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Isolation of Zingiberene from Ginger Essential Oil by two-step intermittent Silica Gel Column Chromatography Yan Wang 1, a, Ailing Du1,b, Aiqin Du 1,c 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China awangyan121314@126.com, bduailing56@163.com, cduaiqin66@163.com Key words: sesquiterpene hydrocarbon; zingiberene; ginger essential oil; silica gel column chromatography; isolation Abstract: Zingiberene, one of the five major sesquiterpene hydrocarbon which are rich in ginger essential oil, is a natural antioxidant and serves as antiviral and antifertility agent.
Recently there had been a growing interest in employing silica gel to separate bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese herbs because of their unique adsorption properties including ideal exiguous structure and polar surface, low operation expense, less solvent consumption and easy regeneration.
a: Ginger oil b: sample of fraction 1 c: sample of fraction 2 d: sample of fraction 3 Considering the structure and property of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in ginger oil, hexane-ethyl ether (97:3,v/v) is preferred as its good solubility of almost all the hydrocarbons.
Taking account of the special structure of the silica gel, we can found that when the column saturated with ginger oil was eluted by hexane-ethyl ether solution, the monoterpene hydrocarbons (phellandrene, et.al.) part which with weak polarity would be eluted firstly, then the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (-)-zingiberene and β-Sesquiphellandrene were eluted while the polar part could not be easily eluted.
The chemistry of the essential oil and oleoresin of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).

Effect of Microcellulose on Wettability of Reservoir Rock Surface Model Mia Ledyastutia*, Galuh Sukmaranib Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa no. 10 Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia amia@chem.itb.ac.id, bgaluhsukma49@gmail.com Keywords: microcellulose, reservoir rock surface, wettability, contact angle Abstract.
Three kinds of cellulose have similar pattern, it shows they have same structure.
Based on this surface structure, the wettability of bentonite is water wet.
The Surface chemistry of amorphous silica.
Determination of the Structure of Cellulose II, Macromolecules, 9 (1976) 273-278

pH-controlled Drug Release from Mesoporous Silica Spheres with Switchable Gates Qiang Gao1,2, *, Zongwei Chen1,2, Jun Xu1,2, Yao Xu3 1 Faculty of Material Science & Chemistry Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P.
China. 3 State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.
The structure directing agent and the silica source were hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), respectively.
As above mentioned, MSS with an ideal sphere structure should be beneficial for the uniform distribution of multiamine chains around pore outlets.
An obvious peak (100) can be observed for the two samples, indicating their ordered mesoporous structures [8].

The trend to adopt clean and renewable energy is increasing around the world and requires innovative research of the chemistry and physics of materials.
With progress of knowledge of electrode materials, it has been found that their surface structures are of great importance to the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries.
Carbon coating can effectively increase the electrode conductivity, improve the surface chemistry of the active material, and protect the electrode from direct contact with electrolyte, leading to enhanced cycle life of the batteries.
Due to their analogous structure to graphite, MoS2 and WS2 can also be exfoliated to single or a few layers by chemical or physical methods.
The significant improvements in the electrochemical properties of the graphene-like MoS2/C composites could be attributed to the graphene-like structure of the MoS2 nanosheets and the synergistic effects of graphene-like MoS2 and amorphous carbon.

After photolithography process, the microchannel structure with 100 µm width and 100 µm depth on Si wafer was formed by anisotropic dry etching technology called inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etcher (ICP-RIE) with advanced silicon etch (ASE) technique.
Finally, the PDMS film with microcannel structure (Fig. 2(b)) was manually peeled off the Si-based mold.
Fig.1 Schematic of fabrication procedures for microfluidic device (b) (a) Fig.2 (a) A photograph of the Si-based mold, and (b) a photograph of PDMS film with microcannel structure Pulsed UV laser writing system.
Danial, Fabrication of topologically complex three-dimensional microfluidic systems, Analytical Chemistry 72 (2000) 3158-3164
Whitesides, Rapid protyping of microfluidic systems in poly (dimethylsiloxane), Analytical Chemistry 70 (1998) 4974-4984

The crystalline structures of the natural dolomite and CaO/Natural Dolomite catalyst are indicated intensively in several peaks.
A high crystallinity of CaO–MgO structure was exhibited with the high intensities of the diffraction patterns both on the Natural Dolomite and CaO/Natural Dolomite catalyst.
The Natural Dolomite has a mesoporous structure with surface area of 19.32 m2/g and average pore diameter of 15.6 nm, respectively.
Sulaiman, The effects of catalysts in biodiesel production: A review, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 19 (2013) 14-26
Pecchi, Sol–gel La2O3–ZrO2 mixed oxide catalysts for biodiesel production, Journal of Energy Chemistry, 27 (2018) 565-572

Synthesis of the Novel Thienopyrimidine-based S-Glycoside Analogues via Nucleophilic Addition/Cyclization/Glycosylation Reactions Qiuhong Dai1, a, Kun Zou1,b, Mingguo Liu1,c,*, Lin Luo2,b, Nianyu Huang1,e,* 1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China 2 The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China a523768478@qq.com, bkzou@ctgu.edu.cn, cmgliu0427@yahoo.com.cn, d820027@qq.com, ehny115@126.com Keywords: Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-one, isothiocyanates, S-glycoside analogues, synthesis Abstract.
Considering our interest in the chemistry of carbohydrate derivatives, it motivates us to expand the scope of our previous work [11] to synthesize a small libraries of thienopyrimidine-based S-Glycoside analogues through the nucleophilic addition/cyclization/glycosylation reactions starting from glucopyranosyl, alkyl or aryl isothiocyanates and amino esters.
The synthetic routes of the thienopyrimidine-based S-glycoside analogues. 2.2 Structure elucidation The structures of all new compounds were confirmed by NMR, MS, IR and elemental analysis.
What’s more, the special and complex chemical shifts of the new compounds were confirmed by related spectrum analysis and contrast of the compounds with similar structure.

., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria 2) Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.
The changes in interface chemistry of the structure after annealing and the mechanism of metal/SiC interface reactions have been determined in order to explain the contact stability observed.
The transmission-line model (TLM) test structures for resistivity measurement were obtained by a lift-off process on the mesa-etched areas.
The contact layer of the annealed structure consists of Au and Ti with binding energies of 84.7 eV and 454.5 eV, respectively.

Comparative static blu-ray recording properties for three metal(II) complexes in spin-coated films Zhimin Chen1,2,a, Yiqun Wu1,2,b, Chunying He1, Bin Wang1, Donghong Gu2 and Fuxi Gan2 1Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150080, PR China 2Key Laboratory of Material Science and Technology for High Power Lasers, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China azmchen@hlju.edu.cn, byqwu@siom.ac.cn Keywords: Optical recording materials; Metal(II) complexes; Spin-coated films; Blu-ray disc-recordable.
For blu-ray recordable discs (BD-R), the structure consists of polycarbonate (PC) substrate, metal reflective layer, recording layer, cover layer and protective layer, etc, while the material using in recording layer is the bottleneck in recordable optical storage.
Due to their controllable molecular structures, low-cost, abundant supply and good sensitivity, spin-coated organic recording materials can possibly replace the more complex phase change or inorganic alloy materials and have long attracted scientists’ attention [3-5].
We designed a simple multilayered disc structure of a K9 glass substrate/Ag (100 nm)/metal(II) complexes (100 nm)/Air for static blu-ray recording performance test and the readout durability test.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51002046), the National High Technology Development Program of China (2007AA03Z412), the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB935402), the Research Fund of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department (11541274) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Heilongjiang University).

Advances in chemistry series number 208.
Advances in chemistry series number 233.
The structures of the materials are given in Scheme 1.
Scheme 1 Chemical structures of TP-PI(BPADA/ODA) and TS-PI(BPADA/APA) Film preparation The polyamide acid (PAA) was cast onto a glass plate, and then dried at 60 oC for 2 h, 80 oC for 2 h, 100 oC for 1 h, 150 oC for 1 h, in oven.
For the 10 wt % and 15% TP-PI blend [Fig. 4(B), (C)], the spherical TS-PI domains disperse in the matrix, thermosetting resins appear as dispersed phase and the phase region is large, TP-PI Show as the continuous phase; The SEM micrograph of the blend containing 20 wt % TP-PI [Fig. 4(D)] displays morphology of connected globules but with some obvious characteristics of bicontinuous phase structure. add different contents (25 wt %, 30 wt %, TP-PI) [Fig. 4(E), (F)] of toughening have been shown the form of phase inversion.