Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 260-261

Abstract: In this paper, the working principle of fluorescent lamps and the necessity to inject mercury into fluorescent tubes have been analyzed. At the same time, the influence of mercury pollution on the environment and humans has also been discussed. It is proposed that it is necessary to establish and improve the construction of recycling system as well as design the sealing frame to completely surround and seal up the broken and the sorting system so as to prevent the escape of mercury vapor. Afterwards, the hot air is leaded into so as to make mercury evaporate and then a mercury collector is used to collect them.

Abstract: A biogas production development increases renewable energy and reduces the environmental impact which is caused by carbon dioxide. Thisis important for energy and environmental planning in Thailand. The biogas production by anaerobic digestionproduces methane that can be used as renewable energy. This research was to study biogas production from the anaerobic digestion of shrimp pond sediment by the batch reaction, an estimation of the mathematical model using theArtificial Intelligence (AI) technique and the treatment of shrimp pond sediment.The mass balance principle to create mathematical modeling and decompositions of organic matter into biogas were used to compare the experimental dataincluding, temperature, pH, biogas flow rate and biochemical properties of the shrimp pond sediment. From the results, mathematical models can estimate the dynamic response of the biogas flow rate and factors that affectedthe biogas productions. The treatment of shrimp pond sediment by anaerobic digestion process could reduce TS, TDS, TSS, TVS, BOD, COD and ECby81-89%, 52-60%, 95-99%, 80-89%, 86-95% , 85-95% and 12-22 % respectively.

Abstract: 1, 4-dithiothreitol (DTT) combined with nanogold (AuNP) to form the DTT-AuNP probe in the solution of 1.0 mmol/L H₂SO₄. In the presence of Fe³⁺, the DTT-AuNPs aggregated to big particles that exhibited a maximum Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 770 nm. Under the chosen conditions, the increased intensity was linear to Fe³⁺ concentration in the range of 7.3-149.5µg/L, with the regression equation of ΔI770nm = 127.5C +11.2, the correlation coefficient of 0.9954 and the detection limit of 3.75 ug/L Fe³⁺. The proposed method was applied to detect trace Fe³⁺ in water samples, with satisfactory results.

Abstract: In the paper, an approach for introducing a photoacid generator (PAG) into Langmuir- Blodgett (LB) films to draw photopatterns is described. The chemically amplified positive-tone resist system used here consisted of two components: a copolymer, poly(iso-pentylmethacrylamide- co-4-t-butyloxylvinylphenylcarbonate) [poly(iPMA-t-BVPC39)] and a photoacid generator (PAG), tri(2,3-dibrompropyl)iso-cyanvrate (TDBPIC). In the two-component system, the acid generated by the photoacid generator (PAG) catalyzes the deprotection reaction of poly(iPMA-t-BVPC39) to re- move the tert-butoxycarbonyl group (t-BOC) in the exposed region during the post exposure baking process, thus rendering the exposure region soluble to alkali aqueous to form a positive tone. Phhot- olithographic properties of the LB films have been evaluated. The patterns can be resolved with a resolution of 1 μm line width by UV irradiation,followed by development with an alkali solution. Quantum yield is determined to be 0.065 and catalytic chain length is also calculated to be 2460. The LB films used above can be used to generate etched gold patterns on a glass substrate using an aqueous iodide, ammonium iodide in alcohol /water，as the etchant. The etch resistance of such LB films is sufficiently good, allowing patterning of a gold film suitable for photomask fabrication.

Abstract: The Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) technology, a state-of-the-art wastewater treatment process that combines an activated sludge process and membrane filtration, has received worldwide recognition in the past decade. The growing applications of MBR in wastewater treatment processes are attributed to its small space requirement, less sludge generated, automatic operation and excellent improvement on effluent quality for subsequent reclamation and recycling. This paper outlines diverse applications of the MBR technology on industrial wastewater treatment and reclamation for. Meanwhile, remarkable projects in Taiwan from the first submerged MBR installed in 1999 until now are reported. By combining with Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP’s), the effluent quality is not only able to provide for cooling tower make-up but also able to meet a more stringent standards for city water replacement in the manufacturing process. MBR system played a significant role during various industrial development and provided a robust and effective solution for a limiting water resource area such as Taiwan capable of sustainable development. Such practical experience can be served as an important reference for further applying the MBR technology in the industry around the world.

Abstract: Healthy city is the target of city development, this paper firstly analyzes the construction of healthy city environment factors and their impact on the health of residents, and then explore the causes of constraints these environmental element constructions.Based on this analysis, it proposed the construction of healthy city should change the mode of economic development, increase the city green space construction, improve residents' health consciousness and strengthen the environmental legislation, the reasonable layout of city public space and function, providing a good living environment to residents.

Abstract: As new approaches to comprehensively utilize urban-rural wastes, waste resources and straws of wheat, maize, cotton, rice, rape and etc. (as principal raw material) were used to prepare environment-friendly products(soil amendment fertilizer) for water-saving agriculture (the processing techniques were established).In this paper, the cotton growth and yield were studied under the application of water-saving products(soil amendment fertilizer). Results show: for all prescriptions, under the application amount of 750kg/hm2 (equivalent to regular fertilization and investment), the fresh and dry weight in cotton seedling stage increased by 10-20% over control and the prehot seasonal boll increased by 2.0-2.54/plant compared with control respectively; the yield under all prescriptions increased over control with an increasing range of 4.70-14.25%; the quarterly irrigation can be decreased by 1-2 times(saving irrigation amount of 600-1200m3 /hm2).The above results show that soil amendment fertilizer can not only conserve moisture, but also increase soil fertility, promote cotton seedling growth and increase dry matter accumulation.

Abstract: Based on the statistical analysis and on-site interviews, this paper combines to assess the effects of industrial location, industry mix, industry ownership, and environmental policies on urban pollution levels in Beijing, China. A regression model relates these variables to an index of overall environmental quality for Beijing city. Shift-share analysis is used to determine the direction of recent sectoral shifts, and interviews and anecdotal evidence provide a broader context for our conclusions. We found that industry type, ownership and size significantly affect urban pollution levels. We conclude that although local enforcement of environmental regulations in Beijing has been effective, at the national level it is still inadequate. Finally, we recommend that policies calling for a reduction in the role state-owned and certain small-scale industries be incorporated into the larger economic goals of the central government.

Abstract: The formaldehyde emission from particleboard using different method was investigated in this study. It was found that there is a good correlation between different air exchange rates as they relate to the same product-loading ratio in the large chamber. There was also an indication of a generic correlation between the large chamber and the two-hour desiccator test with a single product designated loading ratio, air exchange rate, and climatic conditions.

Abstract: Based on the features of vanadium extracting waste in PanGang, technology ideas are proposed as following: vanadium extracting waste ash is used as coolant in converter, vanadium extracting and vanadium extracting residue is used as slagging material in steelmaking. Influence of slagging material on oxidability of molten steel in converter is analyzed, such as iron and steel consumption, effect of dephosphorization, influence of coolant on semisteel quality after extracting vanadium, and quality of vanadium slag. New way to utilize the waste is developed. Recycling the vanadium extracting waste in PanGang, mitigate the environmental pressure.