mg-TiFe) composite, Fluid Dynam.

The refractive index as a function of wavelength can be determined from the reflection coefficient data R and the extinction coefficient K using equation: n=4R1-R2-k212-R+1R-1 (2) The absorption edge for direct and indirect transitions can be obtained in view of the models proposed by Tauc et al [7]: αhv=Co(hv-Egopt)m (3) where Co is a constant related to the properties of the valance and conduction bands [8], hv is the photon energy, α is the absorption coefficient, Egopt is the optical energy band gap of the material, and m=1/2, 3/2, 2,or 3 for direct allowed, direct forbidden, indirect allowed and indirect forbidden transitions respectively [9].
El-Khodary, A.H.

Chou: On temperatures and tool wear in machining hypereutectic Al-Si alloys with vortex cooling tubes.
El Baradie: Cutting fluids: Part I: Characterisation.