Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: Urban abandoned lands play an important role to maintain urban biodiversity. In order to study the characteristics of soil seed bank (SSB) in Houtai Wetland, field survey and laboratory experiment were conducted. After germination test, the results show that the species richness is relatively low, only 12 kinds of species are contained, but the reserves of SSB are abundant. Its density reaches to7.27×10⁵grains/m², maintaining the same level with coastal wetlands. Glycine soja account for the vast majority of proportion, leading to uneven distribution within species.So the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Simpson Index and Pielou Evenness Index are all lower than ground vegetation.The Sorensen Similarity Index is 0.330, its ability to reproduce ground plants is limited. The suggestions are that appropriate manners should be taken to protect native plants and soil seed bank.

Abstract: Reasonably determine the weights of the various classification systems is important.to the rationality and stability of river classification results in the river classification process. In order to fully exploit the sample data information, reasonably determine the various classification index proportion, in order to fully exploit the river sample data changes of extraction index information use fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and projection pursuit method, reasonably determine the various classification index proportion, thus reflects the weight of each index factor, overall, the two methods to get the weight of each index classification combination sure rivers of combination weights. The results showed that determine the combined weight of river classification is objective and reasonable, river classification results accord with people understanding in the long river habit, the result is reasonable.

Abstract: A reservoir model is developed to characterize the functioning of the karst aquifer of the Jinci Spring. It is based on the relationship of the groundwater storage deficit and the groundwater level. The relationship is derived from the monitoring data of the aquifer. The model is verified with the monitoring data (1981-2006) and is used to predict the recovery of the Jinci Spring flow and the groundwater level in the aquifer under three exploitation schemes with the future rainfall data provided by the National Climate Center (NCC). The results show that the Jinci Spring will flow out again before 2050 under Scheme I and II. The Xuan Spring will flow out earlier than the Jinci Spring. However, both of the two springs cannot spout under Scheme III. The model takes account of the artificial recharge, pumping and coal mine drainage, and can simulate the spring discharge, karst groundwater level and the storage deficit accurately at an annual time scale. The model is suitable for macroscopic groundwater management.

Abstract: An effective management of water supply is critically significant to a countrys water utilities, and accurate prediction of water supply and demand is of key importance for water supply management. The objectives of this paper are to use Grey System Model (GSM) and Linear Regression Model to forecast the water demand and water supply respectively in China 2025, and then propose a new Optimal Allocation Model (OAM) to generate solution so that analysts and decision makers can gain insight and understanding. The two predictive models take into account four major factors including domestic development, agriculture, industries and eco-environment, calculating a deficit between water demand and water supply in China 2025. Then the OAM, which considers desalinization, irrigation saving and urban recycling, provides a feasible solution to fill the gap and an effectual management of water supply.

Abstract: To analyze the willingness to cooperate of farmers to participate in water management, we base on game theory and first carry on single static game analysis of willingness to cooperate for farmers to participate in water management, and find that farmers are into a Prisoners Dilemma in a single game, individual rationality comes into conflict with collective rationality, at this time farmers have a tendency to "free riders", so it is difficult to achieve cooperation between the farmers. Then trying to break the prisoners' dilemma, we carry on the farmers repeated dynamic game, the analysis is carried on in the context of incomplete information and limited rationality, we carry on game evolution analysis for willingness to cooperate for farmers to participate in water management. In order to guarantee the rationality of the study, we conduct a survey of willingness to cooperate of farmers to participate in water management in province of Zhejiang and finally confirm that the study is reasonable. And through the analysis of the full text, we conclude six important conclusions.

Abstract: In recent decades, China has done a great deal of effort in promotion of agricultural water-saving irrigation technology, but there are still many problems, especially in the northwest, north and other arid and semi-arid regions. This paper describes the present situation of China's agriculture irrigation, and analyses Obstacles of Chinese agricultural water-saving technology promotion from various perspectives. Some suggestions are given for existing problems.

Abstract: Water price is a better economic lever which may keep suitable water resource development. This study mainly focused on domestic water use and water-saving consciousness from the view of local residents and students through social investigation in Beibei district, Chongqing, and discussed the maximum water price accepted by people through analysis the ratio of monthly water consumption to monthly income, meanwhile, the awareness of saving water was analyzed. The results show that the maximum water price afforded by the residents is 0.56US$/m³.

Abstract: By introducing social network theory to examine water resources management, we propose a connotation in the governance of water resources management, governance and management features content that water resources management is essentially belongs to a network of public resources around the governance model, different from the traditional bureaucratic model water management, but also from the introduction of market mechanisms and the formation of the market model of water management. Organizational analysis is to establish the basis for management analysis framework, under the guidance in this basic understanding, and further studies are needed on the river basin water management network organizational model to analyze, from the organizational characteristics of basin water resources management to start in order to build for Water Resources governance analysis framework. From Taihu Lake Basin Water Resources Management and other activities of the participants and the organization perspective, management of water resources presents a network organization of the state. Theoretical perspective through social networks, we further basin water management network organizational model for analysis.

Abstract: In this paper the variations and distributions of water vapor transportation and precipitation in typical arid region, Tarim River Basin (TRB), were analyzed and the relationship between them was discussed, using daily precipitation data of 26 weather stations in TRB and NCEP/NCAR monthly mean reanalysis data (2.5°×2.5°). The results show that a) the special distribution of precipitation and water vapor flux appear seasonal features, but is not consistent with each other for the multi-joint action of large-scale atmospheric circulation, topography around TRB, and b) the effects of water vapor flux on precipitation are different in sub-regions with different height and slop direction.

Abstract: The drought turns more serious in recent years, and it lacked an appropriate system to assess the regional meteorological drought. The paper took Weihe basin for example, completed the regional meteorological drought assessment by four steps. They were the drought evaluation units division, the drought index selection and calculation based on RDI (reconnaissance drought index), the drought identification and the drought characteristic values analysis based on the correlation coefficient and the copulas connect joint distribution function analysis. It discussed the interrelationship of the regional drought characteristics of area, duration, severity and frequency, and formed a relatively complete regional meteorological drought assessment system.