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The incident illumination gets absorbed in the present hybrid cell structure [67-69].
Fig. 14, Variation of η and FF with IL for n-MoSe2 / p-PANI hybrid cell structure.
Mir, J. of Electroanytical chemistry. 412 (1-2) (1996) 79
Cherpak, Physics and Chemistry of solid state 6(2005) 96
[67] Yiya Peng, Zhaoyu Meng, Chang Zhong, Jun Lu, Weichao Yu, YunBo Jia and Yitai Qian, Chemistry Letters, 30 (2001) 772

The physical phase and pore structure of the synthesized powder materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption–desorption.
In fact, NZP family compounds may become a new type of catalysis materials due to its special crystal structure and flexible chemical composition, but the physical properties such as pore structure of NZP compound used as advanced ceramic powder is very different from that properties of catalyst materials which must have developed pore structure rather than dense materials with perfect crystalline-type.
The results indicated the porous materials with NZP structure can be prepared by sol-gel and mechanochemical method with PEO as template.
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defined four different types of mesopore shape according to the adsorption-desorption hysteres loops in mesoporous materials [4].
(3) In MA method, the timing when PEO was added in is a key factor to form mesoporous structure.

Although the crystallization of inorganic compound films deposited at low temperature is not good, and the porous structure is easy to be formed, the design of the three-layer composite structure has good water vapor barrier property.
Schematic diagram of organic/inorganic composite barrier structure [41].
Atomic layer deposition chemistry: recent developments and future challenges.
Surface chemistry of atomic layer deposition: A case study for the trimethylaluminum/water process.
Progress and future directions for atomic layer deposition and ALD-based chemistry.

The size-dependent electronic structures of metal clusters Cun (n=2-20) have been calculated using density functional theory method.
We have also tested the geometric structures for n=2-10 to find the lower-energy clusters, the results are well consistent with that reported in Ref. [12].
For the initial geometry structure of clusters, the lowest-energy structures of clusters Cun (n=2-10) reported in Ref.[12] and that of Agn (n=11-20) reported in Ref.[13] are adopted.
Therefore, The clusters with size about n>10 are of metal characters and the electronic structures may be of a relatively steady properities.
Vol. 64 (2001), p. 0403244 [14] Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF2003), SCM, Theoretical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan Amsterdam, Netherlands (www.scm.com)

Damage Tolerance Capability of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy(2139) Alex Cho 1,a and Bernard Bes 2,b 1 Alcan Rolled Products, Ravenswood, WV, USA 2 Alcan Aerospace, CRV, Voreppe, France E mail address: 1,a alex.cho@alcan.com, 2.b bernard.bes@alcan.com, Keywords: Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys, Damage Tolerance, Ω-phase, 2139, aircraft structures Abstract.
The superior damage tolerance capability of Alloy 2139 is demonstrated by comparing it to other high performance alloys used for DT critical applications Introduction High Strength Al-Cu-Mg based alloys have been used for aerospace structures for many decades in T3xx, T6xx and T8xx type temper conditions.
Chemistry of two ingots for Zr vs Mn comparison Si Fe Cu Mg Ag Mn Zr Ti Alloy A (Mn) 0.03 0.04 4.90 0.46 0.38 0.32 0.002 0.09 Alloy B (Zr) 0.03 0.06 4.81 0.45 0.39 0.01 0.14 0.02 These ingots were homogenized at 521°C for 24 hours and divided into two sections.
Chemistry of two ingots for Mn vs Mn+Zr comparsion Si Fe Cu Mg Ag Mn Zr Ti Alloy S (Mn) <0.06 0.06 4.95 0.45 0.34 0.26 0.001 0.05 Alloy P (Mn+Zr) <0.06 0.06 4.93 0.43 0.34 0.20 0.09 0.02 .

Electronic structure calculations suggest that the exchange splitting is controlled by Co content.
Electronic structure calculations show that the crystal field splitting is controlled by the second content.
To understand the effects of Co doping on LiNi1-xCoxO2 electronic structure, ab initio studies was carried on LiNi1-xCoxO2 electronic structure in this study.
The electronic structure results reveal Ni3+ was in low spin (t2g6eg1) and Co3+ was in low spin (t2g6).
Due to Co doping in LiNiO2, the reciprocal acting force of Li and the whole structure is changed.

Rietveld structure refinements of powder XRD patterns confirm that LaCo2Ge2 compound crystallizes with a body-centered tetragonal structure of ThCr2Si2-type (space group I4/mmm) with the unit lattice parameters a=4.105(6) Å and c=10.264(7) Å.
The X-ray diffraction spectrums accompanied by Rietveld structure refinement results for LaCo2Ge2 are illustrated in Fig 1.
It is shown that the crystal structure of LaCo2Ge2 is a tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure with a space group of I4/mmm, and the lattice parameters are a=4.105 (6) Å, c=10.264(7) Å and V=173.02 Å3, which agree very well with those of TREOR.
Leceijewicz, Handbook of crystal structures and magnetic properties of rareearth intermetallics: CRC press, 1994
Zheng, Making and breaking bonds in the solid state: the thorium chromium silicide (ThCr2Si2) structure, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol. 89, pp. 4175-4181, 1985

Design and Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis of a Micro-channel as Fluid Sensor VANDANA SHARMA1, SHIMI S.
In the context of a coupled FSI problem, u1 and u2 represent the fluid and structure unknowns, respectively.
The model is designed to couple the fluid and the structure.
The model was designed using fluid-structure interaction domain solver.
Urbana, Simulation and fabrication of a 2D-flow sensor for simultaneous fluid characterization, Procedia Chemistry, 1 (2009) 887-890

Fabrication of Supramolecular Structured Hydrogels Based on Diels-Alder Click Reaction Hong-Liang Weia, Ya-Li Feng b, Hui-Juan Chuc, Kai Yaod School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China awtroy68@yahoo.com.cn; bsunalsrise@163.com; cchuhjmail@yahoo.com.cn d youjihuaxuexiti@163.com Keywords: hydrogels; Diels-Alder reaction; self-assembly; cyclodextrins Abstract.
The supramolecular structured hydrogels were prepared by Diels-Alder reaction in water.
Introduction Recently, more and more attention has been given to the supramolecular structured hydrogels(SSH) containing cyclodextrin (CD)-based polyrotaxanes and polypseudorotaxanes due to their unique properties, structure and applications [1].
As shown in Figure 2 (Left),the supramolecular structured polypseudorotaxanes performs a two-step thermal degradation process.
Thus, it can be deduced that there still exists the channel-type crystalline structure in the hydrogels.

Surface chemistry, charge, and roughness, as well as biocompatibility and stiffness, are all key features to consider while developing biomaterials [20].
Surface chemistry, charge, roughness, and biocompatibility and stiffness are all key features to consider while developing biomaterials [20].
Surface degradation keeps the core structure intact, but substantial degradation destroys the internal structure.
A porous 3D structure suited for bone regeneration can be created using the porous structure.
Hydrogel chemistry and crosslinking are critical for ensuring the construction shape maintenance of hydrogels without compromising cell function or cytocompatibility [61].