Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 195-196

Abstract: Classify the electrocardiogram (ECG) into different pathophysiological categories is a complex pattern recognition task which has been tried in lots of methods. This paper will discuss a method of principal component analysis (PCA) in exacting the heartbeat features, and a new method of classification that is to calculate the error between the testing heartbeat and reconstructed heartbeat. Training and testing heartbeat is taken from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, in which 8 types of arrhythmia signals are selected in this paper. The true positive rate (TPR) is 83%.

Abstract: In order to develop an efficient site-directed mutagenesis method in vivo, the tests were tested by the following methods. The methods that the fragment knockouted ompR gene was constructed through overlapping PCR, digested by Notand Sal, ligated to plasmid pKOV were applied. The recombination plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli WMC-001 strain, integrated into the genomic DNA through two step homologous recombination. The Escherichia coli WMC-001/ompR-mutant was obtained due to gene replacement. The fragment of the mutant ompR gene was amplified through overlapping PCR, cloned into pKOV vector. The recombinant plasmid was introduced into Escherichia coli WMC-001/ompR-mutant. The Escherichia coli WMC-001/ompR mutant was also obtained due to gene replacement. Results: The site-directed mutagenesis has been successfully constructed in the ompR gene by sequencing. Conclusion: The method is effective for construction of gene site-directed mutagenesis in vivo.

Abstract: Ferulyl oleins were synthesized from ethyl ferulate and triolein with Lipopan lipase. The influences of reaction parameters, such as reaction system and water activity were evaluated. Among the tested lipases in different reaction system, Lipopan S BG appeared to be the most appropriate resulting in a overall yield of ferulyl oleins 28.31% within 120h in toluene system, whereas trans esterification degree with other lipases did not exceed 20% in any condition. Similarly, the Lipopan lipase expressed the highest transesterification yield at a_w = 0.33. The inhibition of nitrosamine by ferulyl oleins in vitro experiments were performed. The results showed that ferulyl oleins had a greater ability to inhibit the N-nitrosodimethylamine formation than ferulic acid and ethyl ferulate did. Ferulyl oleins showed an inhibition rate as high as 76.9%. In the case of nitrite, the extent of the inhibition by ferulyl oleins was slightly lower than EF. They all exhibited the highest inhibition rate at the concentration of 1.5mg/mL. The results suggest that ferulyl oleins can inhibite nitrosamine formation efficiently.

Abstract: The previous research revealed some functional coupling among nodes in model of motor control in human brain, which described nondirectional synchronous actions among these nodes during movement-readiness state. However, causal relationships among these nodes were still lack, which represented some directional interactions among these nodes in movement-readiness state. In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and conditional Granger causality (CGC) method to investigate the interactions in model of motor control in movement-readiness state. Our result showed that upper precuneus and cingulate motor area revealed net causal influences with contralateral supplementary motor areas and contralateral caudate nucleus during the left hands movement-readiness state. Moreover, the results of Out-In degrees indicated that bilateral primary sensorimotor areas revealed competitive relationship during left hands movement-readiness.

Abstract: The aim of this research is using different dose of UVB radiation to study the influence on dermal fibroblasts. These studies include cell viability analysis, proliferation rate and Youngs modulus measurement using Atomic force microscope (AFM). Results have exhibited that the cell viability was 100%, 89.46%, 73.76% and 70.75% when the exposed dose of UVB radiation on dermal fibroblasts was 0, 540, 1080 and 2160mJ/cm². After 24 hours of incubation, dermal fibroblasts without exposure to UVB radiation increased cell growth to 183.5% but cells exposed to UVB radiation between 216 and 2160 mJ/cm² reduced cell growth rate to 131% and 47.7%. Moreover, the Youngs modulus of dermal fibroblasts measured by AFM ranged from 24.12 to 9.40 kPa depending on the UVB exposed dose (0-2160 mJ/cm²). Therefore, UVB radiation showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on cell viability, proliferation rate and Youngs modulus.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the differentially expressed genes expressed genes in obese mice that treated with chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) for getting better understanding of the molecular characteristics in the obese mice caused by CIH. Methods: Got the microarray hybridization data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Identified the differentially expressed genes expressed genes in CIH obese mice and the patterns of their regulation using public bioinformatics software and database, such as BRB-Arraytools, Genecodis and DAVID, KEGG. Results and Conclusion: We found the Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) pathway involved in the down-regulated genes. These data mining findings between room air and CIH mice by bioinformatics methods could provide better understanding of the molecular activity change in obese caused by CIH.

Abstract: PSO has slow convergence speed and low precision. In this paper, we combine Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and levy flight for the task of predicting protein folding based on the 3D off-lattice model. We introduce levy flight into PSO to improve the precision and enhance the capability of jumping out of the local optima through particle mutation mechanism.Experiments show that the proposed method outperforms other algorithms on the accuracy of calculating the protein sequence energy value, which is turned to be an effective way to analyze protein structure.

Abstract: In this paper, the vacuum freeze-drying experiments of both antler slices and whole antlers are reported in details. The moisture content and the eutectic temperature of antler were measured. A 22 h process curve of antler slice freeze drying was obtained. The freeze drying process of whole antler was also investigated. The microscopic tissue structure was observed and chemical compositions were analyzed for those freeze-dried whole antlers in comparison with the traditional water boiling and hot air drying method. More nutrients were retained for freeze drying in addition to the better physical properties than traditional drying.

Abstract: Fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia are key factors which result in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). There is growing evidence that tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may be involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in the central nervous system. In this study, the transmission electron microscope was used to observe the growth and development characteristics of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), follow by the activity of TPA and the expression of MMPs in HIE model were detected. The asphyxia in female mice within the last day of gestation was produced by a delayed cesarean section. The experiment was designed for 1 control group and 2 asphyctic groups (15min and 30min), then the activities of TPA and expression of MMPs were detected separately. The results showed that the BBB was not fully developed in newborns, their brain microvascular endothelial cells were not surrounded with intact basement membrane and only had discontinuous basement membrane-like materials of varying thickness. The activity of TPA and the expression of MMPs of brain increased after hypoxia-ischemia in vivo. Based on these findings we concluded that the basement membrane at the BBB was a weak link in the brain, TPA and MMPs could degrade components of the ECM. So these enzymes increased after hypoxia-ischemia might be able to attack the basement membrane of microvessels, then open the BBB and induce the cerebral edema.

Abstract: Construction of Eukaryotic recombinant expression Vector pCI-ORF5-ORF6/ pCI-ORF5-ORF6B-Hsp70 Containing Hsp70 and PRRSV GP5/M (encoded by ORF5 and ORF6 genes), and to study its immune effect. After ifentified by enzyme analysis and nucleotide sequencing test,the repression vector plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells. The transient expression protein was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western-blotting. The immunogenicities of this DNA vaccine constructs were firstly investigated in a mouse moder. IFN-γ, IL-4 of cytokine, and the spleen T-lymphocyte subgroup quantity (CD4+/CD8+) were detected. The result shows that the recombinant plasmid pCI-ORF5-ORF6-Hsp70 could induce higher response of cellular immune responses and specific hummune responses in mouse, providing the clinical basic data and theoretical basis for success of the DNA vaccine development.