Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: This text mainly is aim at the research of Xilan Karp pattern and the discussion to the innovation and the exploitation to the pattern. It primarily introduces the Xilan Karp’s creation background , history, craft characteristics, pattern category, form, cultural content , the value of development and utilization and etc. By studying its contents,topic,pattern, design ,weaving technique and material, I put forward some ideas on how to develope and exploit Xilan Karp. Xilan Karp is one of the typical representatives of Tujia traditional culture and art, the inheritance and development of tujia culture ,the fruit of Tujia people’s hardworking and wisdom. Xilan Karp each pattern contains a beautiful story filled with Tujia people’s pursuit of happiness and a better life.

Abstract: The Madeira mealybug (Phenacoccus madeirensis Green) is one of the main pests in the world and the risk of invasion posed by this pest is becoming more and more serious with regard to increasing areas of planting cassava in Hainan province, China. It is urgent to analyze the potential geography distribution of P. madeirensisamong cassava in Hainan. The environmental suitability of P. madeirensis in Hainan was studied in this paper using Maxent and ArcGIS, based on the biological data and known distribution of P. madeirensiss. The results showed that there were 4 levels of suitability assessment of P. madeirensis in Hainan. The prediction showed P. madeirensismainly distributed in west and south Hainan, especially in Danzhou, Lingao, Chengmai, Dongfang, Ledong and Sanya cities or counties. The potential geographic distribution of P. madeirensis in Hainan defined in this paper constructed the theory basis and technical support for scientifically forming of control measures for P. madeirensis in Hainan.

Abstract: Over 163 hypogeous fungi species belonging to 45 genera, 25 families have been found and reported in China. The ecological environment and truffle wild resources are being destroyed rapidly due to over-excavation. Diversity, conservation and utilization of the Chinese hypogeous fungi are discussed in this paper with some suggestion for conservation and sustainable utilization.

Abstract: Terrestrial vegetation and soils in the terrestrial biosphere play an active role in shaping the environmental systems of the Earth. An improved understanding of changes in carbon storage of terrestrial ecosystems is very important for assessing the impacts of increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration and climate change on the terrestrial biosphere. Accurately predicting terrestrial carbon (C) storage requires understanding the stock and storage potential of C, because it helps us understand how ecosystems would respond to natural and anthropogenic disturbances under different management strategies. Grasslands are important for global carbon balance both for their large area and significant sink or source capacities, depending on the factors of climatic and land-use. Land-use change is often associated with changes in land cover and carbon (C) stocks. Land-use and land cover strongly influence carbon (C) storage and distribution within the grassland ecosystems.

Abstract: Shiraia bambusicola is a medicinal fungus growing on the twigs of bamboo plants, with the higher value in medicinal use. The natural resource of S. bambusicola has rapidly reduced recently because of the large-scale over-collection and the habitat destruction. The resource would be in extinction if there are no any protective measures and availability of sustainable use strategies. In this paper it is summarized that the application and development of S. bambusicola. A comprehensive analysis on the progress of research as well as the current problems in application and the future outlook are also proposed in the paper.

Abstract: The ethyl acetate extract was made from the leaves of Sindora glabra by solvent extract method and silica column chromatography, and was analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results show that thirty-four peaks were observed, in which twenty-eight compounds were identified accounting for 93.40% of the total volatile substances detected. The major constituents are Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (12.77%); (1.alpha,4a.alpha,8a.alpha) -7-methyl-4-methylene-1-isopropyl -,1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro naphthalene (11.95%) and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester (11.10%). The main types of compounds are fatty acid esters (44.46%) and terpenoids (25.39%). And most of the terpenoids are sesquiterpenoids which accounted for 23.44% of the total composition.

Abstract: The present study analyzed the tolerance of 10 common woody plants to gaseous nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). Experimental trees species were placed in fumigation chambers and exposed to different concentrations of NO₂ (600, 1000, and 2000 ppb) for 48 hours. Their physiological health was determined by measuring how chlorophyll fluorescence varied, identifying which tree species were more adaptive and resistant to NO₂. The results showed that NO₂-affected plants were harmed to some extent by reduced levels of chlorophyll fluorescence, which decreased more serous with higher concentrations of NO₂. Among the experimental tree species, the tolerance to NO₂ was ranked as Melia azedarach > Decussocarpus nagi > Palaquium formosanum > Pongamia pinnata > Messerschmidia argentea > Diospyros morrisiana > Lagerstroemia speciosa > Semecarpus gigantifolia > Aglaia formosana > Koelreuteria formosana.

Abstract: We introduced the four varieties poplar to Inner Mongolia Daxing’anling Forest Region, and investigated the survival rate of seedlings, ground diameter and seedling height were measured, and calculated average ground diameter and seedling height. In different experiment areas, the results showed that, the growth influence of seedling height and ground diameter was not the same on different cutting densities. Based on the above results, it can be preliminarily determined the most suitable poplar and cutting density for this area.

Abstract: Crop genetic diversity is crucial for the environment, for feeding humanity and for sustainable agriculture development, which is providing genetic barriers against different biotic and abiotic stresses; however, it is being lost at an alarming rate. Fortunately, more and more people are conscious of the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources goes far beyond avoiding the extinction of species, and the objective must be to conserve and use as much diversity as possible within each species. There is now a need for an integrated strategy for the conservation and management of crop genetic diversity and the organization of related information at several levels, for instance, at the highest level, it is necessary for entire agro-ecosystem, and also applies to the gene pools of individual crops at the interspecies level as well as at the intervarietal levels. This paper assesses the estimates methods on different genetic diversity in crop, introduces the status of crop genetic diversity, and prospects the significant conservation of crop genetic diversity for sustainable agriculture in the future.

Abstract: Fiber morphology, chemical composition and wood characteristic of fast-growing black poplar branch were studied. Meanwhile, pulping performance of it used for alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) was discussed preliminarily. The research results showed that the fast-growing black poplar branch can be used as raw materials for APMP pulping and papermaking.