Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 409-410

Abstract: Emergency traffic control is an important approach to improve ability of emergency response in urban area. After analyzing development of its objective evolution, control strategy and simulation model, we pointed out disadvantages of current research, and found out that the control scale is now extending from isolated intersection to the route of emergency rescue traffic, control objectives from travel time to potential safety problems, impact to other traffic, and etc., and about its simulation, traditional simulation software based development and special application oriented multi-agent model are two main methods. Finally, future research should focus on multi-objective active control modeling of emergency traffic with probe data, and key issues in it are quick identification of characteristics and fusing of probe data, and its impact on benefit improvement of traffic control strategy.

Abstract: According to the analysis of distributing characteristics which obtained by the investigation of different types vehicles of many freeways, the law is discovered that distributing characteristics of same types of vehicles are similar on different freeways, using test to certificate that distributions of same types of vehicles are submitted to identical normal distribution, and the rationality of this phenomenon is discussed with statistical point of view. Calculated and predicted method of wheelpath distribution and axle load distribution are established that based on traffic flow. In the end, an example is used to confirm the accuracy of this method by contrasting the survey result and the predicted result.

Abstract: In this work, a parking vehicle detection algorithm using magnetic sensor is proposed. Eighty-two sensor nodes are deployed to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. By running the system for more than one year, we observe the vehicle detection accurate rate is better than 98%.

Abstract: Actuated signals are able to adjust phase intervals in a real-time manner, in response to the traffic conditions obtained from vehicle detectors. These adjustments are implemented through a set of pre-determined controller parameters, including the unit green extension. This paper develops a model based on cell transmission model (CTM) to optimize the unit green extension, explicitly considering the stochastic demand arrivals, which, from a disaggregated view, imposes significant impact on individual vehicle delay and thus influences the overall system performance. The vehicle actuation logic is mathematically formulated as a system of equalities and inequalities. Genetic algorithm is employed to solve the resulted mixed-integer problem and numerical examples are presented to generate optimal unit green extensions under various demand patterns.

Abstract: Studying on the trip generation of residential quarter is the basis of traffic forecasting, traffic design and people-oriented traffic environment. Taking the typical motorization city - Suzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the trip generation of persons and vehicles by collection large number of survey data. It also focuses on discovering some relations between peak hour trips and floor area, with the purpose of providing some illuminating ideas in the sustainable development of the residential quarters in China.

Abstract: The cable is the whole network system foundation and the beginning of LAN installation period. According to statistics, about 50% ~ 70% network faults are caused by cable, so the cable quality and installation quality will affect the network healthily directly. This paper introduced the network cabling project and the common problem and attentions in the construction period. Then the advantages and disadvantages of various transmission mediums were analyzed.

Abstract: Via microscopic traffic flow simulation, based on the theory of traffic capacity and queue delay of vehicles on work zones and relying on the Reconstruction and Widening of Fekai Expressway, the paper gives suggested values of minimum space between adjacent work zones in the same direction under different traffic volumes and traffic compositions for references, during the construction of a two-way-8-lane highway with half road way closed. The result can promote work zone traffic safety.

Abstract: Closed circuit television (CCTV) monitoring system is used to control traffic and facilitates. In this paper the logical structure of the CCTV system is introduced first. Then the system composition is recommended. Finally the main detection items of CCTV channel, system reliability and maintainability analysis are introduced in details.

Abstract: ‘Fatigue-related traffic accidents’ refers to a crash caused by drivers’ falling asleep during driving. Unlike drunk driving or overspeed, driver fatigue is affected by many factors. To identify the contributory factors affecting the occurrence of fatigue-related accidents, a case-control study was conducted. The traffic data used in the study was obtained from Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Public Security Traffic Administrative Bureau Data System. Accidents (N=58131) occurring during the 3-year period 2006/2008 were researched, and the data of fatigue-related accidents was extracted. Potential risk factors such as human, environment and road were examined using stepwise logistic regression method. Drivers’ age and gender, driving year, road pavement type and alignment, terrain, time of the accident and streetlight condition are significant factors impacting the occurrence of fatigue-related accidents. Besides, frontal impact, rear-end collision and bump fixation matter are the most common accident types in all of fatigue-related accidents. Identifying the high risk factors of fatigue-related accidents helps reduce driver fatigue and make available control measures.

Abstract: Based on Nagatanis model, a new lattice hydrodynamic model of traffic flow with a consideration of the next-nearest-neighbor site is proposed. Using nonlinear analysis, we derive the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV, for short) equation near the neutral stability curve to describe the density waves. Numerical simulations are consonant with the analytical results and shows that the consideration of the next-nearest-neighbor interaction helps suppress traffic jam.