Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 353-356

Abstract: The Cup-type transmission tower-line system was a classic representative of high voltage electric power carrier, which was an important lifeline project. However, it frequently collapsed under different environmental loadings, especially strong wind. In this work, four tower five line finite element models simulated wind-induced progressive collapse process by birth-to-death element technique in ABAQUS/Explicit. The numerical simulation results demonstrated that this application could describe the structural collapse performance clearly and effectively and transmission tower-line system collapse path depended on the number, position and last deformation of damage elements.

Abstract: Wenchuan earthquake caused huge losses in rural areas. The subject briefly introduced the earthquake damage characteristics of masonry structures, analyzed the earthquake damage reasons. The main purpose is to propose some measures to improve the seismic capacity of rural buildings in Beijing area. Through two seismic fortification measures, can effectively enhance the integrity of the masonry structure, reduce the seismic response, effectively improve the seismic capacity of the structure.

Abstract: Rockfall is one kind of important geohazard. Due to its complexity of trajectory, it is difficult for treatment designing in slope engineering. This paper employs a methodology for estimating rockfall trajectory using a series of established formulas, and then discusses the advantage and also disadvantage of existing controlling measures for rockfall mitigation. Based on site survey, calculation results and site geologic conditions, various protective structures such as retaining walls, safety net system and vegetation or plants, are suggested to mitigate and control the rockfall hazards comprehensively, which illustrates great advantages in technology, economics and environmental protection in a case study of rockfall hazard treatment. The idea and methodology presented herein is referential for similar slope problems.

Abstract: Planning of city earthquake refuge is one of the important measures for earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation. The coastal area is due to the seaside, compared to inland, will be affected by the earthquake and tsunami threats, in place of refuge in the design, not only from the earthquake perspective, but also from the design point of view the tsunami. This article through to the world many tsunami caused by the results were compared with the study, summed up the coastal refuge several design features, this article from the refuge to refuge, the elevation design, places of refuge facilities, places of refuge site safety aspects are discussed. This study is based on the coastal city, is on coastal refuge design perfect, to reduce the tsunami disaster influence is of great social significance.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the fire explosion risk of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage tank through methods of model calculation and simulation. A large crude oil reserves library in Tianjin is the main study object in this paper, the fire process for the storage tank pool fire is simulated using the fire simulation software FDS, which produces the development of fire and the change of the radiation intensity in the case of fire. And the damage degree of explosion accident consequences has been calculated quantitatively by the vapor cloud explosion model, which obtains the casualties radius and property damage. Study results provide reference data and theoretical guidance for fire protection design and fire fighting tactics in LPG storage tank area.

Abstract: This paper takes a 50000 m³ liquefied petroleum gas storage tank in a chemical company in Tianjin for an example, and adopts the fire simulation software FDS to make numerical simulation for the whole-area pool fire accident in the liquefied propane gas tank. The variation of flame and the flue gas in the combustion process of pool fire is obtained from the simulation. The simulation results show that flame shape, smoke production rate and thermal radiation intensity is small in the early pool fire, and significantly increases with the development of combustion process, finally maintains in a relatively stable state.

Abstract: This paper takes the epoxy propane tank area in a chemical company in service for an example, and conducts the fire risk assessment and numerical simulation of pool fire in a single tank of this area. Through the analysis of burning flame shape, flue gas velocity of flame center and the variation of thermal radiation intensity, the destructive power of pool fire to surrounding equipment, tanks, buildings is obtained, the degree of damage to workers and rescuers around is determined. The study results are of important clinical significance for the fire fighting and safe evacuation in the epoxy propane tank area.

Abstract: With the deepening of mining, dynamic disasters appear in a large number in the coal mine, and the stress distribution and stress concentration caused by mining act as the important factors that induce the dynamic disasters. The range of overlying strata movement related to the appearing of mine press go beyond the range of traditional plane model, and influence the mining stress field as overlying strata spatial structures. The movement and distribution of overlying strata spatial structures are the theory bases of studying stress condition and dynamic condition of dynamic disaster. According to the characteristics of sediment rock and the movement of strata of overlying multilayer spatial structures in deep coal mine. By using the dynamic stability judgment rules controlled by the top coals recovery ratio, the author worked out the judgment curves of dynamic stability of overlying multilayer spatial structures and explained their application. This paper also analyzes the factors influencing the dynamic stability of overlying multilayer spatial structures. The suggested judgment rule and curve of dynamic stability have been tested by field experiments which achieved safe caving in isolated caving face by adjusting the top coals recovery ratio. The theoretical basis of designing the safe top coals recovery ratio can be provided according to different overlying strata, and the safe overlying strata controlling can be achieved in deep coal mining.

Abstract: In recent years, natural disasters occurred more frequently in our country, dangerous housing in rural areas often cause a lot of casualties and property losses. Due to the shortage of national financial, the government decided to focus financial support on the renovation of dilapidated buildings. In order to have a deep understand of the rural structure, distribution law and the proportion of the dilapidated housing, after the survey of the housing situation in Dongying County Dongying City, Jiaxiang County Jining City and Yiyuan County Zibo City, this article made the statistics and analysis of the status of housing in these three counties. The result of analysis and statistics show that the rural housing mainly conclude adobe housing, brick masonry housing and block masonry housing, the proportion of dilapidated houses in rural housing is about 10.9%, the dilapidated buildings are mainly distributed in the mountain, because the mountain areas foundation of economic is weak, and the housing structure is mainly in the form of adobe housing and stone masonry housing. The main types of dilapidated housing are adobe housing and stone masonry housing primarily, the brick masonry housing newly built is in relatively low risk level. The government finances should inclined to transform the dilapidated housing in the mountain area first. In order to improve the quality of new housing in rural areas, this new housing in rural areas will also need to pay attention to the problem made some conclusions.

Abstract: Frost heaving damage of water conservancy project is widespread. In order to research the failure problems of hydraulic soil slope in dark seasonal frozen soil region, remote monitor and manual observation is carried out combined with field test section layout, which including air temperature, earth temperature, frozen depth, the amount of frost heaving and layered water content. It is researched that the rule of frost heave parameters variation and the damage of soil slope during freeze-thaw cycling. That offers theoretical basis and reference for construction of water conservancy project and guidance for engineering practice.